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Cool-season grass mixtures are rarely evaluated for preference, yield, and persistence under horse grazing. The objectives of this research were to evaluate horse preference, forage yield, and persistence of cool-season grass mixtures under horse grazing. Eight commercially marketed and four experimental perennial cool-season grass mixtures were planted in 2009 in a randomized complete block with five replicates and grazed by four adult horses during 2010, 2011, and 2012. All mixtures contained four to six cool-season perennial grass species. Specie density measurements were taken in each spring and fall, and yield was mechanically measured before each grazing period. After grazing, preference was determined by visually assessing percentage of forage removal on a scale of 0 (no grazing) to 100 (100% of vegetation removed). Data were analyzed using a mixed-model analysis of variance and liner regression. Horses preferred mixtures containing tall fescue, perennial ryegrass, Kentucky bluegrass, and timothy (P < .001). Horses had less preference for mixtures containing ≥30% orchardgrass (P < .001). Mixtures had similar (P = .11) forage yields that ranged from 6,100 to 7,082 kg ha−1. After 2 years of grazing, orchardgrass and tall fescue increased; Kentucky bluegrass remained stable; and festulolium, meadow fescue, and perennial ryegrass had the greatest rate of decline in mixtures. Orchardgrass became the dominate species, regardless of initial percentage in the mixture. Mixtures containing tall fescue, perennial ryegrass, Kentucky bluegrass, and timothy should be planted in midwestern US horse pastures; however, mixtures will likely transition to tall fescue and Kentucky bluegrass–dominated pastures. 相似文献
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冷地型鸭茅营养动态的研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
本文对日本引入的９个冷地型鸭茅品种的营养动态进行了研究。其结果表明，９个鸭茅品种的粗蛋白质含量随生育期的进展逐渐下降，以抽穗期下降的速度为快；而粗纤维的含量变化恰好相反，随生育期的推移而逐渐增加，抽穗期的粗纤维含量明显增高；粗灰分的含量变化亦呈下降趋势，但下降幅度不大。鸭茅营养物质变化的转折点是在抽穗期 相似文献
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以冷季型草坪草草地早熟禾(Poa pratensis)的优异(Merit)、新哥来德(Nu Glade)、肯塔基(K.B.G)3个品种和紫羊茅(Festuca rubra)的两个品种宝瑞(Boreal)、梦神(rubra),共5个品种草坪草为研究对象,在人工遮阴控制下,对其成坪期耐阴性进行了比较。试验设置的遮阴处理分别是遮阴度22%、45%、66%、83%,以不遮阴的全光照为对照(CK)。结果表明,成坪期,随着遮阴度的提高,株高先增加后降低,各品种株高值达到最高时的遮阴度有差异,草地早熟禾在遮阴度为83%时均显著低于其他处理(P0.05);宝瑞在遮阴度为22%时根长极显著高于对照(P0.01),其他品种随着遮阴度的提高根长变短;遮阴使各品种的比叶重降低;遮阴度45%以上时,叶宽都显著小于对照(P0.05);随着遮阴度提高草地早熟禾枝条干重下降,紫羊茅先增加后降低。 相似文献
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Emily C. Glunk Craig C. Sheaffer Marcia R. Hathaway Krishona L. Martinson 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2014
