马铃薯品种抗软腐病测定条件的研究     

张学君  王金生 《南京农业大学学报》1989,12(1):67-72

用全薯块吸头刺伤接种法测定时,较理想的测定条件为:每接种点接种0.1ml浓度为10~2～10~5CFU/ml菌悬液,随后在21±5℃～31±5℃(依所用菌株而定)下保持2～3天,以接种点腐烂斑的最大直径作记载标准。用新鲜薯片法测定时,除接种浓度为10~2～10~3CFU/ml,保持时间为1～2天及以侵染限值作评价标准外,其余条件和全薯块吸头刺伤接种法相同。当用皮孔浸渍法接种时,薯块在10_6CFU/ml菌悬液中浸5分钟,然后使薯块表面保持连续水膜,3～5天后测量薯块表面腐烂面积。上述3种方法都必须有20个以上重复,并使用大小一致、无伤无病的成熟薯块。  相似文献   

基于PLC与组态王的实木板材双面检测装置的总体设计     

翟菲菲  刘英  杨雨图  房友盼  於亚斌 《林产工业》2016,(9):41-45

选用S7-200 PLC,结合组态王人机交互界面,运用激光轮廓和色泽集成扫描技术设计了一种实木板材双面检测系统。主要介绍了该检测系统的工作原理和工作流程,简述了检测装置的整体结构及其传动、升降、检测、行程控制等主要模块的设计及电气控制系统总体设计。试运行表明,该装置集合PLC和组态王的优势,利用激光扫描技术,可实现对板材双面检测过程的实时控制;板材检测运用色泽与轮廓相结合,有效地解决了现有实木板材单面检测系统不能全面地反映实木板材表面缺陷状况的难题。该设计可为实木板材表面缺陷检测中三维轮廓检测技术的进一步应用提供有益参考。  相似文献   

防治胡椒瘟病的生物农药和新型低毒化学农药筛选     

桑利伟  刘爱勤  高圣风  孙世伟  苟亚峰  王政  孟倩倩 《热带作物学报》2016,36(10):43-45

胡椒瘟病是危害我国胡椒产业的首要病害，目前基本依赖使用化学农药防治。筛选应用生物农药是减少化学农药用量的有效途径。本文采用生长速率法测定胡椒瘟病病原菌对12种生物农药和新型低毒化学农药的敏感性。结果表明：70%烯酰?嘧菌酯WG、木霉菌WP和枯草芽孢杆菌WP对胡椒瘟病病原菌的抑菌效果好且敏感性高，EC50分别为0.211 3、0.49和0.78 μg/mL。  相似文献   

Bayesian estimation of diagnostic accuracy of a new bead-based antibody detection test to reveal Toxoplasma gondii infections in pig populations     

《Veterinary parasitology》2015,207(1-2):1-6

The success of a Toxoplasma gondii surveillance program in European pig production systems depends partly on the quality of the test to detect infection in the population. The test accuracy of a recently developed serological bead-based assay (BBA) was investigated earlier using sera from experimentally infected animals. In this study, the accuracy of the BBA was determined by the use of sera from animals from two field subpopulations. As no T. gondii infection information of these animals was available, test accuracy was determined through a Bayesian approach allowing for conditional dependency between BBA and an ELISA test. The priors for prevalence were based on available information from literature, whereas for specificity vague non-informative priors were used. Priors for sensitivity were based either on available information or specified as non-informative. Posterior estimates for BBA sensitivity and specificity were (mode) 0.855 (Bayesian 95% credibility interval (bCI) 0.702–0.960) and 0.913 (bCI 0.893–0.931), respectively. Comparing the results of BBA and ELISA, sensitivity was higher for the BBA while specificity was higher for ELISA. Alternative priors for the sensitivity affected posterior estimates for sensitivity of both BBA and ELISA, but not for specificity. Because the difference in prevalence between the two subpopulations is small, and the number of infected animals is small as well, the precision of the posterior estimates for sensitivity may be less accurate in comparison to the estimates for specificity. The estimated value for specificity of BBA is at least optimally defined for testing pigs from conventional and organic Dutch farms.  相似文献   

A global sensitivity analysis of cultivar trait parameters in a sugarcane growth model for contrasting production environments in Queensland,Australia     

