蛋白质组学研究技术及其在果树学中的应用   总被引：7，自引：3，他引：7  

曹尚银  张秋明  郭俊英  陈玉玲 《果树学报》2005,22(2):138-142

蛋白质组研究是当今生命科学发展的一个新的增长点,它能阐明基因组所表达的真正执行生命活动的全 部蛋白质的表达规律和生物功能。简要介绍了蛋白质组学产生的科学背景、研究方法和研究内容。蛋白质组学研究 方法主要有双向聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(2D-PAGE)、质谱(Mass-spectrometric)技术、蛋白质芯片(Protein chips)技术、酵母 双杂交系统(Yeast two-hybrid system)、双向高效柱层析和生物信息学等。其应用的范围包括植物群体遗传学、在个体 水平上植物对生物和非生物环境的适应机制、植物的发育和组织器官的分化过程,以及不同亚细胞结构在生理生态 过程中的作用等诸多方面。同时展望了植物蛋白质组学研究前景以及蛋白质组学技术在果树学中的应用前景。  相似文献   

Characteristics for Practical Use of Attenuated Isolate UA-Fukushima of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Tomato mosaic virus</Emphasis>     

Tsutomu MATSUMOTO  Yuichiro NARA  Hiromitsu FURUYA  Harumi TAKAHASHI  Kiichi TAIRAKO  Hideki YAMAMOTO 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2002,68(4):382-384

L₁₁A-Fukushima (L₁₁A-F) derived from attenuated isolate LuA of Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) has the highest ability to cross protect against virulent ToMV among LuA and its derivatives and is stably inherited. Growth, yield, fruit quality and symptom attenuation of inoculated tomato plants did not differ significantly between L₁₁A-F and L₁₁A. The infectivity of progeny viruses in tomato infected with LuA-F was less than 4% of that with virulent ToMV. From these results, L₁₁A-F appears to possess the properties necessary for practical use. To manage L₁₁A-F strictly, a PCR-based assay to detect trace contamination of virulent ToMV in L₁₁A-F preparations was established. Received 10 June 2002/ Accepted in revised form 30 October 2002  相似文献   

Pathogenicity and Virulence of the Two Dutch VCGs of Verticillium dahliae to Woody Ornamentals     

J.C. Goud  A.J. Termorshuizen 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2002,108(8):771-782

Two experiments were performed in two consecutive years to test whether isolates of different vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs) differ in their ability to cause disease in woody ornamentals, to study the host specificity of the isolates and to get an insight into disease development in woody hosts. A range of woody ornamental plant species, including Acer campestre, Acer platanoides, Acer pseudoplatanus, Catalpa bignonioides, Cotinus coggygria, Robinia pseudoacacia, Rosa canina, Syringa vulgaris and Tilia cordata, were root-dip inoculated with six isolates of Verticillium dahliae, belonging to the two VCGs that occur in the Netherlands (VCG NL-1 and VCG NL-2). Isolates belonging to each VCG caused severe symptoms of verticillium wilt in most plant species tested. Disease progress differed between plant species, but was generally the same for the two VCGs. No overall differences in virulence were observed between the two VCGs for external wilt symptoms, number of dead plants, or shoot length. No significant VCG × plant species interactions were present for these characteristics. However, isolates of VCG NL-1 caused more vascular discolouration than did isolates of VCG NL-2. Isolates within VCGs often differed considerably in their virulence to certain hosts, as shown by highly significant isolate × plant species interactions. Isolates were more virulent on their original host. These findings imply that VCG identification does not contribute to disease prediction for a range of woody hosts.  相似文献   

昆虫病原线虫固体培养系统中主要培养参数的优化     

韩日畴  李丽英 《昆虫天敌》1997,19(2):75-83

本文根据系统分析方法，利用正交旋转组合设计于固体培养系统中测定培养基的样量、细菌培养时间、接线虫量和线虫培养时间对Ｓｔｅｉｎｅｒｎｅｍａｃａｒｐｏｃａｐｓａｅ 和Ｈｅｔｅｒｏｒｈａｂｄｉｔｉｓｂａｃｔｅｉｐｈｏｒａ产量的综合影响，确定虫的优化培养参数。  相似文献   

