排序方式： 共有12条查询结果，搜索用时 281 毫秒
1.
[目的]采用分子蒸馏技术拆分蛇床子油,并进行气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)分析.[方法]短程分子蒸馏分为两级,一级蒸发温度为60℃、真空度50.0 mbar,二级蒸发温度为60℃、真空度5.0 mbar,进样温度均为30℃、冷凝温度10℃、刮膜转速200 rpm.利用GC-MS对蛇床子油及不同馏分物进行成分分析.[结果]两级分子蒸馏共得到3部分馏分物,总上样量为346.70 g,回收总计339.82 g,总回收率为98.01％;一级轻组分(DF1)为164.93 g(47.57％),二级轻组分(DF2)为133.42 g (38.48％),二级重组分(RF2)为41.47 g(11.96％).对原油和各级馏分物分别进行GC-MS分析,共检测出28个化合物,主要成分为右旋萜二烯、4-异丙基甲苯、α-蒎烯、1,2-环氧柠檬油精、反-柠檬烯氧化物等,但各部分中成分数量及相对含量差别显著.[结论]分子蒸馏是一种能有效分离纯化挥发油的技术,可应用于挥发油的加工利用. 相似文献
2.
3.
目的研兄治打老年性阴道炎中药经方蛇床子汤加味配伍的抗菌作用、方法运用琼脂扩散法、液体稀释法、琼脂稀释法定性和定量检iA}}蛇床子汤味配伍I号方、2号方、3号方及单味药白矶对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌及白假丝酵母菌的抗菌作用、结果在琼脂扩散法中1号方对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌及白假丝酵母菌抗菌作用优于2号方及3号方;单味药白矶对3种菌抑菌作用优于1号方,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05 )〔液体稀释法中,1号方对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌的MIC值为31.25 mg/mL,对上述两种菌株MBC值为31.25 m留mL〔结论蛇床子汤加味配伍1号方为优势复方.有较明显的抗菌作用、 相似文献
4.
BACKGROUND: An assessment was made of the toxicity of imperatorin and osthole identified in Cnidium monnieri fruit, 11 related compounds and five insecticides to larvae from insecticide‐susceptible Culex pipiens pallens (KS‐CP strain) and Aedes aegypti and wild C.p. pallens (YS‐CP colony) using a direct‐contact mortality bioassay. Results were compared with those of the conventional larvicide temephos. RESULTS: Imperatorin (LC50 = 3.14 and 2.88 mg L?1) was 1.9‐, 3.7‐ and 4.2‐fold and 2.4‐, 4.5‐ and 4.6‐fold more toxic than isopimpinellin, isoimperatorin and osthole against susceptible C. p. pallens and A. aegypti larvae respectively. Overall, all of the compounds were less toxic than temephos (0.011 and 0.019 mg L?1). The toxicity of these compounds was virtually identical against larvae from the two Culex strains, even though YS‐CP larvae were resistant to fenthion (resistance ratio RR = 390), deltamethrin (RR = 164), cyfluthrin (RR = 14) and temephos (RR = 14). This finding indicates that the coumarins and the insecticides do not share a common mode of action. The structure–activity relationship indicates that the chemical structure and alkoxy substitution and length of the alkoxyl side chain at the C8 position are essential for imparting toxicity. CONCLUSION: The C. monnieri fruit‐derived coumarins and the related coumarins described merit further study as potential insecticides or lead molecules for the control of insecticide‐resistant mosquito populations. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
5.
Chemical investigations on the ethanolic extract of the dried fructus of Cnidium monnieri offered three chromones and eight coumarins. Among them, a new chromone and a new coumarin were identified and elucidated as 5,7-dihydroxy-6-[(2Z)-4-(β-d-glucopyranosyl)oxy-3- methylbut-2-enyl]-2-hydroxymethyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one (1, hydroxycnidimoside A) and (rel 1′S,2′R)-8-(2,3-epoxy-1-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-7-methoxycoumarin (8, hydroxyosthole epoxide), respectively, by extensive analyses of spectroscopic data including 1- and 2-D NMR, MS, UV, OR, IR, and HRMS data. The other known compounds were identified by analyses of spectroscopic data and by comparison with literature reported. 相似文献
6.
用3种不同有机溶剂对蛇床子Cnidium monnieri、白头翁Pulsatilla chinensis、百部Stemona japonica、半夏Pinellia ternata、紫丁香Syringa oblate进行了提取,获得15种植物粗提物,并采用玻片浸渍法对二斑叶螨进行室内药效测定。结果表明,当各粗提物浓度为5.00mg/mL时,蛇床子丙酮提取物A-SCZ和蛇床子氯仿提取物C-SCZ在处理24h后,二斑叶螨的校正死亡率为100%,具较好的杀螨活性。室内毒力试验表明,A-SCZ、C-SCZ、百部乙醇提取物E-BB、白头翁乙醇提取物E-BTW、白头翁氯仿提取物C-BTW对二斑叶螨的LC50分别为2.68、1.68、4.14、11.91、5.93mg/mL。测定施药后4h和24h二斑叶螨体内乙酰胆碱酯酶(AchE)、羧酸酯酶(CarE)、酸性磷酸酯酶(ACP)、碱性磷酸酯酶(ALP)、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(GSTs)、多功能氧化酶(MFOs)等解毒代谢酶的活力变化情况,结果表明,白头翁、紫丁香、蛇床子的活性成分主要抑制二斑叶螨体内AchE、GSTs、ACP和CarE而发挥杀螨作用,而百部粗提物主要抑制的是害螨体内GSTs和MFO。A-SCZ、C-SCZ提取率达19.83%和21.62%,表明这两种中药提取物有较高的提取率和杀螨活性,具有很大的开发潜力。 相似文献
7.