《European Journal of Agronomy》2017

New sugarcane cultivars are continuously developed to improve sugar industry productivity. Despite this sugarcane crop models such as the ‘Sugar’ module in the Agricultural Productions System sIMulator (APSIM-Sugar) have not been updated to reflect the most recent cultivars. The implications of misrepresenting cultivar parameters in APSIM-Sugar is difficult to judge as little research has been published on the likely values of these parameters and how uncertainty in parameter values may affect model outputs. A global sensitivity analysis can be used to better understand how cultivar parameters influence simulated yields. A Gaussian emulator was used to perform a global sensitivity analysis on simulated biomass and sucrose yield at harvest for two contrasting sugarcane-growing regions in Queensland, Australia. Biomass and sucrose yields were simulated for 42 years to identify inter-annual variability in output sensitivities to 10 parameters that represent physiological traits and can be used to simulated differences between sugarcane cultivars. Parameter main effect (S_i) and total effect (ST_i) sensitivity indices and emulator accuracy were calculated for all year-region-output combinations. When both regions were considered together parameters representing radiation use efficiency (rue), number of green leaves (green_leaf_no) and a conductance surrogate parameter (k_L) were the most influential parameters for simulated biomass in APSIM-Sugar. Simulated sucrose yield was most sensitive to rue, sucrose_fraction (representing the fraction of biomass partitioned as sucrose in the stem) and green_leaf_no. However, climate and soil differences between regions changed the level of influence cultivar parameters had on simulation outputs. Specifically, model outputs were more sensitive to changes in the transp_eff_cf and k_L parameters in the Burdekin region due to lower rainfall and poor simulated soil conditions. Collecting data on influential traits that are relatively simple to measure (e.g. number of green leaves) during cultivar development would greatly contribute to the simulation of new cultivars in crop models. Influential parameters that are difficult to measure directly such as transp_eff_cf and sucrose_fraction are ideal candidates for statistical calibration. Calibrating crop models either through direct observation or statistical calibration would allow crop modellers to better test how new cultivars will perform in a range of production environments.  相似文献   

液压悬挂试验的加载误差及其补偿     

张兰义  李重焕 《农业机械学报》1996,27(1):86-89

通过对下支点固定式油缸加载工况下拖拉机液压悬挂装置的受力分析，推导出这种国内外常用试验台设计方案的加载误差，并给出试验数据的修正方法以补偿该项误差的影响。  相似文献   

汽车中控锁执行器性能检测试验研究     

尹志强  阎真才  赵韩  朱卫国  齐国富 《农业机械学报》2003,34(5):24-27

对汽车中控锁电动执行器性能检测进行了深入研究。通过力学分析与试验，对交变试验力的特点及产生原因进行了分析，得出盘簧机构相对电动执行器是交变负载，从而提出了以中控锁自身作为检测负载的方案。为解决在恒温箱内测量主动驱动力的困难，采用了间接测量工作电流的方法；此外还进行了耐久性试验和驱动时间的测量。全套检测装置已成功应用于生产中。  相似文献   

海南不同地区香蕉假茎象甲对几种杀虫剂的敏感性测定     

刘奎  邱海燕  付步礼  伍祎  张帆 《中国果业信息》2013,42(1)

采用虫体浸渍法,测定了海南澄迈和儋州两地的香蕉假茎象甲成虫对480克/升毒死蜱EC、77.5%敌敌畏EC、40%辛硫磷EC、40%丙溴磷EC、25%丙溴?辛硫磷EC、20%三唑磷EC等6种杀虫剂对的敏感性。结果表明,6种药剂对澄迈和儋州两地区的香蕉假茎象甲的毒力大小顺序相同,毒死蜱＞丙溴?辛硫磷＞丙溴磷＞三唑磷＞敌敌畏＞辛硫磷;儋州地区的香蕉假茎象甲对6种药剂的敏感性均高于澄迈地区。  相似文献   

淡水鲳对九种常用鱼药的敏感性试验   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

陈月英  沈智华 《水产养殖》1992,(1):19-22

本文报告了敌百虫、孔雀石绿、硝酸亚汞、漂白粉、呋喃唑酮、生石灰和食盐等常用鱼药对淡水鲳的安金浓度依次为0.028ppm、0.0312ppm、0.0865ppm、0.699ppm、16.22 ppm、19.5 ppm、1040 ppm。淡水鲳分别在亚甲基蓝2.1 ppm,硫酸铜硫酸亚铁合剂(5∶2)5.6ppm药液中浸浴240小时,未见异常反应。  相似文献   

永磁式涡流缓速器制动性能影响因素敏感性分析     

赵小波  姬长英  赵国柱 《农业机械学报》2009,40(10):18-23

在分析永磁式涡流缓速器制动力矩与结构参数关系的基础上,将均匀设计和回归分析方法引入到永磁式涡流缓速器制动性能影响因素敏感性分析中。以某型号的永磁式涡流缓速器为例,建立了制动力矩随转子鼓内半径、永磁体周向长度、气隙宽度、转子鼓轴向宽度和永磁体高度5个结构参数变化的回归模型,重点讨论了结构参数间交互作用以及各结构参数对制动力矩的影响程度,基于均匀试验设计和制动性能敏感性分析的结果,采用全排列法对结构参数进行了优化。  相似文献