Identification of a Long Rice Spikelet Mutant     

WU Xian-jun  WANG Bin  HAN Zan-ping  XIE Zhao-hui  MOU Chun-hong  WANG Xu-dong 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2004,3(1)

A spontaneously occurring rice (Oryza sativa L. ) mutant, characterized by homeotic conversion in glumes and stamens, was found in the progeny of a cross. The mutant showed long glumes and glumaceous lodicules and morphological transformation of stamens into pistils. Mutant florets consisted of 1 to 3 completely developed pistils, some pistilloid stamens with filaments, but tipped by bulged tissue and 0 to 3 stigmas. It seens that the mutant phenotype of the homeotic conversions in glumes and stamens is similar to that of the B loss-of-function mutants in Arabidopsis and Antirrhinum. The mutant is controlled by a single recessive gene as a segregation ratio of 3:1 (wild type to mutant plants) was observed in the F2 generation.  相似文献   

银条茎尖培养快繁及离体根状茎的诱导   总被引：2，自引：3，他引：2  

张国裕  程智慧  李娟  周文安  王新华 《园艺学报》2004,31(1):106-108

 以银条‘二细一粗’品种为试材, 研究了蔗糖浓度、激素组合对茎尖培养和快速繁殖的影响及温度、光照、蔗糖浓度等因素对根状茎离体诱导的影响。结果表明: 茎尖培养较理想的培养基为MS + 蔗糖4 % + 6-BA 0.5 mg·L ^{- 1} + NAA 0.1 mg·L ^{- 1} , 成苗率可达74.0 %。茎尖增殖较适培养基为MS + 6-BA 3.0 mg·L ^{- 1} + NAA 0.5 mg·L ^{- 1} , 每个外植体平均可产生5.6 个芽。根状茎诱导以MS + 蔗糖10 % + 6-BA 510 mg·L ^{- 1}+ CCC 500 mg·L ^{- 1}培养基, 20 ℃全黑暗培养效果最好。  相似文献   

菱传粉生物学研究     

李双梅  柯卫东  彭静  黄新芳  李明华 《中国蔬菜》2019,1(8):54-58

以6 个菱品种为试材，对花器形态特征、群体花期及单花开花动态、开花时间、柱头可授性、花粉活力、杂交指数 及传粉形式等进行观察测定。结果表明：菱花单生，两性，单花花期15 h，群体花期在5～10 月，盛花期在7～8 月；不同 品种在一天中的开花高峰期存在差异；柱头可授期主要在萼片开裂后2 h 内，结实率在50% 以上；花粉在自然授粉条件下活 力可保持7.5 h；以自花授粉为主，同时存在一定程度的无融合生殖和少量异花授粉。  相似文献   

Summer drought decreases Leymus chinensis productivity through constraining the bud,tiller and shoot production     

Junfeng Wang  Yujie Shi  Yunna Ao  Dafu Yu  Jiao Wang  Song Gao  Johannes M. H. Knops  Chunsheng Mu  Zhijian Li 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2019,205(6):554-561

Extreme drought events can directly decrease productivity in perennial grasslands. However, for rhizomatous perennial grasses it remains unknown how drought events influence the belowground bud bank which determines future productivity. Ninety‐day‐long drought events imposed on Leymus chinensis, a rhizomatous perennial grass, caused a 41% decrease in the aboveground biomass and a 28% decrease in belowground biomass. Aboveground biomass decreased due to decrease in both the parent and the daughter shoot biomass. The decreases in daughter shoot biomass were due to reductions in both the shoot number and each individual shoot weight. Most importantly, drought decreased the bud bank density by 56%. In addition, drought induced a bud allocation change that decreased by 41% the proportion of buds that developed into shoots and a 41% increase in the buds that developed into rhizomes. Above results were supported by our field experiment with watering treatments. Thus, a 90‐day‐long summer drought event decreases not only current productivity but also future productivity, because the drought reduces the absolute bud number. However, plasticity in plant development does partly compensate for this reduction in bud number by increasing bud development into rhizomes, which increases the relative allocation of buds into future shoots, at the cost of a decrease in current shoots.  相似文献   

春兰AGL6基因的克隆及实时定量表达分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孙崇波  向林  施季森  胡凤荣  郭方其  秦德辉 《分子植物育种》2010,8(5)

本研究采用RT-PCR结合RACE技术从春兰(Cymbidium goeringii)中分离到一个AGL6基因。序列分析表明,该基因含有一个729bp长的开放阅读框(ORF),共编码242个氨基酸。系统进化树分析显示,该基因属于MADS-box基因家族AP1/AGL9组的AGL6同源基因,其编码的蛋白与其它植物AGL6类蛋白具有较高的同源性,命名为CgAGL6(基因登录号为HM208533)。实时荧光定量表达分析表明,CgAGL6基因春兰不同组织中均有表达,其中在唇瓣、花芽和子房中的表达量较高,在花瓣和萼片中的表达量次之,在根、叶和蕊柱中的表达量最低,显示了CgAGL6基因可能在春兰成花转变和花器官的形成过程中起着重要作用。  相似文献   

