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1.
FAST指数是评价牛奶热损害的敏感指标,在研究生鲜乳热加工、奶粉及其复原乳色氨酸或梅拉德反应产物荧光强度的变化规律的基础上,评价了FAST指数用于鉴定生鲜乳和巴氏杀菌乳是否添加复原乳的效果。研究结果表明,奶粉生产过程中,色氨酸已经受到破坏,同时,不同奶粉之间色氨酸的荧光强度存在差异。与生鲜乳相比,复原乳中色氨酸荧光强度(FTrp)明显降低,随着生鲜乳中复原乳含量的增加,色氨酸的相对荧光强度线性下降;生鲜乳加热后,其中梅拉德反应产物的荧光强度(FAMP)明显升高,此类物质荧光强度升高也与牛奶中复原乳含量增加呈显著的线性相关;试验结果还表明FAST指数能有效的用于区分生鲜乳和巴氏杀菌乳,以及巴氏杀菌乳中是否添加了复原乳。 相似文献
2.
白首乌(Cynanchum bungi Decne)脱分化诱导与内源IAA和核酸变化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
外源生长素对白首乌脱分化是必要的,效果最好的是２ ,４ － Ｄ,浓度范围０ ．１ ～０ ．３ｍｇ／ Ｌ;白首乌脱分化的起动和细胞旺盛分裂伴随着内源 Ｉ Ａ Ａ 含量的迅速提高, Ｔｒｐ 含量的变化与 Ｉ Ａ Ａ 相似,但其峰值比 Ｉ Ａ Ａ 提前,这为旺盛分裂期 Ｉ Ａ Ａ 的大量形成奠定基础; Ｄ Ｎ Ａ 和 Ｒ Ｎ Ａ 含量的峰值也出现在旺盛分裂期,这与此时期 Ｉ Ａ Ａ 的大量及时形成和旺盛的代谢活动有关,从形成期直至衰老,内源 Ｉ Ａ Ａ、 Ｔｒｐ 和 Ｄ Ｎ Ａ、 Ｒ Ｎ Ａ 含量下降并保持较低水平。 相似文献
3.
Takashi TANAKA Mito KANATSU-SHINOHARA Michiko HIROSE Atsuo OGURA Takashi SHINOHARA 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2015,61(5):473-484
Diploid germ cells are thought to have pluripotency potential. We recently described a method to derive pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) from cultured spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) by depleting Trp53 and Dmrt1, both of which are known suppressors of teratomas. In this study, we used this technique to analyze the effect of this protocol in deriving PSCs from the male germline at different developmental stages. We collected primordial germ cells (PGCs), gonocytes and spermatogonia, and the cells were transduced with lentiviruses expressing short hairpin RNA against Dmrt1 and/or Trp53. We found that PGCs are highly susceptible to reprogramming induction and that only Trp53 depletion was sufficient to induce pluripotency. In contrast, gonocytes and spermatogonia were resistant to reprogramming by double knockdown of Dmrt1 and Trp53. PSCs derived from PGCs
contributed to chimeras produced by blastocyst injection, but some of the embryos showed placenta-only phenotypes suggestive of epigenetic abnormalities of PGC-derived PSCs. These results show that PGCs and gonocytes/spermatogonia have distinct reprogramming potential and also suggest that fresh and cultured SSCs do not necessarily have the same properties. 相似文献
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5.
The interactions of puroindolines with polar lipids were investigated using polarization of fluorescence probes preincorporated into a liposomal bilayer containing PC, PI, PS, MGDG, DGDG, and sulfolipids. The intrinsic fluorescence of Trp residue method was also used. Regardless of the kind of lipid used for liposome preparation, proteins interacted with the liposomes. Conformational changes of the proteins were observed simultaneously with the change in the molecule packing in the lipid bilayer of the liposomes. Puroindoline interactions with the surface of the liposomes have explicit importance for the net charge of this surface. The strong interaction between the proteins and lipids takes place in the presence of a ligand with a negative charge. The obtained results confirm that lipids take part in puroindoline–starch granule surface interactions. 相似文献
6.
选用270只21日龄的扬州公鹅,随机分成6组,每组3个重复,每个重复15只鹅。采用2×3二因子试验设计,采用两种饲喂方式(自由采食和90%限制饲喂,限制饲喂组鹅饲料供给量为前一天自由采食组饲料消耗量的90%)和低、中、高3个色氨酸(Trp)水平(含量分别为0.14%,0.22%和0.30%),分别对3个不同生长阶段的生长性能和屠宰性能指标进行测定。结果表明,在28～42日龄,与低、高Trp组相比,中Trp组扬州鹅平均日采食量和平均日增重显著提高(P<0.05),饲喂方式和Trp水平对扬州鹅平均日采食量、平均日增重和饲料转化率有交互作用(P<0.05);在42～56日龄,自由采食组扬州鹅平均日采食量和饲料转化率极显著高于限制饲喂组(P<0.01),平均日增重显著高于限制饲喂组(P<0.05)。与低、高Trp组相比,中Trp组扬州鹅平均日采食量显著提高(P<0.05),Trp水平对平均日增重和饲料转化率无显著影响(P>0.05),饲喂方式和Trp水平对扬州鹅平均日采食量有交互作用(P<0.05);在56～70日龄,Trp水平对扬州鹅平均日采食量、平均日增重和饲料转化率均无显著影响(P>0.05)。饲喂方式和Trp水平对扬州鹅平均日增重和饲料转化率有交互作用(P<0.05);在28～70日龄,自由采食组扬州鹅平均日采食量和平均日增重极显著高于限制饲喂组(P<0.01)。与低、高Trp组相比,中Trp组扬州鹅平均日采食量和平均日增重显著提高(P<0.05),而Trp水平对饲料转化率无显著影响(P>0.05),饲喂方式和Trp水平对扬州鹅平均日采食量和平均日增重有交互作用(P<0.05)。自由采食组扬州鹅全净膛率、胸肌率和腹脂率显著高于限制饲喂组(P<0.01),随着Trp水平的增加,扬州鹅胸肌率显著增加(P<0.01),而Trp水平对其他屠宰性能指标无显著影响(P>0.05),饲喂方式和Trp水平对扬州鹅腹脂率有交互作用(P<0.01)。由此可知,饲粮中Trp水平过低或过高均会对扬州鹅生长性能产生不利影响,并且这种不利的影响具有阶段性,因此日粮添加适当水平的Trp能够一定程度改善扬州鹅生长性能。 相似文献
7.
