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Accumulation of soluble phenolic compounds in sunflower capitula correlates with resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Disease symptoms and total soluble phenolics content have been analysed in four sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)lines with different resistance levels(from highly susceptible to resistant) to head rot caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary. At the beginning of the flowering stage, capitula were inoculated by spraying with a water suspension of
ascospores, and disease symptoms were evaluated from day 6 to day14 after inoculation. The most susceptible genotypes showed
all their ovaries to be necrosed and abundant lesions in corollas, bracts and receptacle. In the resistant line, the ovary
and corolla were only partially necrosed with no symptoms in the bracts or the receptacle. Total soluble phenolics were extracted
and quantified from different parts of the capitulum in both inoculated and non-inoculated plants. The amount of phenolic
compounds depended on the sunflower line, the time after inoculation, and the tissue. Higher constitutive and induced phenolic
content as well as phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity were present in the most resistant line, these differences correlated
with the absence/presence of disease symptoms.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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Summary A germ plasm collection of safflower, Carthamus tinctorius L., with about 900 lines from over twenty countries was evaluated in Utah, USA for head width and outer involucral bracts (OIB) dimensions, traits affected by both human and natural selection. The regional germ plasm pools contained considerable variability for these traits. Plants bearing short or long as well as narrow or wide OIB were well adapted. Geographical clines were detected for the means of OIB dimensions, indicating possible gene flow. The correlations of the OIB dimensions with yield, yield components, oil content and growing period were not instructive and at times very inconsistent. Primary head diameter varied considerably within the regional gene pools. Its correlations with yield/plant, number of heads/plant, seed weight and oil content were inconsistent. Capitulum width was positively and significantly correlated with the number of seeds per head. Head diameter, however, can vary considerably without affecting seed yield per unit area. 相似文献
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加拿大一枝黄花的开花动态及柱头与花粉活力 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对加拿大一枝黄花(Solidago canadensis L.)的花序结构、开花动态进行了观察,并运用联苯胺-过氧化氢法和联苯胺法,对其柱头活力和花粉活力进行了研究。结果表明:加拿大一枝黄花的花序为具有雌花和两性花的异型头状花序,属于雌全性系统。开花结果过程可大致分为舌状花开放期、管状花开放期、果实发育期和果实成熟期。柱头活力在开花第2天开始出现,开花后的第6天达到最高,第3天至第7天均维持在较高水平;花粉活力则在开花后第5天开始出现,开花后第8天达最高,第7天至第9天均维持在较高水平。加拿大一枝黄花头状花序的结构特征以及柱头活力和花粉活力的比较研究结果均显示出其有利于异交的特征和机制,有利于提高种子产生的数量和质量,增强其入侵性。 相似文献
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Amir Hooshang Jalali Foroud Salehi Mohammad Jafar Bahrani 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(11):1261-1269
A two-year (2008–2009) field experiment was conducted to determine the effect of irrigation management and weed control on yield and yield components of safflower. The experiment was conducted as a split-split plot arranged in a randomized blocks design with three replications. There were two treatments (weedy and weed free) and four irrigation interval water managements (7 days for all stages, 15, 22 and 28 days after six-leaf stages). The results indicated that grain yield was 29% higher in weed-free plots than in weedy plots. Weed competition reduced yield components such as primary branches, petal weight and number of capitulum per plant. Increasing the irrigation interval to 15 days at the six-leaf stage had no significant effects on grain yield, but grain yield decreased by 18 and 29.8% with increases in the irrigation interval to 22 and 28 days, respectively. An increased irrigation interval >15 days had negative effects on yield components like number of capitulum per plant, petal weight and number of primary branches. The highest grain yield (3703 kg ha?1) was obtained in the weed-free plot, and there was no significant difference between 7- and 15-day irrigation intervals. 相似文献
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以非洲菊品种‘大臣’花托为外植体,研究了不同消毒时间、花托大小以及激素种类对外植体不定芽分化、增殖及生根的影响.结果表明:用0.1％升汞浸泡8～10 min对‘大臣'花托有良好的消毒效果;花托大小以直径1.0 cm以下最佳,褐化及死亡率最低,仅为3.1％;以1/2 MS+6-BA10.0 mg/L+IAA0.1 mg/L为培养基,不定芽再生率最高,为17.4％.最适增殖培养基为MS+KT5.0 mg/L+IAA0.5 mg/L,增殖数为4～5;最适生根培养基为1/2 MS+IAA0.2～0.5 mg/L或1/2 MS+IBA0.05～0.5 mg/L或1/2 MS+NAA0.01～0.02 mg/L,生根率均达100％. 相似文献
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