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乙酰甲胺磷农药的高效液相色谱法测定 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用高效液相色谱-紫外检测方法,结合外标法建立了乙酰甲胺磷原药测定的分析方法。研究了流动相组成等因素对色谱分离效果的影响,得到了最优化的分离测定条件:采用C18柱,以乙腈—水(3∶97,v/v)为流动相,流速1.0mL/min,紫外检测波长为210 nm,乙酰甲胺磷和甲胺磷在3 min内完全分离。将该方法应用于乙酰甲胺磷原药测定上,回收率介于98.9%~100.4%之间,相对标准偏差介于6.3%~7.2%之间,效果较好。 相似文献
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The tarnished plant bug (TPB) has increasingly become an economically important pest of cotton. Heavy dependence on insecticides, particularly organophosphates and pyrethroids, for TPB control facilitated resistance development to multiple classes of insecticides. To better understand resistance and explore ways to monitor resistance in field populations, this study examined acephate susceptibility and the activities of two major detoxification enzymes in nine field populations collected in the Delta region of Mississippi and Arkansas in 2010. Two Arkansas populations from Reed and Backgate had 3.5- and 4.3-fold resistance to acephate, as compared to a susceptible laboratory strain. Extensive planting of cotton and heavy chemical sprays is a major driving force for resistance development to acephate in Mid-south cotton growing areas. Reduced susceptibility to acephate was highly correlated with elevated esterase activities. The acephate-resistant populations from Backgate, Lula, and Reed consistently had higher (up to 5.3-fold) esterase activities than susceptible populations. Regression analysis of LC50s with kinetic esterase activities revealed a significant polynomial quadratic relationship with R2 up to 0.89. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) also had elevated activity in most populations, but the variations of GST activities were not significantly correlated with changes of acephate susceptibility. Finally, examination of esterase and GST inhibitors indicated that suppression rates (up to 70%) by two esterase inhibitors in 2010 were slightly lower than those detected in 2006, and ethacrynic acid (EA) inhibited GST effectively in both years. Two other GST inhibitors (sulfobromophthalein and diethyl maleate) displayed significantly lower suppression rates in 2010 than those detected in 2006, suggesting a potential genetic shift in pest populations and a necessity of continued monitoring for insecticide resistance with both bioassay and biochemical approaches. Results indicated that using major detoxification enzyme activities for resistance monitoring may provide insight into acephate resistance in field populations of TPB. 相似文献
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为研究乙酰甲胺磷在蔬菜上使用后产生的农药残留风险,以不同制剂、不同浓度的乙酰甲胺磷为试验材料,分析乙酰甲胺磷及其代谢产物在小白菜中的消解动态变化,结果表明:(1)乙酰甲胺磷代谢产生甲胺磷,代谢率与农药的剂型有关;(2)不同制剂的乙酰甲胺磷在小白菜中的半衰期基本一致,在26.8~28.5 h之间,而代谢物甲胺磷的半衰期略有差异,在36.7~42.3 h之间;(3)乙酰甲胺磷在叶菜中使用会产生较高的甲胺磷残留风险,且安全间隔期在12天以上。 相似文献
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为了筛选出防治萝卜蚜高效、低残留药剂,对30%乙酰甲胺磷乳油和40%氧乐果乳油防治萝卜蚜进行了药效对比及用量试验。田间试验结果表明,30%乙酰甲胺磷乳油对萝卜蚜具有理想的防治效果,表现出良好的速效性和持效性,使用30%乙酰甲胺磷乳油65~135mL/667m2,在蚜虫发生期内喷雾防治,施药第1d,防治效果就超过90%,药后第10d仍保持在90%以上,且对油菜安全。 相似文献
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乙酰甲胺磷在辣椒上的残留消解动态研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
[目的]了解乙酰甲胺磷在辣椒上的残留消解规律。[方法]采用田间试验和气相色谱分析方法,研究了30%乙酰甲胺磷乳油在辣椒上的消解动态和最终残留。[结果]乙酰甲胺磷在辣椒中的初始沉积量因不同施药剂量存在较大差异,施药剂量越大,初始沉积量越高;残留消解动态符合一级动力学方程;1 000倍液和500倍液2种施药量的降解速率基本相似,半衰期分别为1.6和1.7 d;乙酰甲胺磷在辣椒上的最大残留量(MRL值)推荐值为1 mg/kg,1 000倍液和500倍液茎叶喷雾后,农药残留量降解到该值时所需时间分别为1.5和2.3 d,符合蔬菜质量安全标准。[结论]为乙酰甲胺磷在甘肃河西走廊及相似地区的科学合理使用提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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市售4种有机磷农药急性毒性研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
[目的]检测市售4种有机磷农药对SD大鼠的急性毒性。[方法]以4~5月龄、体质量180~220kg的雄性、清洁级SD大鼠为试验动物,用4种不同质量浓度的有机磷农药对其进行灌胃,观察SD大鼠的中毒表现并记录死亡时间,评价急性致毒效应特征、药物间的致毒效果及其安全浓度,并分析其原因。[结果]辛硫磷对SD大鼠24、48、72、96h的半致死浓度分别为3.892、3.051、2.618、2.458g/kg;甲基异柳磷对SD大鼠24、48、72、96h的半致死浓度分别为0.015、0.013、0.012、0.011g/kg;水胺硫磷对SD大鼠24、48、72、96h的半致死浓度分别为0.049、0.046、0.043、0.041g/kg;乙酰甲胺磷对SD大鼠24、48、72、96h的半致死浓度分别为0.137、0.113、0.100、0.085g/kg。[结论]4种有机磷农药对SD大鼠均呈现以蓄积为主导的急性毒发效应,毒性大小依次为甲基异柳磷〉水胺硫磷〉乙酰甲胺磷〉辛硫磷。 相似文献
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几种桑园常用杀虫剂对家蚕的残毒期试验 总被引:16,自引:3,他引:13
设计桑虫清、辛硫磷、乙酰甲胺磷不同浓度的处理区 ,以喷药距收蚁日期的天数为处理水平 ,研究各处理对家蚕的残毒期。应用BASIC语言编程 ,对试验资料进行回归分析的结果是 :各处理间以幼虫期死蚕率差异最显著 ,喷药到收蚁的天数与死蚕率的相关关系曲线与指数函数型 (y =cebx)相吻合 ;喷药到收蚁的天数与蔟中死蚕率的相关关系 ,呈抛物线型 (y=a +bx +cx2 )。各处理间的茧质无显著差异。桑虫清的残毒期为 7~ 8d ,辛硫磷为9~ 10d ,乙酰甲胺磷为 15d以上。残毒期与药剂剂量呈正相关 相似文献
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