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The extract of the plant Rheum officinale Baill, mainly containing the anthraquinones physcion and chrysophanol, is highly active against plant powdery mildew. Experiments were conducted in the laboratory and greenhouse to determine the interaction of the two compounds on cucumber powdery mildew [Sphaerotheca fuliginea (Schlecht.) Poll] and on wheat powdery mildew [Blumeria graminis (DC.) Speer f. sp. tritici Marchal]. Physcion was much more bioactive than chrysophanol against these powdery mildews. There was a significant synergistic interaction between the two compounds on the diseases when the ratios of physcion to chrysophanol ranged from 1:9 to 5:5. The synergistic degree increased with increase in the chrysophanol proportion in the combination. The findings indicate that, in order to ensure constant efficacy of the extract on the disease, both the contents and the proportion of the main active ingredients physcion and chrysophanol have to be determined. 相似文献
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用分别含1%(质量分数)的大黄、穿心莲、板蓝根和金银花水提取物的饵料连续28d饲喂异育银鲫(Carassiusauratusgibelio),在不同时间取样,测定其血液白细胞的吞噬活性、血清和体表粘液的溶菌酶活性。结果表明,大黄、穿心莲、板蓝根和金银花可使异育银鲫血液白细胞的吞噬活性有明显提高。投喂药饵后4d,吞噬百分比(PP)与对照组相比均有极显著差异(P<0.01);投喂药饵后4d或7d,吞噬指数(IP)与对照组相比有显著(P<0.05)或极显著差异;在停投药饵后的10d,PP、IP与对照组相比仍有极显著差异。同时,投喂这4种中草药后,异育银鲫血清和体表粘液溶菌酶的活性也有明显提高,但体表粘液溶菌酶活性远远高于血清中溶菌酶活性。投喂药饵7d后,溶菌酶的活性与对照组之间有极显著差异;但在停止投药后10d,溶菌酶的活性与对照组之间无显著差异(P>0.05)。 相似文献
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大黄蒽醌提取物对罗氏沼虾抗鳗弧菌感染的研究 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
将罗氏沼虾随机分成5组,每组三个平行,每个平行约1000尾(个体均重1g左右),第1组为对照组,投喂基础日粮,另外4组为试验组,在基础日粮中分别添加0.05%、0.1%、0.2%、0.4%大黄蒽醌提取物,饲养6周后对罗氏沼虾进行鳗弧菌(Vibrio anguillarum)感染.测定生长以及0、12、24、48h血清和肝胰腺溶菌酶、丙二醛(MDA)、总抗氧化能(T-AOC)以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)等指标.生长试验表明,与对照组相比,0.1%组、0.4%组罗氏沼虾的增重率、特定生长率显著提高,饵料系数显著降低.攻毒试验Ⅰ表明,各组48h内罗氏沼虾血清溶菌酶活性、肝胰腺溶菌酶含量、血清T-AOC均呈先升高后降低趋势,其中它们的最大值分别出现于0.4%组的12h、0.2%组24h、0.1%组12h;肝胰腺SOD活力呈上升趋势,而血清MDA则一直下降.攻毒试验Ⅱ表明,大黄蒽醌提取物能有效地降低试验组罗氏沼虾的死亡率,提高免疫保护率,其中0.4%组的保护效果为最佳.因此,在饲料中添加大黄蒽醌提取物降低罗氏沼虾对病原的敏感性,增强机体抗病力,促进生长. 相似文献
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Rheum undulatum root has been used traditionally in Korea for the treatment of dental diseases. The purpose of this study was to separate a fraction from R. undulatum showing anti-acid production activity against Streptococcus mutans biofilms and identify the main components in that fraction. Methanol extract of R. undulatum root and its fractions were prepared. To select a fraction exhibiting anti-acid production activity, suspension glycolytic pH-drop assay was performed. Among the fractions tested, dichloromethane fraction exhibited the strongest activity in a dose-dependent manner. To examine the effect of the selected fraction on the anti-acid production of S. mutans biofilms, 74 h old S. mutans biofilms were used. The selected fraction reduced the initial rate of acid production of S. mutans biofilms at sub-minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) levels. HPLC qualitative analysis of the selected fraction indicated that the presence of anthraquinone derivatives, such as aloe-emodin, emodin, chrysophanol and physcion, as main components. 相似文献
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微波萃取与常规提取方法对大黄总蒽醌提取率的影响 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
试验研究了大黄总蒽醌的微波辅助提取、超声提取和索氏提取方法，并利用分光光度法测定了提取液中总蒽醌的含量。结果表明：微波辅助提取法的提取率最高(1．91％)，是超声法的1．13倍，是索氏提取法的1．29倍。微波辅助提取法仅需10min，而索氏法和超声法分别需要90，30min。微波辅助提取法用于中药大黄的提取，具有高效、省时的特点。 相似文献
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以掌叶大黄无菌苗为材料,研究不同外源激素浓度及配比对试管苗生根、愈伤组织诱导及增殖的影响。结果表明:掌叶大黄的根、茎、叶均可作为诱导愈伤组织的材料。2,4-D诱导愈伤组织的能力明显高于NAA,以2～3mg/L 2,4-D的诱导频率较高为87.93%～93.11%,诱导愈伤组织的适宜培养基为MS+2mg/L NAA+2mg/L 2,4-D+2mg/L 6-BA;6-BA对愈伤组织诱导频率无直接影响,但明显影响愈伤组织的增长量及生长状态。愈伤组织继代增殖以MS+0.5mg/L 2,4-D+1mg/L NAA+1mg/L 6-BA最好;MS+0.5mg/L IBA适宜于试管苗生根。 相似文献