天水小陇山锐齿栎群落土壤全N分布特征及与生物多样性关系研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张俊华  王胜利  巨天珍  南忠仁 《干旱区资源与环境》2004,(Z2)

对天水小陇山锐齿栎群落不同演替阶段土壤全N含量进行了分析 ,探讨了土壤全N与群落生物多样性之间的关系 ,结果表明 :随发育阶段土壤全N含量呈稳定的变化趋势。发育中期 ,随多样性指数、均匀度指数、优势度指数的增加 ,全N含量呈“V”型变化趋势 ,随丰富度指数增加 ,全N含量呈逐渐减小趋势 ;发育后期 ,随着多样性指数、丰富度指数、优势度指数的增加 ,全N呈逐渐增加趋势 ,随着均匀度的增加 ,全N变化不明显 ;发育末期 ,多样性指数、均匀度指数、优势度指数趋于稳定 ,土壤全N含量不稳定 ,随丰富度指数的升高 ,全N有先升高后降低的趋势。  相似文献   

Effect of oak (Quercus persica) acorn level on apparent digestibility,ruminal fermentation,nitrogen balance and urinary purine derivatives in pregnant goats          下载免费PDF全文

H. Jafari  F. Fatahnia  A. Khatibjoo  G. Taasoli  H. Fazaeli  S. Varmaghany 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2018,102(4):882-891

The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effect of dietary oak (Quercus persica) acorn (OA) level on dry matter intake (DMI), apparent nutrient digestibility, nitrogen (N) utilization, ruminal fermentation, protozoa population and urinary purine derivatives (PD) during the last 60 days of goat pregnancy. Twenty‐four multiparous pregnant goats (41.7 ± 2.3 kg BW) were assigned to one of three experimental diets consisted of control diet (C, without OA) and diets containing 20 (OA₂₀) or 40 g/100 g of OA (OA₄₀) on a DM basis in a completely randomized block design. Goats fed OA₄₀ had lower DMI (p < .01), DM (p < .01), OM (p < .01) and NDF (p < .05) digestibility, ruminal NH₃‐N concentration (p < .01), N intake (p < .01) and N retention (p < .01). Crude protein digestibility and ruminal acetate and total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration were lower in animals fed OA‐contained diets (p < .01), whereas ruminal propionate concentration was higher in goats fed the C diet (p < .01). Animals fed OA₄₀ had higher faecal N excretion and lower urinary N excretion (p < .01). Urinary PD was lower in goats fed diets containing OA in relation to those fed the C diet (p < .01). Total protozoa population decreased linearly with increasing OA level in the diet (p < .05). These results suggest that feeding OA, especially high level, has negative impacts on DMI, nutrient digestibility, VFA concentration, N retention and urinary PD excretion that may have adverse effects on metabolism and performance of pregnant goats.  相似文献   

地表火对宝天曼栎类森林生态系统服务功能的影响研究     

刘晓静  朱学灵  田野  朱从波 《西部林业科学》2011,(3)

2008年4月至2010年6月采用时间序列代替空间序列的方法,对宝天曼栎类森林生态系统服务功能受地表火影响在不同时间的涵养水源、保育土壤、固碳释氧、生物保育、积累营养物质、负离子提供和森林病虫害防治等7个方面进行了初步评估。结果表明,地表火干扰造成宝天曼栎类森林生态系统服务功能损失的价值在时间序列上依次为1年是24.95万元.hm-2,5年是11.68万元.hm-2,10年是4.91万元.hm-2,15年是0.68万元.hm-2;各项服务功能价值量损失排序为保育土壤>涵养水源>病虫害防治>固碳释氧>积累营养物质>净化大气>生物保育,其中保育土壤和涵养水源两项的损失占总损失量的70%左右,这表明地表火主要影响宝天曼栎类森林生态系统中的保育土壤和涵养水源功能。  相似文献   

制造橡木桶用木材的微观结构研究     

邹毅  方基胜  高伟 《湖北农业科学》2016,(16):4193-4197

为比较制造橡木桶用木材的微观结构特征,选用10种橡木(Quercus L.)为试验材料,通过显微镜观察橡木的导管、木射线和轴向薄壁组织,分析常见橡木的共性与个性。结果表明,栓皮栎(Q.variabilis Bl.)导管内侵填体较少,液体流透性比较高;美国红橡(Q.rubra L.)管孔较大,与外界的空气接触过多,二者均不适合制造橡木桶。夏橡(Q.robur L.)、卢浮橡(Q.sessiliflora Salisb)、孚日橡(Q.pendunculata L.)、无梗花橡[Q.petraea(Matt.)Liebl.]、星毛橡(Q.stellata Wangenh)、美洲白橡(Q.alba L.)、沼生白橡(Q.bicolor Willd.)、蒙古栎(Q.mongolica Fisch.ex Ledeb)这8种橡木适合制造橡木桶,其共同特征是有合适的管孔大小,具有一定的透气性,可以与外界空气发生微氧反应;有丰富的侵填体,可以堵塞橡木桶内壁管孔,降低气体和液体在木材中的渗透性,从而保证陈酿过程中酒的口感。10种橡木的木射线和轴向薄壁组织无明显区别。为此,橡木的导管大小和侵填体多少是判定是否适合制造橡木桶的关键要素。  相似文献   

