A releaser pheromone that attracts methyltestosterone- treated immature fish in the urine of ovulated female rainbow trout     

Hidenobu Yambe  Fumio Yamazaki 《Fisheries Science》2001,67(2):214-220

SUMMARY: Behavioral experiments concerning a releaser pheromone in the urine of female rainbow trout were performed using immature fish administered orally with 17α-methyltestosterone (MT) during the non-spawning season. The urine was collected by catheter. The frequency of entries of test fish was recorded in each channel scented by test and control solutions in a Y-maze trough. The behavior of both MT-treated and control fish demonstrated that they could not discriminate the differences between distilled and environmental water as control solutions. There was also no difference between MT-treated and control fish when distilled and environmental water were introduced. The MT-treated immature fish were attracted to the channel scented by ovulated female urine. Neither coelomic fluid nor the immature female urine had any effect on the behavioral responses of MT-treated fish, while immature control fish had no preference for the urine of ovulated females. These results suggest in rainbow trout that ovulated female urine contains a releaser pheromone to attract mature males, and that androgens are involved in the sensory mechanisms detecting the releaser pheromone in fish.  相似文献   

柞蚕肠液理化性质与饲料效率的相关性研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

孟宪民  姜德富 《蚕业科学》2001,27(1):80-82

对柞蚕肠液的理化性质与饲料效率的相关性进行研究的结果表明 :柞蚕肠液对促进蚕体抗病与消化吸收功能有着重要作用 ,平均每头蚕有肠液 1 76mL ,品种间开差为 0 78mL ,相对开差 5 7 80 % ,肠液量越多 ,饲料效率越高 ;柞蚕不同品种肠液pH平均值未发现明显差异 ,但强健好养饲料效率高的品种个体间开差小 ;柞蚕肠液缓冲力除与品种强健性有关外 ,还与品种的饲料效率呈正相关 ,在强健丰产与高饲料效率品种中 ,肠液恢复pH原值所需时间越短 ,饲料效率越高 ,电刺法取出肠液后 ,肠液恢复缓冲力所需时间是恢复其pH原值时间的 1 8倍多 ,同恢复肠液pH原值所需时间长短与品种强健性和饲料效率的关系完全一致。  相似文献   

Monitoring acute fluid shifts with bioelectrical impedance analysis: a review     

David J. Bordelon  DVMWayne E. Wingfield  MS  DVM  DACVECC  DACVS 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2002,12(3):153-161

  相似文献   

葡萄子油及原花青素研究与开发利用   总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14  

王辉宪  姜晖霞  王仁才  欧阳建文  熊兴耀 《果树学报》2005,22(5):542-547

综述了葡萄子油、葡萄子原花青素等天然产物的提取与保健作用的研究进展,原花青素的生物活性及药理研究的现状,葡萄子油成分分析方法和葡萄子,提取物中原花青素含量测定的方法;介绍了用超临界CO2萃取法制取高质量的葡萄子油和应用夹带剂提取葡萄子中的原花青素的方法。分析了葡萄子的综合开发的应用前景。  相似文献   

瘤胃液移植在反刍动物中的研究进展     

李岩  杨英魁  柴沙驼  王书祥 《动物营养学报》2023,(4):2105-2110

瘤胃液移植是一种将健康供体动物的瘤胃液转移给受体动物的技术。目前，针对瘤胃液移植的报道还相对有限，但越来越多的研究结果显示，瘤胃液移植可以影响反刍动物的干物质采食量、产奶量等，还具有重建瘤胃菌群结构的潜力。本文综述了瘤胃液移植的方法及实践中的应用研究，分析其对反刍动物生长性能、瘤胃发酵、瘤胃微生物区系的影响以及在治疗某些疾病方面的作用，为反刍动物瘤胃液移植的研究提供参考。  相似文献   

Transient bilateral blindness associated with presumptive idiopathic pachymeningitis in a 22-year-old Irish Sport Horse     

T. McGilvray  D. Berner  E. Beltran  C. Attipa  B. Dunkel 《Equine Veterinary Education》2021,33(2):e57-e60

A 22-year-old Irish Sport Horse presented following a period of bilateral blindness with subsequent spontaneous resolution. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated features consistent with pachymeningitis. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis revealed increased numbers of basophils, suggestive of an immunologic or neoplastic aetiology. It was suspected that the enlarged meninges led to compression of the optic nerves in the optic canals, causing bilateral blindness. Initial spontaneous remission, as seen in this case, has been reported in human patients with this condition. Pachymeningitis should be considered as a possible cause of cranial nerve deficits, including bilateral and unilateral blindness, in horses.  相似文献   