为评估异色瓢虫Harmonia axyridis对苹果-蛇床草微景观中2种寄主上绣线菊蚜Aphis spiraecola和胡萝卜微管蚜Semiaphis heraclei的生物防治潜能,在实验室条件下测定异色瓢虫1~4龄幼虫和雌、雄成虫对2种蚜虫3~4龄若蚜的捕食功能反应、寻找效应以及捕食偏好性。结果表明,异色瓢虫1~4龄幼虫和雌、雄成虫对绣线菊蚜和胡萝卜微管蚜的捕食功能反应均符合Holling Ⅱ型功能反应类型,其中,雌成虫对绣线菊蚜的捕食能力最强,为411.284,雄成虫对胡萝卜微管蚜的捕食能力最强,为356.403; 2龄幼虫对绣线菊蚜的瞬时攻击率最大,为1.231,3龄幼虫对胡萝卜微管蚜的瞬时攻击率最大,为1.277。异色瓢虫各虫态对绣线菊蚜和胡萝卜微管蚜的寻找效应均随着蚜虫密度的升高而降低。当2种蚜虫共存且总密度为60头/皿时,不同密度比例下异色瓢虫对2种蚜虫均无显著偏好性;当总密度为240头/皿,绣线菊蚜与胡萝卜微管蚜的密度比例为1:5、2:4、3:3和4:2时异色瓢虫对绣线菊蚜表现出显著的偏好性,而在密度比例为1:5、3:3和4:2时异色瓢虫对胡萝卜微管蚜表现出显著的负偏好性。表明异色瓢虫对苹果-蛇床草微景观中绣线菊蚜的防控潜能更好。 相似文献
8.
蛇床子对菜青虫的拒食活性研究 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
利用甲醇、50%乙腈、丙酮等6种极性不同的溶剂对蛇床子进行了索氏抽提,发现蛇床子的甲醇、50%乙腈、丙酮、乙酸乙酯、乙醚、氯仿抽提物对3龄菜青虫的AFC50值分别为3.658、0.700、0.525、1.407、0.973、1.958 g/L.借助于柱层析技术对蛇床子的乙醚粗提物进行了初步分离,得到的4号馏份、5号馏份较其它馏份有较高的生物活性;对4号馏份、5号馏份进行薄层层析,发现馏份4、馏份5有两种Rf值相近的物质. 相似文献
9.
蛇床子提取物对茄子根际土壤中黄萎菌数量及植株抗病性的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验以茄子根际土壤黄萎菌为作用对象,采用浓度为2、4、8、10 mg/mL的蛇床子提取物,通过田间灌施,配合伤根接菌的方法处理茄子幼苗,探讨蛇床子提取物对根际土壤黄萎菌抑制作用及其对植株抗病性的影响.结果表明,不同浓度蛇床子提取物均可抑制茄子黄萎病的发生,其中浓度为8 mg/mL效果最为显著.与清水对照相比,根际土壤中的黄萎菌数量减少了56.67％～69.23％;茄子植株的发病率和病情指数分别减少了53.12％～54.98％、51.26％～56.82％;生长指标的增幅分别为:株高3.68％～9.59％、茎粗3.41％～9.98％、地上部鲜重4.43％～9.47％、根鲜重2.61％～9.57％、叶面积3.56％～9.55％;防御酶活性也有所增加,增幅分别为:过氧化物酶(POD)45.60％～64.23％、多酚氧化酶(PPO)108.62％～255.00％、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)62.32％～76.04％.上述结果表明,蛇床子提取物会抑制茄子黄萎病的发生,增加植株的抗病性,促进植株生长. 相似文献
10.
The acaricidal activity of materials derived from the rhizome of Cnidium officinale Makino against Tyrophagus putrescentiae Schrank adults was examined using direct contact application and fumigation methods, and compared with that of benzyl benzoate and N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET). The biologically active constituent of the Cnidium rhizome was identified as butylidenephthalide by spectroscopic analyses. On the basis of 24-h LD50 values, acaricidal activity was more pronounced with butylidenephthalide (5.80 microg cm(-2)) than with benzyl benzoate (9.75 microg cm(-2)) and DEET (16.26 microg cm(-2)). In typical poisoning symptoms, butylidenephthalide resulted in lethargy of treated mites, leading to death without knockdown, whereas benzyl benzoate and DEET caused death associated with uncoordinated behaviour. In a fumigation test with T. putrescentiae adults, butylidenephthalide was much more effective in closed containers than in open ones, indicating that the effects of this compound were largely due to action in the vapour phase. Naturally occurring C. officinale rhizome-derived materials merit further study as potential T. putrescentiae control agents or as lead compounds. 相似文献