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G. F. Difford D. W. Olijhoek A. L. F. Hellwing P. Lund M. A. Bjerring Y. de Haas 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Sciences》2018,68(1):25-32
This study assessed the ranking of dairy cows using individual-level correlations for methane (CH4) emission on-farm using sniffers and in respiration chambers. In total 20 lactating dairy cows, ten Holstein and ten Jerseys were recorded using sniffers installed in milking robots for three weeks of lactation and subsequently in respiration chambers (RC) where they were each recorded on three occasions within the RC. Bivariate linear mixed models were used to determine the individual-level correlations (rI) between sniffer and RC phenotypes as proxies for genetic correlations. Despite differences in feeding and management, the predicted CH4 production from sniffers correlated highly with RC CH4 production rI?=?0.77?±?0.18 and CH4 breath concentration correlated nearly as well with RC CH4 production rI?=?0.75?±?0.20. These correlations between sniffers on-farm and RC demonstrate the potential of sniffers measurements as large-scale indicator traits for CH4 emissions in dairy cattle. 相似文献
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D. Pang BVSc J. Hethey N. A. Caulkett DVM MVetSc DACVA T. Duke BVetMed DVA DACVA DECVA 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2007,17(2):143-148
Objective: To demonstrate correlation and clinical usefulness of the partial pressure of end‐tidal CO2 (ETCO2) measurement by nasal catheter placement in sedated dogs with and without concurrent nasal oxygen administration as a substitute for partial pressure of arterial CO2 (PaCO2). Design: Prospective, cross‐over trial. Setting: University of Saskatchewan veterinary research laboratory. Animals: Six cross‐breed dogs with a mean (±SD) weight of 29.1±4.03 kg. Interventions: All dogs were sedated with 5 μg/kg medetomidine intravenously (IV) and an arterial catheter was placed in a dorsal pedal artery for removal of blood for gas analysis. A nasal catheter was placed in the ventral meatus and connected to a capnometer for ETCO2 measurements in all dogs. Dogs receiving supplemental nasal oxygen had a second nasal catheter placed in the contralateral naris. Measurements and main results: In the group without nasal oxygen supplementation, the ETCO2 measurement underestimated (negative bias) the PaCO2 by ?2.20 mmHg with limits of agreement (95% confidence interval) of ?5.79, 1.39 mmHg. In the group receiving oxygen supplementation, ETCO2 measurement underestimated (negative bias) the PaCO2 by ?2.46 mmHg with limits of agreement (95% confidence interval) of ?8.42, 3.50 mmHg. Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrate that ETCO2 monitoring via a nasal catheter provides a clinically acceptable substitute to arterial blood gas analysis as a means of monitoring ventilation in healthy, sedated dogs. The limits of agreement were within acceptable limits with and without concurrent insufflation of oxygen. 相似文献
