强化型EM菌剂对金针菇菌糠堆肥的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘维维  金晓  辛寒晓  史庆华  姚强  刘丽英  孙中涛 《中国农学通报》2020,36(22):78-85

为提高EM菌剂在菌糠堆肥中的应用效果,加速腐熟进程,改善堆肥质量,采用纤维素酶与木聚糖酶高产菌株黑曲霉SNH-7、蛋白酶高产菌株枯草芽孢杆菌SNK-103与EM菌剂进行复配,研制强化型EM菌剂,并研究其对菌糠堆肥的影响。结果表明：与普通EM菌剂相比,接种强化型EM菌剂的处理堆肥过程中微生物代谢更加旺盛,温度、pH、EC值、总有机碳、可溶性有机碳、总氮、铵态氮、硝态氮、C/N、腐植酸和黄腐酸含量等理化指标的升高或降低幅度更大,腐熟进程加快;成品堆肥的GI提高,C/N降低,总氮、硝态氮、总腐植酸和游离腐植酸的含量升高,生物安全性更好、肥效更高。说明在EM菌剂中补充纤维素酶、木聚糖酶和蛋白酶高产菌株,可强化其对纤维素、木质素和蛋白质的降解能力,在无辅料、高C/N、低pH的不利条件下,添加该菌剂能加速堆肥进程,提高堆肥质量。  相似文献   

净化液处理对豇豆采后多环芳烃(PAHs)的净化效果研究     

巫桂芬  乔双雨  龙明华 《中国农学通报》2020,36(29):87-92

为降低蔬菜采后体内多环芳烃(PAHs)对人体的危害风险,以豇豆为材料,利用不同浓度洗洁精、食盐、米酒、米醋、植物油及清水分别对豇豆豆荚进行浸洗,通过高效液相色谱-质谱联用法检测豇豆采后体内PAHs的含量,并筛选出豇豆体内PAHs的最佳净化方法。结果表明,米酒和米醋处理对豇豆体内PAHs的去除效果基本一致,其中米酒处理组的∑PAHs（美国环保局公布的优先监测的16种多环芳烃的含量总和）降低68.92%,米醋处理组的∑PAHs降低73.88%,且对萘、二苯并(a,h)蒽和茚并(1,2,3-c,d)芘等均有明显的去除效果;清水浸洗可有效降低豇豆体内的茚并(1,2,3-c,d)芘含量,但会使菲的含量增加;食盐处理使∑PAHs增加了77.15%,主要表现在增加了2、3环PAHs在豇豆体内的积累;植物油处理可降低个别PAHs单体含量,但会引入其他PAHs单体,同时增加∑PAHs含量。毒性当量计算结果表明,米酒能有效降低豇豆体内的PAHs毒性,同时食盐处理也使豇豆体内的PAHs毒性当量降低。米酒和米醋能有效降低豇豆体内∑PAHs和二苯并(a,h)蒽的含量及其毒性当量。  相似文献   

Association of neutrophil morphology with bacterial isolates in equine tracheal wash samples          下载免费PDF全文

N. A. Jocelyn  C. E. Wylie  M. Lean  A. Barrelet  A. K. Foote 《Equine veterinary journal》2018,50(6):752-758

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Volatile profile,fatty acids composition and total phenolics content of brewers' spent grain by-product with potential use in the development of new functional foods     

《Journal of Cereal Science》2015

Brewers' spent grain (BSG) is the insoluble residue generated from the production of wort in the brewing industry. This plant-derived by-product is known to contain significant amounts of valuable components, which remain unexploited in the brewing processes. Therefore, it is essential to develop a more detailed characterization of BSG in order to highlight its potential in developing new value-added products and simultaneously solve the environmental problems related to its discharge. The content of BSG in several biologically active compounds (fatty acids, polyphenols, flavonoids, antioxidant capacity) as well as its volatile fingerprint were assessed and compared with the composition of barley, malt and wheat flour samples. The obtained results emphasized the importance and the opportunities of the re-use of this agro-industrial by-product.  相似文献   

茯苓发酵液的抑菌和抗肿瘤活性   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

吴胜莲  邵晨霞  唐少军  谭明辉  杨祎  刘惠知 《食用菌学报》2016,(1):63-66

研究了茯苓(Wolfiporia cocos)发酵液的抑菌和体外抗肿瘤活性。结果表明：茯苓发酵液对金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)和白色念珠菌(Candida albicans)具有较好的抑制作用;茯苓发酵液对人宫颈癌细胞 Hela、小鼠黑色素瘤细胞B16和肝癌细胞 Hep-3B均具有较好的抑制效果,其作用48 h 的半抑制剂量为23.7、15.9和13.7μL。  相似文献   

