巧妙的象征 深刻的内涵 --曼斯菲尔德的《苍蝇》赏析     

武士杰 《金陵科技学院学报》2001,17(4):86-88

曼斯菲尔德是20世纪初英国最具才华的小说家之一,其作品<苍蝇>应用象征主义手法,挖掘了苍蝇这个形象在不同层面上的象征意义.苍蝇的命运折射出当时弥漫西方的幻灭意识.<苍蝇>突破了传统小说的格局,为现代小说的发展奠定了基础.  相似文献   

Phosphorus bioavailability in ash from straw and sewage sludge processed by low‐temperature biomass gasification     

《Soil Use and Management》2018,34(1):9-17

Reuse of phosphorus (P) from waste streams used for bioenergy conversion is desirable to reduce dependence on nonrenewable P resources. Two different ash materials from low‐temperature biomass gasification of wheat straw and sewage sludge, respectively, were investigated with regard to their P bioavailability. A set of pot experiments with spring barley was carried out to compare the ash P fertiliser value with mineral P fertiliser and the sewage sludge feedstock. An indirect radioactive labelling approach with ³³P was used to determine the amount of P taken up from the fertiliser materials. Depending on the application rate, straw gasification ash produced a fertiliser response comparable to mineral P. However, P uptake from the ash was generally less than uptake from equivalent amounts of mineral P, and the calculated relative effectiveness was 44% after 6 weeks of plant growth. In contrast, the P fertiliser value of Fe‐rich sewage sludge after low‐temperature gasification was practically zero. These results suggest that ash from low‐temperature gasification could be developed into alternative P fertilisers; however, as the P bioavailability depends greatly on the feedstock used, a greater emphasis on feedstock composition is required.  相似文献   

Application of body size spectra to nematode trait-index analyses     

《Soil biology & biochemistry》2015

Current trait-based indices of soil fauna for assessing soil quality rely on extensive knowledge of life history traits for hyper-diverse groups. We look at the effects of clear-cut forest harvesting and subsequent wood ash application on the free-living nematode community using trait-based indices and body size spectra. We test the hypothesis that body size is a unifying trait and that the body size spectra can be used to demonstrate changes in soil quality while overcoming taxonomic impediments. Undisturbed boreal forest floor soils were compared with clear-cut sites amended with zero, one-half calcium equivalent wood ash, equivalent calcium reintroduction, and twice calcium reintroduction. Total abundance, trait-based metrics for the Maturity Index, and two metrics of body size spectra were calculated. Nematode abundance was not a good indicator of soil disturbance, while traditional trait-based approaches (the summed Maturity Index) demonstrated predicted changes in community structure. Analysis of two types of body size spectra elucidated how the community had changed under disturbance, and revealed that smaller bodied organisms were lost under ash amended treatments compared to both clear-cut and undisturbed forest. Using the body size spectra for nematodes is a simple addition to current trait-based approaches that can supplement soil assessments for disturbance and quality without requiring taxonomic expertise.  相似文献   

Property of Protecting Reinforcing Steel Bar in Fly Ash Cement     

WU Jian-hu  PU Xin-cheng  LIU Fang  WANG Chong 《保鲜与加工》2005,(6):57-59

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外加剂和掺和料对砂浆性能影响的     

曾力  孙永波 《中国农村水利水电》2005,(11):75-76

当前，在水工棍凝土工程中，抹而砂浆的强度和抗渗性能越来越受到人们的重视通过对比试验，研究了减水剂、引气剂单掺、复掺及与硅粉、粉煤灰复掺，对砂浆强度和抗渗性能的影响，并从机理方面分析它们改善砂浆性能的原因结论是:减水剂、引气剂与硅粉、粉煤灰适当配比复掺，对砂浆的强度和抗渗性能的改善显著  相似文献   

粉煤灰和碳酸钙对As（Ⅲ）污染土壤上小麦产量性状及麦株As含量的影响     

邵云  ;李万昌  ;侯小丽  ;姜丽娜  ;姚利娇  ;李春喜  ;李建民 《农业环境保护》2009,(9):1784-1788

随着经济的发展,土壤As污染问题日益严重。采用露天盆栽试验方法,研究了在As（Ⅲ）污染土壤上,添加粉煤灰和碳酸钙对小麦成熟期产量及其性状、小麦根、茎叶和籽粒As含量的影响,并探讨了粉煤灰和碳酸钙对土壤As（Ⅲ）污染修复的有效方法。结果表明,在土壤中添加100g·kg^-1的粉煤灰或1．0g·kg^-1的碳酸钙能使小麦株高、结实小穗数、穗粒数、千粒重和产量增加。与对照相比,在As（Ⅲ）污染土壤上,100g·kg^-1的粉煤灰处理显著地增加了小麦产量（P〈0．05）,极显著地降低了小麦籽粒As含量（P〈0．01）;1．0g·kg^-1的碳酸钙处理极显著地增加了小麦的穗粒数、千粒重和产量（P〈0．01）,显著地降低了根中As含量（P〈0．05）,极显著地降低了籽粒As含量（P〈0．01）。因此,在As（Ⅲ）污染土壤上,添加100g·kg^-1的粉煤灰或1．0g·kg^-1的碳酸钙能使小麦产量升高,籽粒As含量下降,有效地缓解As（Ⅲ）对小麦的毒害。  相似文献   