Plant somatic mutations in nature conferring insect and herbicide resistance     

Daniel Simberloff  Christy Leppanen 《Pest management science》2019,75(1):14-17

Because of the role of the meristem in plant growth and reproduction, somatic mutations in plants have long been suspected of conferring herbivore and pathogen resistance on individual plants and, in the case of trees, individual branches within single plants. A few instances of resistance to phytophagous insects owing to somatic mutations have been reported in the literature. More recently, a striking example has demonstrated how somatic mutations confer resistance to an herbicide on an invasive plant, Hydrilla verticillata. The array of new methods for manipulating genomes (e.g., gene‐editing) plus existing examples of somatic mutation‐associated resistance suggest that such mutations might be useful in silviculture, agriculture, and horticulture. Answering several general questions about somatic mutations in plants would facilitate such applications: Why are so few examples reported? Do other cases exist but go undetected for want of adequate attention or methods? Under what circumstances do somatic mutations enter gametophytes? © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

重要观赏植物花发育的分子机理   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

连莉娟  袁丽丽  刘青林 《中国农业科技导报》2012,14(1):57-64

花是观赏植物重要的经济器官,控制花发育的基因包括花序分生组织特性基因、花分生组织特性基因、花器官特性(同源异型)基因等。全面回顾了观赏植物花发育基因调控的分子机理,重点介绍了花器官发育的ABCDE模型和四因子模型,以及月季、百合等重要观赏植物的花器官特性基因。从基因资源和观赏性状等方面,提出了观赏植物花期花型分子育种的策略,为进一步探索观赏植物花发育的分子机理,定向控制观赏植物的花期花型奠定了基础。  相似文献   

Identification of Petunia hybrida cultivars that diurnally emit floral fragrances     

Kiriko Nakamura  Kiyoshi Matsubara  Hitoshi Watanabe  Hisashi Kokubun  Yoshihiro Ueda  Naomi Oyama-Okubo  Masayoshi Nakayama  Toshio Ando 《Scientia Horticulturae》2006

In order to identify genetic resources for breeding fragrant petunias for use as bedding plants, volatile compounds released by day from the flowers of 40 commercial Petunia hybrida cultivars were analyzed using a solid-phase micro-extraction technique coupled with GC–MS. The three cultivars with solid deep-blue flowers that accumulate malvidin in corollas with high tissue pH were found to emit abundant iso-eugenol as the principal floral fragrance. Several other cultivars that emitted considerable amounts of methylbenzoate and/or benzylbenzoate from the flower were also identified. Association between the floral fragrance and the other floral traits such as floral anthocyanin composition and corolla-tissue pH was discussed.  相似文献   

月季功能基因研究与应用进展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

谢吉容  程再全  唐开学  黄兴奇  梁国鲁 《北方园艺》2007,(8):65-69

月季是花中皇后.为了充分利用月季优良农艺性状的相关基因来培育具有新奇花色、浓郁芳香、瓶插期长、抗逆性强的新品种,对月季功能基因研究方法、花色代谢相关基因、花香相关基因、乙烯信号传导相关基因、抗根癌病和白粉病基因的研究进展加以综述;对月季转基因育种发展前景做了评价.  相似文献   

蝴蝶兰花芽诱导过程中碳水化合物在叶与腋芽中的分配变化   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

黄胜琴  李永涛  吕翠婷  雷洪波  叶庆生 《园艺学报》2007,34(6):1515-1519

 研究了粉色蝴蝶兰（KM 833）在两个不同条件下处理（处理组：人工气候箱日/夜温25℃/20℃；对照组：温室大棚生长条件）过程中叶片和腋芽中碳水化合物在叶与腋芽中的分配变化。结果发现对照的蝴蝶兰新叶开始时面积增长较快，但最后的叶面积的大小基本相同，处理组的单位叶面积干样质量在15 d后超过对照组；处理组蝴蝶兰叶片还原糖含量在20 d达到1个小高峰后下降，在30 d后开始急剧上升,至50 d达到最大值(31.08 mg·g^-1DM)，对照组的蝴蝶兰叶片还原糖含量在整个试验期间则较为恒定且缓慢地增长，腋芽中的还原糖含量则随时间而下降；两种处理蝴蝶兰叶片的可溶性糖和淀粉含量均随着时间的进程而逐步升高，处理组的蝴蝶兰腋芽中的可溶性糖和淀粉含量则在处理15 d内有个快速增加后缓慢下降，对照组腋芽的三类碳水化合物在处理期间处于上升趋势。无论在叶还是腋芽中,诱导组的碳水化合物含量均高于对照组。  相似文献