Takashi TANAKA Mito KANATSU-SHINOHARA Takashi SHINOHARA 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2015,61(4):305-316
Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) undergo self-renewal divisions to provide the foundation for spermatogenesis. Although Rb1 deficiency is reportedly essential for SSC self-renewal, its mechanism has remained unknown. Here we report that Rb1 is critical for cell cycle progression and protection of SSCs from DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). Cultured SSCs depleted of Cdkn1b proliferated poorly and showed diminished expression of CDK4 and RB1, thereby leading to hypophosphorylation of RB1. Rb1 deficiency induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in cultured SSCs, which expressed markers for DNA DSBs. This DNA damage is caused by increased E2F1 activity, the depletion of which decreased DNA DSBs caused by Rb1 deficiency. Depletion of Cdkn1a and Bbc3, which were upregulated by Trp53, rescued Rb1-deficient cells from undergoing cell
cycle arrest and apoptosis. These results suggest that the CDKN1B-RB1-E2F1 pathway is essential for SSC self-renewal and protects SSCs against genomic damage. 相似文献
8.
FAST指数在复原乳区分中的应用初探 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
FAST 指数是评价牛奶热损害的敏感指标,在研究生鲜乳热加工、奶粉及其复原乳色氨酸或梅拉德反应产物荧光强度的变化规律的基础上,评价了FAST指数用于鉴定生鲜乳和巴氏杀菌乳是否添加复原乳的效果。研究结果表明,奶粉生产过程中,色氨酸已经受到破坏,同时,不同奶粉之间色氨酸的荧光强度存在差异。与生鲜乳相比,复原乳中色氨酸荧光强度(FTrp)明显降低,随着生鲜乳中复原乳含量的增加,色氨酸的相对荧光强度线性下降;生鲜乳加热后,其中梅拉德反应产物的荧光强度(FAMP)明显升高,此类物质荧光强度升高也与牛奶中复原乳含量增加呈显著的线性相关;试验结果还表明FAST指数能有效的用于区分生鲜乳和巴氏杀菌乳,以及巴氏杀菌乳中是否添加了复原乳。 相似文献
9.
为研究食源色氨酸添加量对不同密度下刺参生长和代谢酶活性的影响,在水温(17±0. 5)℃下将初始体质量(湿重)为(3. 5±0. 1) g的刺参(Apostichopus japonicus Selenka)饲养在40 L(53 cm×28 cm×34 cm)的玻璃水族箱中,密度分别为4(L组)、8(ML组)、16(MH组)和32(H组)头/40 L,分别投喂添加0%、1%、3%和5%色氨酸的饲料,饲养75 d,每个处理组设4个重复。试验测定了刺参体质量变化和代谢酶活性,结果显示:随着养殖密度增加,刺参生物量增加,刺参增重率下降。最大生物量为196. 1 g(3%色氨酸,H组),最低增重率为35. 9%(5%色氨酸,H组);与对照组相比,饲料中添加3%色氨酸处理组刺参生长更快;在各养殖密度下,添加3%色氨酸处理组的谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、乳酸脱氢酶(MDH)和苹果酸脱氢酶(LDH)酶活力低于其他处理组。高密度(H组)下,添加3%色氨酸处理组的ALT、AST、MDH和LDH活力分别为5. 56 U/g prot、1. 85 U/g prot、0. 17 U/mg prot、64 U/g prot,低于对照组。研究表明,添加1%～3%食源色氨酸可以缓解高密度养殖对刺参的胁迫,提高刺参生长率。 相似文献
10.
建立了水产品中3种游离芳香族氨基酸含量的HPLC测定方法。试验确定了流动相的最佳pH、流速及浓度,并评价了方法的准确度、精密度和检测限。采用5%高氯酸溶液提取,用KOH溶液中和后进行HPLC分析。采用Waters Atlantis T3 C18（4.6×250 mm,5 μm）色谱柱分离,以15%甲醇-85%磷酸盐溶液为流动相,用磷酸调pH为6.0;色谱条件流速：0.9 mL/min;柱温：27 ℃;检测波长：256.7 nm;12 min内完成测定。结果表明：Tyr、Phe、Trp分别在6～500 μg/mL、30～1 000 μg/mL和3～250 μg/mL范围内有良好的线性关系,其线性相关系数（R2）在0.998 6～0.999 5之间。三者的检测限分别为2 μg/mL、10 μg/mL、1 μg/mL,加标回收率在88.0%～105.2%之间。方法操作简便且定性可靠、定量准确。 相似文献