产前和产后香味剂印迹训练对仔猪断奶后采食偏好的影响及其机理     

张鑫  李方方  朱宇旌  郑丽莉  张勇 《动物营养学报》2015,(6)

仔猪断奶后受到心理、营养、环境等多方面的刺激,导致应激反应,影响仔猪的采食量。固体饲粮代替母乳是最大的应激源,通过在母猪饲粮中添加香味剂对仔猪产前和产后进行香味剂印迹训练,使仔猪逐渐喜欢这种气味,降低其对添加相同香味剂饲粮的应激反应,并对有相同气味的饲粮有采食偏好,从而提高仔猪的采食量。本文对产前和产后香味剂印迹训练对仔猪断奶后采食偏好的影响及其机理进行综述,为养猪业相关试验研究提供理论依据。  相似文献   

Vitamin and mineral supplementation and rate of gain during the first trimester of gestation affect concentrations of amino acids in maternal serum and allantoic fluid of beef heifers     

Ana Clara B Menezes  Kacie L McCarthy  Cierrah J Kassetas  Friederike Baumgaertner  James D Kirsch  Sheri Dorsam  Tammi L Neville  Alison K Ward  Pawel P Borowicz  Lawrence P Reynolds  Kevin K Sedivec  J Chris Forcherio  Ronald Scott  Joel S Caton  Carl R Dahlen 《Journal of animal science》2021,99(2)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of feeding vitamin and mineral (VTM) supplement and (or) rate of gain (GAIN) during early gestation on amino acid (AA) concentrations in allantoic fluid (ALF) and amniotic fluid (AMF) and maternal serum. Seventy-two crossbred Angus heifers (initial BW = 359.5 ± 7.1 kg) were randomly assigned to one of four treatments in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with main effects of VTM supplement (VTM or NoVTM) and rate of gain (GAIN; low gain [LG], 0.28 kg/d, vs. moderate gain [MG], 0.79 kg/d). The VTM treatment (113 g•heifer⁻¹•d⁻¹, provided macro and trace minerals and vitamins A, D, and E to meet 110% of the requirements specified by the NASEM in Nutrient requirements of beef cattle. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi:10.17226/19014, 2016) was initiated 71 to 148 d before artificial insemination (AI). To complete the factorial arrangement of treatments, at breeding heifers were either maintained on the basal diet (LG), or received MG diet which was implemented by adding a protein/energy supplement to the LG diet. Thirty-five gestating heifers with female fetuses were ovariohysterectomized on d 83 of gestation and maternal serum, ALF, and AMF were collected. Samples were analyzed for concentrations of neutral AA: Ala, Asn, Cys, Gln, Gly, Ile, Leu, Met, Phe, Pro, Ser, Thr, Trp, Tyr, and Val; cationic AA: Arg, His, and Lys; and anionic AA: Asp and Glu. In serum, a VTM × GAIN interaction (P = 0.02) was observed for Glu, with greater concentrations for VTM-LG than VTM-MG. Concentrations of serum Cys, Met, and Trp were greater (P ≤ 0.03) for MG than LG. In ALF, concentrations of Glu were affected by a VTM × GAIN interaction, where VTM-MG was greater (P < 0.01) than all other treatments. Further, ALF from VTM had increased (P ≤ 0.05) concentrations of His, Asp, and 12 of the 14 neutral AA; whereas GAIN affected concentrations of Arg, Cys, and Asp, with greater concentrations (P ≤ 0.05) in MG heifers. In AMF, AA concentrations were not affected (P ≥ 0.10) by VTM, GAIN, or their interaction. In conclusion, increased concentrations of AA in maternal serum and ALF of beef heifers were observed at d 83 of gestation in response to VTM supplementation and rate of gain of 0.79 kg/d, which raises important questions regarding the mechanisms responsible for AA uptake and balance between the maternal circulation and fetal fluid compartments.  相似文献   

