乙醇浸渍对切片茄子干燥特性和品质的影响   总被引：2，自引：3，他引：2  

赵海燕  方小明  王军  巨浩羽  张月敬  陈兴付  张茜  刘嫣红  高振江  肖红伟 《农业工程学报》2016,32(9):233-240

为了提高切片茄子的干制品质、缩短干燥时间,对热风干燥前的切片茄子进行了乙醇浸渍处理。以不同干燥温度(45、55、65℃)、预处理乙醇体积分数(0、5%、15%)和茄子切片厚度(1.0、1.5、2.0 cm)为试验因素,以干燥时间及干燥后产品的干燥速率、色泽、复水比和微观结构为评价指标进行正交试验。试验结果表明:干燥温度、乙醇体积分数和切片厚度对干燥时间均有显著影响(P0.05);综合评价的影响顺序由大到小依次为:切片厚度干燥温度乙醇体积分数;切片茄子的干燥过程属于降速干燥,通过费克第二定律得到切片茄子的水分有效扩散系数在2.74×10-9~7.75×10-9 m2/s;切片厚度对干燥后茄子片的复水比有显著影响(P0.05),复水比随着切片厚度的增加而减少;乙醇体积分数对干燥后茄子片的色泽具有显著影响(P0.05),而且可以改变干燥后茄子的微观结构改善物料外观品质。当乙醇体积分数为15%、干燥温度为65℃、切片厚度为1.0 cm时,干燥时间为225 min,复水比为4.93,明亮度为88.24,既有较快的干燥速率又能够得到比较好的色泽。研究表明适宜体积分数的乙醇浸渍预处理能够提高切片茄子的干燥速率、改善色泽,为高品质切片茄子快速干燥提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

甜瓜枯萎病接种方法比较试验初报   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  

王登明  张学军  冯炯鑫  王叶筠  伊鸿平 《中国瓜菜》2009,22(5):38-39

分别采用灌根法、米饭粒接种法、蘸根法及胚根接种法对甜瓜枯萎病进行接种试验,拟为甜瓜抗病育种提供依据。结果表明:米饭粒接种法发病率最高,达到99%;胚根接种法最低,为10%;灌根法发病率为66.7%;蘸根法发病率为91%,且操作简单、精确,最适合进行甜瓜枯萎病抗病鉴定研究。  相似文献   

异氰酸酯树脂固定人工林杨木压缩变形的研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

杨霞 《吉林林业科技》2006,35(3):39-40

采用异氰酸酯树脂对人工林杨木进行表面密实化处理,目的是固定杨木的压缩变形,改善木材的材性。结果表明:随着水溶液中树脂质量分数的增加,木材的尺寸稳定性逐渐提高。  相似文献   

15种杀虫剂对草地贪夜蛾卵的毒力测定   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

林玉英  金涛  马光昌  温海波  向凯萍  彭正强  易克贤 《植物保护》2020,46(1):82-86

采用浸卵法测定了15种杀虫剂对草地贪夜蛾卵的毒力,并比较了不同杀虫剂的毒力水平。结果表明:100 mg/L处理后48 h,甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐(甲维盐)和灭多威对草地贪夜蛾卵孵化抑制率最高,达到100%,其LC 50分别为12.67 mg/L和16.95 mg/L;而200 mg/L的氯虫苯甲酰胺、多杀霉素、阿维菌素、高效氯氰菊酯、虱螨脲、辛硫磷和杀螟丹分别处理后72 h对草地贪夜蛾卵的孵化抑制率次之,在69.6%~87.65%之间,其LC 50分别为44.1、50.9、78.37、79.0、98.15、126.8 mg/L和137.7 mg/L。依据毒力测定的结果和高效低毒类杀虫剂优先选用的原则,推荐选择甲维盐、氯虫苯甲酰胺、多杀霉素、阿维菌素和高效氯氰菊酯作为防治草地贪夜蛾卵的主要药剂。  相似文献   

Variation of pesticide concentration in sheep dips operated according to traditional and revised methods     

Sherwood N  Watts T  Allan C  Chandler D 《Australian veterinary journal》1999,77(6):384-387

OBJECTIVE: To quantify stripping in traditional dipping operations and to revise dipping methods, based on prediction of stripping so that a more stable concentration of pesticide in the dipwash is achieved. DESIGN AND METHODS: Plunge and shower dips were operated sequentially according to traditional and revised dipping instructions. Dips were operated by continuous and intermittent replenishment. Samples of mixed dipwash were collected periodically and assayed for pesticide (diazinon) concentration. RESULTS: Diagrammatic representations of pesticide concentration versus number of sheep dipped indicated traditional dipping leads to wide variations in the concentration of pesticide in dipwash during dipping. Intermittent replenishment led to a 'saw-tooth' pattern in the pesticide concentration. Traditional continuous replenishment (using the starting concentration of pesticide) indicated both the rate and extent of stripping was higher in shower dipping. If sufficient sheep were dipped, equilibrium was reached between the rate of pesticide replenishment and removal. An alternative method of dip operation by continuous replenishment, using a low starting concentration of pesticide and a replenishment concentration high enough to offset the pesticide loss through stripping resulted in a more stable concentration of pesticide in the dip. CONCLUSION: Revision of dipping instructions can lead to exposure of sheep to stable concentrations of stripping pesticide during dipping.  相似文献   

