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采用路线调查与标准地调查相结合的方法,结合历史资料,对滇金丝猴栖息地的野生植物资源进行了实地野外调查研究,分析了植物多样性及其受威胁状况。结果表明:(1)栖息地具有丰富的植物物种多样性,有维管束植物217科789属3533种(含亚种、变种),其中,国家重点保护野生植物有117种;(2)该区植物区系成分具有复杂性、多样性,明显偏重于温带性质、且植物区系起源古老,有中国特有分布属90个,其中,古特有属59个;(3)该区具有丰富的植被类型,包括4个植被型组,10个植被型,47个群系,具有较高的保护和科研价值。同时针对栖息地植物多样性受威胁状况,提出了植被恢复、生态移民及社区共管是保护植物多样性的有效措施。 相似文献
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Banghe YANG Baoping REN Zuofu XIANG Jingyuan YANG Hui YAO Paul A. GARBER Ming LI 《Integrative zoology》2014,9(5):598-612
The highly polymorphic genes within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) not only play a major role in immunity resistance, but also seem to provide hints for mate choice in some animal populations. In the present study we investigated MHC‐related mate choice in a small natural population (group size 40–55 individuals) of a polygynous primate, the Sichuan snub‐nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus roxellana). We found that there was no evidence either for MHC‐disassortative mating, or for females to mate with males based on MHC heterozygosity or specific alleles. Nevertheless, of the 11 alleles identified, we found that the frequencies of 2 alleles, Rhro‐DRB2 (P < 0.01) and Rhro‐DRB5 (P < 0.05) were higher in offspring than in their parents. These findings suggest that MHC‐DRB in this population of R. roxellana is unlikely to be associated with mating preferences. Limited female opportunities for mate choice are likely due, in part, to the harem breeding structure present in R. roxellana, and the relatively small number of resident adult males in our study band (N = 4–6). In addition, we suggest that differences in the frequency of particular alleles across generations may be linked to parasite resistance in a fluctuating environment; however, confirmation of this finding requires further study. 相似文献
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Extractive foraging (EF) involves the exploitation of hidden or embedded foods, generally any food that is not visible to the naked eye. Therefore, EF is particularly important for survival in marginal habitats as it provides seasonal fallback foods in low food availability seasons. Although many studies consider primates’ EF behavior and category, colobine species are usually categorized as non‐extractive foragers and few studies quantitatively examine their EF behavior. In this study, we examined the EF behavior of one colobine species, the gray snub‐nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus brelichi), at Yangaoping in Fanjingshan National Nature Reserve, Guizhou. We recorded 6 categories of EF behaviors. The most frequently sought‐out foods were seeds, young bamboo and invertebrates. Extracted foods accounted for an average of 26.02% of feeding records. As the monkey engages in little EF behavior in the winter when the food availability is low, these results seem to do not support the hypothesis that EF serves to secure additional resources during lean times in marginal or seasonal habitats. According to these findings, we suggest R. brelich should be considered as an extractive forager. Our study also highlights the need for increased representation of colobines in the EF literature to better inform the discussion concerning its link to primate brain evolution. 相似文献
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兰坪云岭自然保护区滇金丝猴考察 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为查清兰坪云岭自然保护区滇金猴的种群数量及生境状况,兰坪县林业局与大自然保护协会于2004年10月至2005年10月,通过与当地群众座谈、访问等收集相关信息及实地观察等方法初步查清了三个猴群的种群数量、生境情况、活动规律、生存现状。分析了保护区存在的问题,提出了今后的保护措施。 相似文献
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兰坪县是黑白仰鼻猴重要的栖息地之一。作者通过对兰坪县黑白仰鼻猴主要分布区啦井镇和兔峨乡的人口数量、耕地面积、牲畜数量、收入变化和劳动力从业等情况,分析该区社会经济变迁对黑白仰鼻猴栖息地的影响。分析结果显示:①20世纪60年代以来,随着人口的增加,以及以农业作为基本生活来源的生产方式,啦井镇和兔峨乡的牧场和耕地的面积逐渐增大,加之近代工业的逐渐兴起,使黑白仰鼻猴的生存环境被不断的吞噬;②兔峨乡的牧场、工业发展较快,对黑白仰鼻猴栖息地产生重要影响,导致黑白仰鼻猴最南部的龙马山种群面临灭绝。研究认为,加快生产方式及经济发展方式转变,让区内人民拥有更多的谋生手段,对减轻黑白仰鼻猴生境破坏具有重要而深远的影响。 相似文献
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本试验旨在分析幼年、成年、老年川金丝猴肠道菌群结构以及随年龄变化的趋势。将提取的幼年、成年、老年川金丝猴粪样总DNA进行聚合酶链反应-变性梯度凝胶电泳(PCRDGGE),对结果进行UPGMA聚类分析、主成分分析、生物多样性比较。用荧光定量PCR技术检测肠道菌群中真细菌、乳酸杆菌属(Lactobacillus spp.)、肠杆菌科(Enterobacteriaceae)、双歧杆菌属(Bifidobacterium spp.)的数量。结果显示:无论是UPGMA聚类分析,还是主成分分析以及生物多样性比较均表明,不同年龄段川金丝猴肠道菌群多样性存在明显差异;指纹图谱中成年与幼年川金丝猴的优势条带较多,老年川金丝猴的优势条带则较少。各年龄段川金丝猴肠道菌群中真细菌的数量都为同一数量级(1011);幼年川金丝猴肠道菌群中Enterobacteriaceae的数量显著少于成年和老年川金丝猴(P0.05);成年川金丝猴肠道菌群中Lactobacillus spp.的数量极显著多于幼年和老年川金丝猴(P0.01);老年川金丝猴肠道菌群中Bifidobacterium spp.的数量极显著少于成年和幼年(P0.01)。由此得出,川金丝猴肠道菌群随年龄增长,多样性呈幼年到成年增加、成年到老年降低的趋势,老年时期优势菌群显著减少;此外,川金丝猴肠道各菌群的数量在不同年龄段有较大差异。 相似文献