Evaluation of cross-protection with an attenuated isolate of Bean yellow mosaic virus by differential detection of virus isolates using RT-PCR     

Eiko Nakazono-Nagaoka  Chikako Sato  Yoshitaka Kosaka  Tomohide Natsuaki 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2004,70(6):359-362

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Histological and proteomics analysis of apple defense responses to the development of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides on leaves     

《Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology》2015

Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc. is an important fungal pathogen known to cause glomerella leaf spot (GLS). The objective of this study was to analyze the infection of C. gloeosporioides on leaves of apple cv. Fuji (resistant) and cv. Gala (susceptible) and apply proteomics techniques to study the apple defense responses 48 h after inoculation (h.a.i.). On both of cultivars, C. gloeosporioides started to germinate at 3 h.a.i. on adaxial surface and produced appressoria adhering to epidermal cell juxtapositions. Histological analysis showed more stratified parenchyma in leaves of cv. Fuji than cv. Gala associated with differences in the chemical composition of cell walls. Total and unique proteins expressed by cvs. Fuji and Gala at 3, 12, 24 and 48 h.a.i. were detected by comparative proteomes analysis. A total of 42 unique proteins expressed at 24 and 48 h.a.i. were identified by MALDI/TOF mass spectrometry, and most of these proteins were identified as directly involved in defense responses.  相似文献   

Effects of germination and kilning on the phenolic compounds and nutritional properties of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) and kiwicha (Amaranthus caudatus)     

《Journal of Cereal Science》2020

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) and kiwicha (Amaranthus caudatus) are nutritious pseudocereals that originate from the Andean region. The aim of this research was to study the effect of germination and the subsequent kilning on the phenolic compounds and proximate composition in selected Peruvian varieties of quinoa (“Chullpi”) and kiwicha (“Oscar Blanco”). The germination process was carried out for 24, 48 and 72 h at 22 °C, and the kilning was performed with samples germinated for 72 h by drying the seeds at 90 °C for 5 min. Both processes increased the protein content of the samples. However, lipid content was reduced during germination. On the other hand, germination and kilning clearly increased the concentration of total phenolic compounds in both quinoa and kiwicha. Germination for 72 h either with or without kilning process resulted in a significant (p < 0.05) increase in the total content of phenolics compared to untreated materials, which was especially due to coumaric acid and a kaempferol tri-glycoside in quinoa and caffeoylquinic acid in kiwicha. Based on the results, germination and kilning may improve the nutritional quality of the Andean grains, encouraging the usage of the processed grains as ingredients in functional products for people with special gluten-free or vegetarian diets.  相似文献   

辽葱5号的选育     

杜雪晶  崔连伟  孙永生  贾俊香  张耀莉  李珊 《杂粮作物》2012,(3)

辽葱5号是以玉田县五叶齐大葱为母本、朝阳鳞棒葱为父本进行有性杂交，对杂交后代进行季节穿梭选择的方法，即用3年时间进行了3个世代的以株为单位的混合选择及以株系为单位的选择，最后留选1个经济性状整齐、生殖性状稳定的雄性可育母系，经系内混合授粉育成的大葱新品种。该葱生长旺盛、秋葱产量高、葱白较长、叶片直立性好、抗紫斑病能力较强，适合长季节栽培，生育期在120d以上，属中晚熟品种。冬贮干葱可食用率高，适宜北方各省、区种植。  相似文献   

Diagnostic Imaging of the Respiratory Tract of the Reptile Patient     

《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Exotic Animal Practice》2021,24(2):293-320

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初乳真空冷冻干燥传热传质系数测定与分析     

李云飞  王成芝 《农业机械学报》1997,28(2):96-100

应用准稳态传热传质理论，在考虑水蒸气扩散对传热作用情况下，分别建立了奶牛初乳在真空冷冻干燥中多孔干燥层有效导热系数，冻结层导热系数和水蒸气扩散系数的测试模型，利用在冻干机上测取的试验数据，回归得到初乳的传热系数与水蒸气扩散系数，分析了压力与系数间的关系，结果表明，在１０Ｐａ～１２０Ｐａ范围内，干燥层有效导热系数随压力增大而增加，尤其在１０Ｐａ～６０Ｐａ范围内更为明显，而水蒸气扩散系数随压力的改变变  相似文献