应用浸叶法评价14 种杀虫剂对棉花粉蚧的毒力     

梁巧丽  梁广文  陆永跃 《广东农业科学》2014,41(6):99-104

棉花粉蚧（Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsely）是一种近年来在世界范围内发生危害的入侵性害虫,已给巴基斯坦、印度等多国的棉花生产造成严重损失。2008 年中国大陆发现其发生,目前已在局部地区入侵棉田、造成危害,对中国棉花产业潜在威胁巨大。为了寻找合适的防治药剂,采用浸叶法测定了14 种杀虫剂对棉花粉蚧三龄若虫的毒力。结果表明,高效氯氟氰菊酯、丙溴磷、毒死蜱和阿维菌素相对毒力较高;随着处理时间延长,阿维菌素、甲维盐、多杀霉素和溴虫腈4 种杀虫剂对棉花粉蚧三龄若虫毒力上升明显。药后24 h,14 种药剂的相对毒力由高到低依次为高效氯氟氰菊酯、丙溴磷、毒死蜱、阿维菌素、辛硫磷、丁硫克百威、多杀霉素、溴虫腈、高效氯氰菊酯、灭多威、甲维盐、三唑磷、矿物油、鱼藤酮;药后48 h,14 种药剂的相对毒力由高到低依次为高效氯氟氰菊酯、丙溴磷、阿维菌素、毒死蜱、甲维盐、溴虫腈、多杀霉素、丁硫克百威、辛硫磷、高效氯氰菊酯、灭多威、三唑磷、矿物油、鱼藤酮,与药后24 h的相对毒力顺序略有变化。  相似文献   

减少山楂汁果胶含量浸汁工艺的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张志军  魏文玉 《保鲜与加工》2003,3(4):19-20

在山楂浸汁时,通过调节Ca2 浓度处理等措施减少山楂汁中果胶含量。结果表明,在传统提汁法提取的果汁中,果胶含量远高于经Ca2 处理的果汁中的含量,随Ca2 浓度的增加,果汁中果胶含量降低。  相似文献   

药剂浸苗处理防治甘薯蔓割病的试验     

方树民  陈玉森  朱伯昌  庄银庆  吴克球 《福建农林大学学报(自然科学版)》1995,(4)

１９８９—１９９１的年盆苗测定、田间小区试验和大面积防治示范结果表明，在同一剂量和处理时间内，多菌灵粉剂对甘薯蔓割病的防治效果明显高于托布津粉剂，超微多菌灵粉剂略高于多菌灵粉剂，其治病机理主要起预防保护作用．最佳剂量和处理时间为８０％超微多菌灵可湿性粉剂０．８ｇ·Ｌ－１或５０％多菌灵可湿性粉剂１．０８ｇ·Ｌ－１，浸苗出晾干６—８ｈ后扦插．上述处理对大田感病品种防治效果达８０％－１００％，增产７％－１５％，经济效益显著，可供生产上大面积推广应用．  相似文献   

嗜水气单胞菌灭活苗的研制   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

朱芝秀  曾志明  何后军  邓舜洲  邬向东  王萍  李晖 《江西农业大学学报》2003,25(5):752-755

选取具有HEC毒素的致病性菌株AH3，按照最佳培养条件制成AH3灭活全菌苗。免疫接种小鼠和鲫鱼，小鼠获得完全免疫，鲫鱼注射免疫组保护率为75％，浸泡免疫组保护率为33％，对照组保护率为0％。  相似文献   

The Effect of Management Factors on the Seroprevalence of Anaplasma marginale in Bos indicus cattle in the Mexican Tropics     

Rodríguez-Vivas RI  Mata-Mendez Y  Pérez-Gutierrez E  Wagner G 《Tropical animal health and production》2004,36(2):135-143

A cross-sectional study with a two-stage design and proportional distribution was carried out to determine the effect of management factors on the seroprevalence of Anaplasma marginale in Bos indicus cattle in the Mexican tropics. Serum was obtained from 384 cattle aged 1-2 years on 92 farms. The number of samples was proportionally distributed according to the number of farms in eastern Yucatan. Antibody activity against A. marginale was assessed using the card agglutination test. A primary screening using a 2 x K contingency table of the exposed variables with the outcomes was performed. All variables for which p < 0.20 were included in a fixed-effects log regression. The seroprevalence in the cattle was 69.75% (SE +/- 0.02). Sixty-four per cent of the farms had a seroprevalence > or = 75%. The risks related to managemental factors were stocking density ( > or = 1 animal/ha, OR = 10.94), type of acaricide (pyrethroids, OR = 3.8), dipping interval ( > 60 days, OR = 0.13) and type of veterinary instruments used (needles, scalpels, ear tattoos, and dehorners, OR = 0.17).  相似文献