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[目的]为了探讨粗山羊草间杂交的育性表现及其后代的抗病性。[方法]利用13份不同产地的粗山羊草进行杂交,在田间用京双16作诱发行,接种北京地区流行的白粉病混合菌株,进行苗期、成株期抗病性鉴定。[结果]从杂交结果看,亚种内杂交率较高,为14.15%～83.33%,而亚种间杂交率较低,为0～8.33%,因此可以判断粗山羊草亚种之间存在着生殖隔离。通过对抗病粗山羊草Y192与感病Y2272的杂交后代进行小麦白粉病抗病性鉴定,发现抗病基因是由显性单基因控制的。[结论]该结果为进一步研究小麦白粉病抗病基因奠定了基础。 相似文献
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为探究苏云金杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis Bt)对蚜虫的生物活性影响及作用方式,以苏云金亚种(Bacillus thuringiensis subsp.thuringiensis)为目的菌株,以发酵产物为材料。利用5种不同浓度的菌液分别喷雾处理柳蚜,72h校正死亡率为29.74%～78.88%,其浓度与及死亡率呈正相关关系。苏云金杆菌亚种发酵液和发酵液滤液处理柳蚜后,12～24h柳蚜超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)比活力均被抑制,其抑制率分别为21.06%～38.11%和4.69%～36.79%,其中18h、24h对SOD比活力的抑制达显著水平(p<0.05)。发酵液和滤液处理组18h前对柳蚜过氧化氢酶(CAT)比活力的影响总体呈激活趋势,其中发酵液和滤液处理组分别在18h、12h对柳蚜CAT的激活率最高,其CAT比活力分别为对照的1.8890倍和2.9463倍。滤液处理组对柳蚜POD比活力总体呈激活作用,其激活率为14.78%～57.39%;发酵液处理组6h和18hPOD比活力显著高于对照,其他时间点POD比活力与对照无显著差异。 相似文献
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Mkabwa L. K. Manoko Ronald G. van den Berg Richard M. C. Feron Gerard M. van der Weerden Celestina Mariani 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2008,55(3):409-418
Two hexaploid species of Solanum sect. Solanum are present in Africa: Solanum scabrum and S. nigrum. Solanum scabrum is a widely cultivated species and is used as a leafy vegetable, as a source of medicine and as a source of ink dye. In previous
studies a wide range of morphological diversity has been reported in this species and in some studies subspecies have been
proposed. Subspecies are also recognized in S. nigrum. However, it has not been established whether or not the morphological differences are reflected at the genomic level. The
present study applies AFLPs to study the genetic diversity in S. scabrum and its relationship to geographical provenance, morphological differences and the possible existence of subspecies within
S. scabrum and S. nigrum. The data obtained were analyzed with cluster analysis (using UPGMA and NJ). The results indicate that the genetic variation
within S. scabrum was higher within accessions than between accessions. Accessions did not cluster according to their geographical provenance,
indicating that accessions from different geographical areas were not significantly different genetically. The clustering
reflected neither morphological differences nor domestication status (cultivated or wild). The morphological differences exhibited
by S. scabrum could be due to selection by farmers for different plant types. The AFLP derived clustering pattern did not segregate the
subspecies recognized in S. scabrum and S. nigrum into separate subclusters. 相似文献
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In order to clarify the epidemiology of bovine protothecal mastitis, 30 Prototheca zopfii mastitis isolates were genetically investigated. Based on the 18S rDNA, which allows a differentiation of the former species P. zopfii in two distinct P. zopfii genotypes and Prototheca blaschkeae sp. nov., newly developed genotype-specific PCR-assays as well as RFLP-assays were applied.
All mastitis isolates investigated could be assigned to P. zopfii genotype 2 suggesting that this genotype is the aetiological agent of bovine Prototheca mastitis. 相似文献
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[目的]分析4个飞蝗亚种间的系统发育关系。[方法]利用PCR扩增技术测定了西藏飞蝗（L.migratoria tibetensis）和东亚飞蝗（L.m.manilensis）细胞色素氧化酶3亚基基因序列（COⅠ1539bp、COⅡ684bp、COⅢ792bp,共计3015bp）,结合GenBank下载的亚洲飞蝗（L.m.migratoria）和非洲飞蝗（L.m.migratorioides）的细胞色素氧化酶3亚基基因序列进行综合分析。以云斑车蝗（G.marmoratus）为外群,通过邻接法、最大简约法和贝叶斯法重建4个飞蝗亚种的分子系统树。[结果]在碱基组成上,A＋T的平均含量为69.57%,4个飞蝗亚种的密码子第3位点A＋T含量最高,其中最高的是COⅠ（达87.6%）;4个飞蝗亚种中核苷酸替换主要发生在密码子第3位,COⅡ的核酸替代率最高,第2位点较为保守,替换率在5.9%～15%之间;COI的起始密码子是特殊的CCG或ACG;4个飞蝗亚种的遗传距离在0.001～0.076之间;飞蝗属中4个亚种之间的系统发育关系为东亚飞蝗和西藏飞蝗亲缘关系最近,亚洲飞蝗与东亚飞蝗、西藏飞蝗亲缘关系次之,非洲飞蝗与其余3个亚种的亲缘关系较远。[结论]该研究可为西藏飞蝗亚种地位的确定提供分子依据。 相似文献
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同质恢渗粳部分利用亚种间优势及耐冷水稻恢复系选育方法的研究与应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为提高水稻恢复性选择效率,增强恢复系的配合力,促进地方稻种资源的耐冷基因在杂交育种中的应用,设计了同质恢渗粳+耐冷性的水稻恢复系选育路线,开创了将耐冷性、恢复性和籼粳亚种间杂交蕴藏的强大优势巧妙结合的水稻三系恢复系的选育方法,并应用该方法育成了耐冷、强优势、稻瘟病抗性好的同质恢复系黔恢481、R467、Q431、Q568,用这些恢复系组配育成的威优481,金优431等7个高产、耐冷、稻瘟病抗性好的杂交稻组合,育出的耐冷杂交稻组合在贵州中高海拔秋风冷害频繁和稻瘟病重灾区发挥高产、稳产作用。 相似文献
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