不同小生境对喀斯特山区花椒林表土团聚体有机碳和活性有机碳分布的影响   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

廖洪凯  龙健  李娟 《水土保持学报》2012,26(1):156-160

以贵州西南部典型喀斯特地区花椒林下的石缝、石沟、石洞、石槽、石坑及一般土壤为研究对象,对0-20cm土层土壤团聚体有机碳和活性有机碳分布特征进行分析。结果表明,与一般土壤相比,石沟和石坑明显增加了原状土壤和各粒径团聚体土壤有机碳及活性有机碳的含量,而石槽和石洞则有所降低。除石沟外,有机碳含量较高的土壤主要增加了>5mm粒级团聚体含量。随着土壤团聚体粒径的降低,有机碳和活性有机碳呈"∨"形分布,并在<0.25mm粒级达到最大。团聚体对土壤有机碳和活性有机碳的贡献出现2个峰值,分别在5～2mm和1～0.5mm 2个粒级中出现,而<0.25mm团聚体对有机碳和活性有机碳的贡献率最低。相关性分析表明,土壤团聚体活性有机碳含量与土壤团聚体总有机碳含量呈极显著正相关关系(r=0.796),团聚体活性有机碳可以作为衡量喀斯特山区土壤团聚体有机碳动态的一个敏感性指标。  相似文献   

3种改良剂对油菜生物量及其吸收重金属的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李丽君  张强  白光洁  刘平  丁玉川  聂督  武文丽 《水土保持学报》2012,26(5):154-159

通过连续三季盆栽试验研究粉煤灰、膨润土、腐殖酸提高油菜生物量,降低油菜Cd、Pb、Cu、Zn浓度的效果。结果表明,膨润土、腐殖酸、粉煤灰的施入提高油菜生物量的效果第二季好于第一、三季。仅考虑对生物量的影响,改良剂效果为膨润土>腐殖酸>粉煤灰。第二季膨润土降低油菜Cd浓度效果较好;第二季粉煤灰、第二季膨润土及第二、三季腐殖酸降低油菜Pb浓度效果较好,3种改良剂均有降低油菜中Pb浓度的效果;3种改良剂均未显著影响油菜中Cu浓度;第二季膨润土降低油菜Zn浓度效果较好。3种改良剂抑制土壤重金属进入油菜的效果不同,应用时可根据改良剂特点适时施入土壤,充分发挥改良剂吸附、固定重金属的作用。  相似文献   

粉煤灰和聚丙烯酰胺固沙效果的风洞试验   总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1  

杨凯  唐泽军  赵智  封建章  郭平  丁涛 《农业工程学报》2012,28(4):54-59

寻找经济高效的固沙措施对于防治风沙危害具有重要意义。该文采用室内风洞试验,研究了不同粉煤灰施用率(10%,20%和30%)的固沙效果及在粉煤灰最佳施用率的基础上不同聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)施用率(0.05%和0.1%)对其的强化作用。试验研究结果表明,沙土施加粉煤灰后起动风速显著提高,施加PAM进一步小幅提高其起动风速;粉煤灰施用率为20%的沙土可以最有效地抵御8m/s净风和风沙流历时10min的吹蚀;施加粉煤灰的沙土在14m/s净风和风沙流历时10min的吹蚀条件下发生中度风蚀,其风蚀率随着粉煤灰施用率的增大而呈逐步降低的趋势;施加粉煤灰和PAM的沙土可以有效地抵御14m/s风沙流历时30min的吹蚀;从经济意义上考虑,推荐粉煤灰施用率为20%和PAM施用率为0.05%的用量水平处理用于风蚀防治。  相似文献   

生物质灰渣与化肥混合对氨挥发的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

黄容  高明  廖燕妮  王丹  邓炜  叶夏依 《土壤学报》2014,51(5):1160-1167

采用室内恒温培养,碱液吸收法测定灰渣-化肥中氮的挥发量,研究了锯木灰、谷壳灰、玉米灰、水稻灰分别与不同化肥配比下,在一定时间内的氨挥发规律。结果表明:四种灰渣在N1、N2、N3水平下,随着时间的增加氨的挥发量和挥发率呈先增大后减小的趋势,各处理的峰值多出现在10~15 d的培养阶段;谷壳灰、玉米灰、水稻灰添加磷酸二氢钾能明显抑制混合物中氨的挥发,而锯木灰添加氯化钾、磷酸二氢钾均能抑制氨的挥发;在四种灰渣中,锯木灰处理的氨挥发率明显高于其他三种灰渣,特别是在N3水平下比同期的其他灰渣处理高5倍。Elovich方程和抛物线扩散方程均能较好拟合氨的挥发量随时间的变化,其相关系数均达到极显著水平。  相似文献