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The objective of the present study was to investigate the role of α tocopherol and selenium on malathion induced hepatic damage, and antioxidant defense in chicks. The chicks were divided into three groups. First group received malathion 10 mg/kg BW, orally for 60 days, the second group received the same dose of malathion but was supplemented with α tocopherol and selenium for 60 days and the third group served as the control. A compromised antioxidant capacity as evidenced by increased levels of erythrocytic lipid peroxidation and decreased concentration of vitamin E and decreased activity of glutathione peroxidase was observed in chicks following the administration of malathion. An improved antioxidant status was observed in chicks of second group with α tocopherol and selenium supplementation including higher concentration of vitamin E, increased activity of glutathione peroxidase and lower levels of lipid peroxidation. Histopathological studies of liver in the chicks which received malathion exhibited, moderate to severe degenerative and necrotic changes in the hepatocytes. The correlation of decreased antioxidant status of chicks with degenerative changes in liver suggests that lipid peroxidation may be one of the important mechanism in the chronic toxicity of malathion. The results indicate that α tocopherol and selenium were effective in partially alleviating degenerative changes induced by malathion in the liver of chicks by attenuating processes leading to lipid peroxidation. 相似文献
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拟南芥尿黑酸叶绿醇转移酶(HPT)基因启动子的分离及表达特性分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
尿黑酸叶绿醇转移酶（HPT）是催化生育酚生物合成分支途径中的关键酶,催化叶绿醇焦磷酸（phytyl-PP）与尿黑酸（HGA）缩合生成生育酚的前体。从拟南芥中分离HPT基因的启动子序列946 bp,构建了该启动子与GUS嵌合的重组载体,通过农杆菌介导转化拟南芥,取正常生长条件下的拟南芥转基因植株进行GUS组织化学染色,结果表明,在HPT启动子的驱动下,GUS基因主要在转基因拟南芥的根中高表达,在成熟叶片、花丝、雌蕊中也有一些表达,而在茎、根尖、花药、种荚及发育的种子中则未表达,可见该启动子为根优势表达启动子。 相似文献
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α-生育酚在超临界 CO_2 中溶解度神经网络模型的建立 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
生育酚有很高的生理活性 ,油脂生产中得到的脱臭馏出物含有丰富的天然生育酚。作为萃取生育酚的基础 ,该文对甲酯化油脂脱馏出物中 α-生育酚在超临界 CO2 中的溶解度进行了测试 ,并用 Chrastil分子缔合模型和RBF神经网络模型对溶解数据进行了拟合。Chrastil分子缔合模型的相对误差为 2 5 .36 %。对于 RBF神经网络模型 ,经过网络学习和训练 ,训练集平均误差仅为 0 .32 % ,测试集误差为 6 .48% ,效果比较理想 相似文献
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Studies were carried out on the oil content, fatty acids, tocopherols and sterols in the seeds of two carobs (Ceratonia siliqua), cultivated and wild, from Turkey. The oil yields of cultivated and wild carob seeds were established as 1.73 and 1.82% on a dry weight basis, respectively. The main fatty acids in cultivated and wild carob seed oils are linoleic (49.1% and 51.0%), oleic (30.4% and 26.5%), palmitic (10.3% and 12.0%) and stearic (3.5% and 4.6%), respectively. Tocopherols and phytosterols are important constituents of the unsaponifiable fraction of several seed oils. The major tocopherol in both seed oils was γ-tocopherol. The composition (mg/100 g) was as follows α-tocopherol (69.06 and 70.39 mg/100 g), P8 (22.29 and 24.78 mg/100 g), δ-tocopherol (8.70 and 10.66 mg/100 g), β-tocopherol (2.30 and 1.85 mg/100 g). The total tocopherol contents had 208.45 and 223.14 mg/100 g, respectively. The total content of sterols of both oils were determined as 16400.94 and 30191.55 mg/kg, with β-sitosterol as the predominant sterol that accounted for more than 70% of the total amount of sterols other sterols, campesterol (5.33–5.32%), stigmasterol (0.58–11.43%) 7-avenasterol (3.45–3.03%), 7-stigmasterol (2.16–2.4%), and chlerosterol (1.33–1.0%) were detected in both carob oils. As a result, the accurate quantification of these analyses has very important applications for the nutrition sciences. 相似文献