物候期对放牧牦牛瘤胃液、牧草中脂肪酸及乳脂中共轭亚油酸组成的影响及其相关性分析     

潘发明  常生华  王国栋  郝生燕  刘佳  张辉元  徐银萍 《草业学报》2021,30(3):110-120

为研究牧草物候期对其脂肪酸组成和放牧牦牛乳中共轭亚油酸（CLA）含量的影响及其相关关系,本研究在甘肃省甘南牧区选取平均体重为（234.9±10.5） kg的10头带犊甘南牦牛作为研究对象（自然放牧）,分别于牧草返青期、盛草期、枯草期采集试验牦牛采食牧草、乳和瘤胃液,分别测定瘤胃液、牧草中脂肪酸及乳脂中共轭亚油酸组成,并分析其相关关系,以期探明牧草物候期对牦牛瘤胃液和牧草中脂肪酸组成与放牧牦牛乳中共轭亚油酸含量的影响及其变化规律。结果表明：物候期显著影响了牧草中月桂酸、肉豆蔻酸、棕榈酸、硬脂酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸、总脂肪酸、多不饱和脂肪酸、多不饱和脂肪酸/总脂肪酸（P<0.05）,盛草期牧草中月桂酸、肉豆蔻酸、棕榈酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸、总脂肪酸、多不饱和脂肪酸、多不饱和脂肪酸含量/总脂肪酸均显著高于返青期和枯草期（P<0.05）;物候期显著影响了牦牛乳中共轭亚油酸异构体c9t11、共轭亚油酸异构体t10c12和共轭亚油酸总含量（P<0.05）,盛草期放牧牦牛乳中共轭亚油酸异构体c9t11、共轭亚油酸异构体t10c12和共轭亚油酸总含量显著高于返青期和枯草期（P<0.05）;物候期显著影响了牦牛瘤胃pH值、乙酸、丙酸、乙酸/丙酸、异丁酸、丁酸、异戊酸、戊酸、总挥发酸和反式11-油酸含量（P<0.05）,盛草期牦牛瘤胃乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、戊酸总挥发酸和反式11-油酸含量显著高于返青期和枯黄期（P<0.05）;牧草粗蛋白、粗脂肪、无氮浸出物、单宁酸、总脂肪酸和瘤胃液pH值与放牧牦牛乳中CLA含量显著正相关（P<0.05）,粗纤维和粗灰分与放牧牦牛乳中CLA含量显著负相关（P<0.05）,多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）和瘤胃总挥发酸（TVFA）与放牧牦牛乳中CLA含量无显著相关关系（P>0.05）。  相似文献   

Cerebrospinal fluid flow in normal beagle dogs analyzed using magnetic resonance imaging     

Hyunju Cho  Yejin Kim  Saebyel Hong  Hojung Choi 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2021,22(1)

BackgroundDiseases related to cerebrospinal fluid flow, such as hydrocephalus, syringomyelia, and Chiari malformation, are often found in small dogs. Although studies in human medicine have revealed a correlation with cerebrospinal fluid flow in these diseases by magnetic resonance imaging, there is little information and no standard data for normal dogs.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to obtain cerebrospinal fluid flow velocity data from the cerebral aqueduct and subarachnoid space at the foramen magnum in healthy beagle dogs.MethodsSix healthy beagle dogs were used in this experimental study. The dogs underwent phase-contrast and time-spatial labeling inversion pulse magnetic resonance imaging. Flow rate variations in the cerebrospinal fluid were observed using sagittal time-spatial labeling inversion pulse images. The pattern and velocity of cerebrospinal fluid flow were assessed using phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging within the subarachnoid space at the foramen magnum level and the cerebral aqueduct.ResultsIn the ventral aspect of the subarachnoid space and cerebral aqueduct, the cerebrospinal fluid was characterized by a bidirectional flow throughout the cardiac cycle. The mean ± SD peak velocities through the ventral and dorsal aspects of the subarachnoid space and the cerebral aqueduct were 1.39 ± 0.13, 0.32 ± 0.12, and 0.76 ± 0.43 cm/s, respectively.ConclusionsNoninvasive visualization of cerebrospinal fluid flow movement with magnetic resonance imaging was feasible, and a reference dataset of cerebrospinal fluid flow peak velocities was obtained through the cervical subarachnoid space and cerebral aqueduct in healthy dogs.  相似文献