The impact of horse preference and grass morphology on grazing muzzle effectiveness has not been investigated. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of grazing muzzle use at reducing forage intake when horses grazed grasses with different morphology and preferences. The study was conducted in 2012 and 2013. Four horses were grazed in 2012, and three horses were grazed in 2013. Four species of perennial cool-season grasses were grazed in 2012 including Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.), meadow fescue (Schedonorus pratensis Huds.), perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), and reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea L.). In 2013, only Kentucky bluegrass and reed canarygrass were grazed because of winter kill of other species. Horses were allowed to graze a small pasture seeded with an individual species for 4 hours each day in June and August of 2012 and August and September of 2013. Horses grazed the same grass species for two consecutive days, one day with a muzzle and one day without. Before and after each grazing, a strip was mechanically harvested to determine initial and residual herbage mass. The difference was used to estimate forage intake. The effectiveness of a grazing muzzle was not affected by forage species (P ≥ .05). Use of a grazing muzzle decreased the amount of forage consumed by an average of 30% compared with not using a grazing muzzle (P < .0001). Results will aid horse owners and professionals in estimating forage intake of muzzled horses on pasture. 相似文献
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二种冷季型草坪草对土壤干旱胁迫的生理反应 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用单因素设计对土壤持续干旱胁迫下多年生黑麦草、匍匐剪股颖的生理反应进行了研究.结果表明：随着干旱胁迫加剧,两种草坪草的草坪质量（TQ）、叶片相对含水量（RWC）呈降低趋势,叶片质膜相对透性（RPP）、脯氨酸（Pro.）含量呈增加趋势,叶绿素（Chl.）含量先增后减.经相关关系分析,两种草坪草的RWC、RPP、Pro.含量均与土壤含水量极显著相关,而在干旱胁迫的前期,Chl.含量与土壤含水量相关;Pro含量与RWC、RPP也极显著相关. 相似文献
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[目的]从冷季型草坪品种中筛选出适宜的草坪品种和品种搭配组合。[方法]根据历史研究资料,对3个草种的11个品种进行性状分析,其中草地早熟禾(Poa pretensis)包括午夜、康尼、抢手股、优异,高羊茅(Festuca arundinacea)包括可奇思、火龙、黄金岛、快乐岛,多年生黑麦草(Lolium perenne)包括萨卡尼、德比、托亚,最后确定利用3个草种中6个品种(午夜、康尼、可奇思、火龙、萨卡尼、德比)进行品种间性状观察和种植试验,共设计了8个组合处理,随机排列,3次重复。[结果]6个品种都可作为北过渡带种植的优良草坪品种。火龙50%+午夜30%+萨卡尼20%是比较理想的搭配组合,景观效果最佳,延长了草坪绿期,提高了草坪抗逆性。[结论]该研究可为延长草坪寿命,提高草坪观赏性提供科学依据。 相似文献
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麦洼牦牛冷季补饲试验研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
[目的]为了提高麦洼牦牛冷季成活率.[方法]在红原县的三个示范户中开展麦洼牦牛冷季补饲试验.补饲时间为2008年1～4月份,比较全群全期补饲青干草+精料模式与当地的传统的"少量补饲"模式的效果.试验牦牛分为1.5岁育成牛、6～8岁经产的空怀带犊母牛和6～8岁的经产怀孕母牛.分析的指标包括体重,体尺及死亡率.[结果]表明,尽管除了部分体尺指标外,大部分体重体尺指标均表现了"掉膘",但试验组育成牛与空怀母牛相对于对照组在体重上减少较少(P ＜0.05),试验组牛只的越冬死亡率及怀孕牛的初生流产、死亡率均比对照组明显降低.[结论]说明冷季补饲是十分必要的. 相似文献
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北方冷季型草坪草耐盐能力的测定 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
本项研究以我国北方地区硫酸盐-氧化物盐土主要含有的Na2SO4和NaCl对冷季型草坪草3个属的10个品种进行萌发期耐盐能力的评比,确定了测试品种种子发芽时耐盐的临界值,并依值的大小将耐盐性从强到弱进行排序,结果是:早熟禾品种以优异、梅里安和塞伯3个品种耐盐性较强,匍匐紫羊茅和匍茎翦股颖两品种的耐盐性强于细弱翦股颖和早熟禾各个品种。对主要建坪种的早熟禾品种在较重盐渍土壤(平均全盐含量0.617％)上进行了小区种植耐盐鉴定。通过对早熟禾6个品种在单位盐浓度上的盖度、地上、地下、植物量、草坪质量评比记分和萌发期耐盐能力的综合评比,筛选出评用质量化,耐盐能力强的品种是:优异、梅里安和爱肯尼。 相似文献
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