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油料作物种子维生素E含量和组分改良的分子育种研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
作为重要的脂溶性天然抗氧化剂,维生素E的存在对预防油脂多不饱和脂肪酸过氧化、增强油脂营养品质具有重大意义。近十年来,随着人们对高等植物维生素E生物合成途径认识的不断深入,油料作物种子油脂中维生素E品质的多元化改良成为可能。本研究首先简要介绍了天然维生素E的类型和生物合成途径,然后概述了油料作物种子中维生素E和脂肪酸之间相互关系的研究进展以及油料作物种子维生素E品质改良的分子育种研究进展,最后展望了油料作物种子油脂脂肪酸和维生素E综合品质改良育种的前景。 相似文献
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Roger Leakey Steve Fuller Tony Treloar Lesley Stevenson Denise Hunter Tio Nevenimo Jeffrey Binifa John Moxon 《Agroforestry Systems》2008,73(1):77-87
As part of a feasibility study of the commercialization potential of C. indicum nuts as Agroforestry Tree Products in Papua New Guinea, preliminary characterization studies have examined the tree-to-tree
variation in morphological traits (nut and kernel mass and kernel:nut ratio), as well as nutritional (carbohydrate, fat, protein,
sodium, vitamin E) and medicinal traits (anti-oxidant activity, anti-inflammatory activity and phenolic content) of kernels
from 18 to 72 trees in a small number of different villages of Papua New Guinea (East New Britain Province). There was continuous
variation in these traits indicating opportunities for multiple trait cultivar development targeted at food and pharmaceutical
markets. Certain traits, for example anti-inflammatory activity, in which tree-to-tree variation was highly significant, present
greater opportunities than others, such as saturated:unsaturated fatty acid ratio. This intraspecific variation was greater
within populations than between populations. The data presented has allowed the development of a strategy to domesticate C. indicum for cultivation in homegardens and cocoa–coconut agroforests, using a participatory approach aimed at the production of agroforestry
tree products (AFTPs) to empower small-holders and enhance their livelihoods and income. 相似文献
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生育酚（维生素E）具有防止人体动脉硬化、降低胆固醇、增强血液循环和防治心血管疾病等多种功效。大豆较其他植物含有更为丰富的生育酚,但目前大规模筛选优异种质的工作开展较少且研究不够深入。鉴于此,利用299份大豆品种资源,通过高效液相色谱法测定其籽粒生育酚及其组分含量,明确其遗传变异及相关性,并筛选生育酚含量高的特异种质。结果表明,供试大豆品种生育酚及其组分含量存在丰富的遗传变异,其δ-、γ-、α-生育酚及总生育酚平均含量分别为44.15、143.05、66.81及254.01μg/g,变异系数在15.37%~38.04%之间,α-生育酚变异系数最高;3种成分占总含量比值分别为17.47%、56.57%和25.96%,变异系数为11.78%~32.21%,α-生育酚比值变异系数最高;同时发现,总含量与3种组分含量间的相关系数均达到极显著水平,δ-生育酚与γ-及α-生育酚的相关系数也达极显著水平;基于各供试品种生育酚及其组分含量,将其分为3类,并筛选出13份高生育酚含量特异种质,其中包括黑河44、合丰50、合农75和绥农28等,为今后通过常规及分子育种方法实现生育酚及其组分含量遗传改良奠定了材料基础。 相似文献
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水稻籽粒维生素E及组分在品种间的变异与分布 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
维生素E是人与动物必须从食物中摄取的微量营养元素之一,根据侧链的饱和度可将其分为生育酚和三烯生育酚,水稻种子中均含二者。本研究利用反相高效液相色谱法测定了18份籼稻和16份粳稻品种糙米中维生素E各异构体的含量。结果表明,种子中各异构体的含量在籼稻与粳稻间存在显著差异,粳稻种子中的生育酚和维生素E含量一般要高于籼稻;籼稻种子中三烯生育酚与生育酚的比值(1.61)极显著高于粳稻(0.95),籼稻中以γ-三烯生育酚为主,而粳稻中主要含α-生育酚。水稻种子中同种类型异构体(即α-型间或γ-型间)含量间具有显著正相关,但γ-型与α-型异构体间呈显著负相关。这些数据为进一步研究水稻种子中维生素E的代谢调控和营养品质改良提供了有益的表型数据。 相似文献