用麦芽根调节水分对啤酒糟混贮品质的影响     

尹召华  时建青  姜婷  赵国琦 《中国畜牧杂志》2006,42(21):48-50

将啤酒糟和麦芽根按不同比例袋装混贮,分别在30、60、90、120 d开袋取样进行感官评定,pH值、氨态氮、干物质、粗蛋白、中性洗涤纤维及有机酸含量分析。结果表明:混贮时间和水分含量均对混贮效果有显著影响;混贮饲料在混贮前60 d各指标变化范围较大,60 d后变化范围较小,并逐渐趋于稳定状态;混贮饲料以含水量50%的袋装混贮效果最好,其次是60%、40%,70%最差。  相似文献   

On-line brush and spray washers to lower numbers of Campylobacter and Escherichia coli and presence of Salmonella on broiler carcasses during processing     

《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2009,18(1):74-78

It is unclear how effective different types of broiler carcass wash steps are in lowering the presence or numbers of pathogenic bacteria. We tested for individual and combined effectiveness of 5 separate on-line wash steps applied between bleed-out and chilling in a commercial broiler processing plant. Carcasses were sampled directly before and after each wash step: pre-scald brush washer, post-feather pick (New York dressed) spray washer, inside/outside spray washer, postevisceration brush washer, and final prechill spray washer. Carcasses were examined for numbers of Campylobacter and Escherichia coli and presence of Salmonella using standard cultural methods. Overall, numbers of Campylobacter were lowered from log 2.58 to 1.15 cfu/mL of carcass rinse, but no single wash step caused a significant decrease. Overall, Salmonella prevalence was decreased from 80 to 24%; however, no wash step caused a significant decrease by itself. The 5 wash steps in series lowered E. coli numbers from log 4.60 to 2.69 cfu/mL; the New York-dressed spray wash and the postevisceration brush washer each had a significant effect on E. coli. When examined separately, the benefit of broiler carcass wash steps may not be evident. However, when combined with overall processing, wash steps can be effective to lessen bacterial contamination on carcasses and be useful for pathogen control. Additional studies are necessary to maximize the effectiveness of carcass washers.  相似文献   

挤压对麦糟纤维结构和固态发酵过程中pH值影响的研究     

张礼星  王晓霞  陈廷登  章银军 《林产化学与工业》2004,24(4):81-86

低成本纤维素酶的生产是酶法转化纤维质生物量为酒精的关键。尽管已有很多有关纤维素酶的研究报告，但底物的预处理对固态发酵过程中pH值和产酶的影响很少见诸于报道。作者研究了在固态发酵过程中，里氏木霉在未处理和经挤压处理的麦糟培养基上pH值的变化。经单螺杆和双螺杆挤压的麦糟，其纤维的结晶度变化较小。单螺杆挤压撕开了纤维结构，而双螺杆破坏并摧毁了纤维细胞的细胞壁，同时麦糟的颗粒也变得很小。两种经挤压处理的麦糟均有利于菌体的生长，并提高了产酶。以单螺杆挤压处理的麦糟为培养基时，最高FPA酶活力为182．8IU／g纤维素。  相似文献   

啤酒麦糟纤维素酶水解的研究     

刘超纲  余世袁  刘力 《中南林业科技大学学报(自然科学版)》1995,(2)

以经过适当预处理后的啤酒麦糟作原料，采用里氏木霉产生的纤维素酶进行水解．其纤维素的水解反应可描述为：①前６小时内迅速水解；②６～２４小时内较慢水解；③２４小时后缓慢水解．在水解过程中，存在纤维二糖的积累．且以前６小时积累较多，纤维二糖的最高浓度可达７．５２ｇ／Ｌ．水解前期采取分批添料方法，可提高水解得率和底物浓度．并大大提高水解液中还原糖的浓度．  相似文献   

Effect of water extract from spent mushroom substrate after Ganoderma balabacense cultivation by using JUNCAO technique on production performance and hematology parameters of dairy cows          下载免费PDF全文

Yanling Liu  Chao Zhao  Dongmei Lin  Hui Lin  Zhanxi Lin 《Animal Science Journal》2015,86(9):855-862

The spent mushroom substrate of Ganoderma balabacense cultivation (SMSGB) contains a large amount of bioactive substances. However, the potentials of SMSGB for improving milk production in dairy cows have not been thoroughly studied. In this study, the effects of hot water extract (HWE) from spent mushroom substrate after G. balabacense cultivated with JUNCAO, the herbaceous plants long‐known to be suitable for cultivating edible and medicinal fungi, on production performance and hematology parameters of dairy cows, were determined. Holstein dairy cows were fed different doses of HWE. After a 60‐day administration period with 100 g/day of HWE, milk yield, milk protein and triglyceride (TG) levels increased by 4.02% (P < 0.01), 4.49% (P < 0.05) and 32.65% (P < 0.05), respectively; somatic cell count (SCC) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were significantly decreased (P < 0.05). The production performance of dairy cows suggests that HWE with SMSGB treatment is effective in improving milk yield (P < 0.01) and hematology parameters of dairy cows, and may be useful as a functional feed additive.  相似文献