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针对育苗播种机设备作业过程播种效率较低,取种、播种过程不够精确等问题,设计了气吸式穴盘育苗精密播种机,并对其进行了试验验证.该播种机的主要组成为PLC控制器、电源模块、机架、播种模块、气动系统模块和传感器模块.通过采用吸盘进行吸种播种和双排播种的方式,提高播种机的播种精度和效率,并建立了种子吸附过程和双排播种过程的数学... 相似文献
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利用电子鼻技术结合多种化学计量学方法,对原料羊乳中掺假过期复原乳进行快速定性判别和定量分析.将过期复原乳按不同比例掺入到原料羊乳中,进行电子鼻检测.通过电子鼻采集不同比例掺假乳挥发性成分的响应值,然后利用主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)、Fisher线性判别分析(fisher linear discriminant analysis,FLDA)以及线性回归拟合分析进行定性判别和定量分析,建立基于电子鼻技术检测原料羊乳掺假的方法.结果表明:FLDA及PCA都能够区分出不同比例的掺假奶,且FLDA区分效果优于PCA;线性回归拟合分析的相关系数为88.4％,预测值与实际掺假值呈现一定的线性关系,表明该模型具有较好的泛化能力.因此利用电子鼻实现原料羊乳掺假的快速定性判别和定量分析是可行的. 相似文献
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红壤丘陵区不同生态重建中红壤的微生物学性状 总被引：6，自引：3，他引：6
研究了中国科学院红壤生态试验站的优化农业生态模式的长期定位试验地里的常绿针叶林地(马尾松林)、落叶阔叶林地(小叶栎)、针阔混交林地(湿地松-小叶栎)、自然恢复地(受到人为干扰)、茶园地、柿子园地和花生地等样地，并且在附近选了疏草荒地作为对照。结果发现，不同生态重建模式与对照相比，在微生物学性状上均有很大程度的提高。总的趋势是农用果园地好于林地，林地好于自然恢复地。在剖面分布上，也有明显的层次差异，即随土层的增加而减少。 相似文献
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为了探讨育肥羊在饲喂条件下颈静脉灌注13C-苯丙氨酸(13C-Phe)作为指示剂氨基酸进行氨基酸代谢动力学研究时,呼出气13CO2中同位素丰度达到稳定状态的时间及平台期持续时间。选取4只体重32 kg左右哈萨克公羔作为试验动物,代谢笼内单笼饲养。每天按正常采食量的90%(1 200 g)饲喂2次。其中第1~第6天为适应期,第7天为灌注和呼出气的采样期。采集灌注过程中至灌注结束后不同时间点的呼出气样本,测定13C的千分差值,以确定同位素的稳态。结果表明,4只试验羊在饲喂条件下以13C-Phe作为指示氨基酸进行指示氨基酸氧化法(IAAO)测定时,呼出气样品中13C的千分差值在灌注开始后迅速升高,平台期可维持2 h左右,最终确定的13C-Phe的最佳取样时间是在灌注开始后的第1.5~第4 h。本研究结果为今后测定动物对蛋白质和各种氨基酸的需要量奠定了基础。 相似文献
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对大学生最大摄氧量的预测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文运用 PWC_(170)机能试验方法,间接测定出人体最大吸氧量,并与影响人体心肺功能的多项指标,进行逐步回归、多元回归、聚类分析和曲线拟合优化处理的统计分析,筛选出每搏功为评定最大吸氧量的典型指标。根据最大吸氧量越大,心肺功能越好的原则,设计出大学生心肺功能评价模型,方法简便易行,便于推广应用。 相似文献
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本文分析了番茄长季节栽培日光温室内ＣＯ_２浓度的变化，结果表明：在不放风的条件下，日光温室内的ＣＯ_２浓度存在着垂直差异和水平差异；室内ＣＯ_２浓度的变化与番茄植株生育状态，特别是与番茄株高和叶面积关系密切，也与室内温度、光照度和土壤呼吸有关。因此番茄越冬生产时，如果土壤施入充足的有机质，在植株高度小于５０ｃｍ（或叶面积小于０．２２ｍ~２／株）时，土壤有机质分解释放的ＣＯ_２能够满足番茄光合的需要，不需增施ＣＯ_２，而应改善温度光照条件；只有植株较大、温度和光照条件好、见光到放风时间长时才需要增施ＣＯ_２ 。 相似文献
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A. G. WHITTAKER S. LOVE T. D. H. PARKIN M. DUZ K. J. HUGHES 《Equine veterinary journal》2009,41(9):940-943
Regulation of pH homeostasis in the equine lung is poorly understood. Measurement of exhaled breath condensate (EBC) pH provided a simple, highly repeatable and noninvasive method for the longitudinal investigation of changes in airway pH in response to environmental changes. Stabling of horses was found to lead to a small (approximately 100–200 parts/ billion) but significant (P<0.001) increase in ambient ammonia concentration when compared to pasture. This increase in exposure to ambient ammonia concentration was associated with significant (P = 0.002) increases in EBC pH and exhaled ammonia (P = 0.013). Stable feed/bedding management type had no effect on EBC pH or exhaled ammonia concentration, while ambient ammonia concentration was influenced by stable management type. 相似文献