Recreational preferences depending on thinning practice in young even-aged stands of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.): comparing the opinions of forest and landscape experts and the general population of Denmark     

《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(7):668-676

The aim of this study was to investigate to which extent forestry professionals, other “green” professionals (mainly landscape architects) and natural resource students in Denmark agree with the general population regarding their recreational preferences for contrasting stem densities in young, even-aged stands of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.). The study was based on five pairs of colour photographs from each of the five recently thinned experimental plots in a 13-year-old stand. The plots represented five different residual stem densities: 7000 (unthinned), 5300 (traditional thinning), 1000, 300 and 100 stems ha^?1. All cut trees were left on the ground. The analysis was carried out as a survey of forest and landscape experts (n=158) and the general public (n=243) based on questionnaires. Interviewees ranked the photographs according to the criterion: “Which forest environment do you prefer as a visitor?” Principal component factor analysis showed that the general public tended to perceptually group photos according to similar overall pattern of openness, presence of row structure and stand accessibility (including presence/absence of slash). As long as a stand appeared accessible, stand density had little influence on their preferences for a wide range of stand densities (5300?300 stems ha^?1). In contrast, foresters, other “green” professionals and students seemed to perceptually group photos according to treatment type, and the presence of slash had little influence on their preferences. This suggests an influence of professional background, making experts visually analyse and evaluate stands according to contemporary management standards and paradigms within their own profession.  相似文献   

Testing variability in pathogenicity of Phytophthora cinnamomi     

Cécile Robin  Marie-Laure Desprez-Loustau 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1998,104(5):465-475

Forty eight isolates of Phytophthora cinnamomi from various host plants in France (35 isolates) and in other countries were tested for pathogenicity. Seedlings of chestnut, northern red oak, pine and eucalyptus were infected by soil contamination. Taproots, stems and bark strips of plants of chestnut and different oak species were inoculated with mycelium agar disks. Results of the different experiments were in good agreement. All isolates appeared pathogenic to all the different test species but with variable levels of virulence. Isolates with consistent low or high level of virulence, which could be used as standards in further studies, were identified. Interaction between P. cinnamomi isolates and host plant species was significant in terms of lesion lengths. These interactions could not be related to host from which P. cinnamomi was isolated. Consistent with this, in Quercus rubra, the isolate-provenance interaction was not significant. This feature is encouraging for provenance screening for resistance to P. cinnamomi in this species. The variation in virulence was not related to other isolate characteristics (mating type, electrophoretic type, age).  相似文献   

水泥混凝土路面与工程结构用软木伸缩缝填料   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

李大年 《林产化学与工业》1990,10(2):107-115

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木材纤维对软木制品性能的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

魏新莉  曹建文  张少飞 《林产工业》2007,34(1):19-20

软木是一种具有特殊性能的珍稀树皮资源。笔者将木材纤维与软木粒子均匀混合后,压制成厚度4mm的软木制品,探索木材纤维对软木制品性能的影响。实验结果显示:木材纤维的加入量为≤20％时,可以明显提高软木试件的抗拉强度,同时试件仍具有优良的可压缩性、较高的回弹率和良好的柔软性。  相似文献   

The dehesa: an agrosilvopastoral system of the Mediterranean region with special reference to the Sierra Morena area of Spain     

Richard Joffre  Jean Vacher  Carlos de los Llanos  Gilbert Long 《Agroforestry Systems》1988,6(1):71-96

A multidisciplinary team undertook a six-year investigation on the agro-ecological and socio-economic aspects of the dehesa system in the Sierra Norte area, a part of the Sierra Morena of the Sevilla Province, Western Andalusia, Spain. This paper summarizes its findings on the various agro-ecological features of the system and evaluates the system's functional aspects vis-a-vis the trends and developments in land use in the region over the past few centuries. The synergistic effects of tree cover on understorey grassland vegetation is discussed in terms of soil fertility build-up and favourable micro-climatic and hydrological features, and the potential use of this information in future research and development programmes to improve the dehesa system in the Mediterranean region is outlined.  相似文献   

水分胁迫对栓皮栎幼苗生理特性及生长的影响   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

谢会成  朱西存 《山东林业科技》2004,196(2):6-7

通过盆栽实验，研究了在不同的水分条件下栓皮栎幼苗生理特性的变化和苗木生长量的变化。研究表明，在水分胁迫初期，随土壤含水量的降低，栓皮栎叶片的净光合速率、蒸腾速率下降，而水分利用效率提高。在水分胁迫末期，由于长期的干旱胁迫，水分条件最差的一组苗木已干枯死亡，土壤含水量从38．123％下降到20．323％时，净光合速率和蒸腾速率均下降，水分利用效率也下降。随着土壤含水量的降低，苗高、地径和生物量均有下降的趋势，其中生物量下降的幅度最大。  相似文献