瓢虫防卫生物碱中的氮杂大环内酯          下载免费PDF全文

董燕红  王道全  陈馥衡 《农药学学报》2003,5(2):13-22

化学防卫是昆虫防御外来侵害的方法之一。简要评述了墨西哥豆瓢虫Epilachna varivestis、南瓜瓢虫Epilachna borealis、苜蓿瓢虫Subcoccinella vigintiquatuorpunctata 3种瓢虫蛹分泌的化学防御物质——氮杂大环内酯的结构、生物活性以及生物合成的研究进展。  相似文献   

Safety of standardized Macleaya cordata extract in an eighty‐four‐day dietary study in dairy cows          下载免费PDF全文

W. Wang  L. C. Dolan  S. von Alvensleben  M. Morlacchini  G. Fusconi 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2018,102(1):e61-e68

The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety of a standardized Macleaya cordata Extract Product (MCEP) containing the quaternary benzophenanthridine alkaloids, sanguinarine and chelerythrine, when fed to dairy cows. Thirty‐six dairy cows were randomized into three groups with twelve cows/treatment in two replica pens for each treatment group: control (C) without MCEP added to feed, treatment 1 (SANG‐1000) with MCEP added to feed at 1,000 mg/animal/day (1.5 mg/kg bw/day) and treatment 2 (SANG‐10000) with MCEP added to feed at 10,000 mg/animal/day (15.5 mg MCEP/kg bw/day). After two weeks of acclimation, animals were observed for an 84‐day experimental period, with body weight, feed intake and milk production measured daily. Milk composition was analysed every two weeks. Haematological analyses were performed on Day 0 and Day 84, and clinical chemistry analyses were performed on Day 84 of the study. There was no statistically significant difference (p > .10) among the three groups on body condition score, milk production or milk composition over the study period. There were no significant differences in body weight gain or feed consumption among the three groups. Animals in the SANG‐10000 group had significantly higher mean corpuscular volume (MCV) than the C group (p < .1) and lower mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) than the SANG‐1000 group (p < .1). Concentrations of sanguinarine and chelerythrine in milk samples collected on Day 84 were below the detection limit (LOD) as measured by high‐performance liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry (HPLC‐MS/MS). In conclusion, this study presents compelling data supporting the hypothesis that the test product MCEP, when included in the TMR at up to 10,000 mg/animal/day (15.5 mg MCEP/kg bw/day), is well tolerated by dairy cows.  相似文献   

小美牛肝菌生物碱抑制运动神经系统原理     

张勇 《中国食用菌》2020,(3):41-43

通过大鼠急性毒性试验、大鼠脊髓损伤运动功能试验和大鼠脊髓含水量试验,对小美牛肝菌生物碱抑制运动神经系统的原理进行研究。大鼠急性毒性试验结果表明,小美牛肝菌生物碱含有一定的毒性,对机体组织的运动神经系统有一定的影响;大鼠脊髓损伤运动功能试验结果表明,小美牛肝菌所含的生物碱物质能够促进大鼠脊髓损伤恢复,降低大鼠脊髓神经损伤;大鼠脊髓含水量试验结果表明,小美牛肝菌生物碱具有消炎抗氧化作用,能够降低过氧化物对神经细胞的损害。  相似文献   

番茄植株中生物碱类对菜青虫(Pieris rapae L.)活性组分的分离和提纯     

徐美娟  管致和 《中国农业大学学报》1994,(2):153-156

为寻找和开发不污染环境、不伤害天敌而对菜青虫有活性的行为物质,本研究对番茄植株中的生物碱类进行提取、分离和部分纯化,得到了极性和非极性生物碱类以及番茄苷(tomatine)纯品,与标样对照薄层试验吻合。将提取物对5龄菜青虫进行试验表明:生物碱类及其中的番茄苷对菜青虫有明显拒食作用;番茄苷对菜青虫有抑制生长发育的作用。  相似文献   

醉马草化学成分预试及毒性部位筛选   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张伟  李冠 《动物医学进展》2006,27(7):97-99

以春秋两季醉马草样品作为试验材料,粉剂样品分别做系统预试验比较所含主要成分种类和数量上的差异,并通过分光光度法测定了2种材料的生物碱和黄酮含量;分别用不同极性溶剂制作的悬浮液,做毒性筛选试验。结果表明,春季材料含的生物碱类成分远远超过秋季材料,而秋季材料所含的黄酮类成分远远超过春季材料;毒理试验表明,毒性成分主要集中在春季材料的950 mL/L乙醇提取部分。  相似文献   

Novel Alkaloids from Marine Actinobacteria: Discovery and Characterization     

Anne-Sofie De Rop  Jeltien Rombaut  Thomas Willems  Marilyn De Graeve  Lynn Vanhaecke  Paco Hulpiau  Sofie L. De Maeseneire  Maarten L. De Mol  Wim K. Soetaert 《Marine drugs》2022,20(1)

The marine environment is an excellent resource for natural products with therapeutic potential. Its microbial inhabitants, often associated with other marine organisms, are specialized in the synthesis of bioactive secondary metabolites. Similar to their terrestrial counterparts, marine Actinobacteria are a prevalent source of these natural products. Here, we discuss 77 newly discovered alkaloids produced by such marine Actinobacteria between 2017 and mid-2021, as well as the strategies employed in their elucidation. While 12 different classes of alkaloids were unraveled, indoles, diketopiperazines, glutarimides, indolizidines, and pyrroles were most dominant. Discoveries were mainly based on experimental approaches where microbial extracts were analyzed in relation to novel compounds. Although such experimental procedures have proven useful in the past, the methodologies need adaptations to limit the chance of compound rediscovery. On the other hand, genome mining provides a different angle for natural product discovery. While the technology is still relatively young compared to experimental screening, significant improvement has been made in recent years. Together with synthetic biology tools, both genome mining and extract screening provide excellent opportunities for continued drug discovery from marine Actinobacteria.  相似文献   

Algicidal and cyanocidal effects of selected isoquinoline alkaloids     

Daniel Jančula  Jana Gregorová  Blahoslav Maršálek 《Aquaculture Research》2010,41(4):598-601

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赛北紫堇总生物碱抗炎作用研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

宋晓楠  吴训文  王伟  潘国庆  李海丽 《湖北农业科学》2013,52(6)

通过建立二甲苯诱导小白鼠耳廓肿胀和蛋清诱导大鼠足跖肿胀炎症模型观察赛北紫堇(Corydalis impatiens (Pall.) Fisch)总生物碱的抗炎作用.结果表明,赛北紫堇总生物碱明显抑制二甲苯所致的小鼠耳廓肿胀(P＜0.05)和蛋清所致的大鼠足跖肿胀(P＜0.05).赛北紫堇总生物碱具有明显的抗炎作用.  相似文献   

GC/MS/MS在烟草生物碱分析中的应用研究     

申进朝  林玉红  堵劲松  王潇磊  邵学广 《江西农业大学学报》2012,34(3):599-602,618

以烟草为分析对象,研究离子阱质谱在植物样品分析中的应用。结果表明,GC/MS/MS通过选择特定的先驱离子,具有很高的特异性,基本排除了样品中其它物质的干扰。6种烟草生物碱相对标准偏差为0.45%～4.52%;最低检出限达到0.33μg/g。  相似文献   

黄杨属植物化学成分的研究进展     

吕霞  胡明通  于盱 《安徽农业科学》2012,40(24):12028-12030,12034

综述了近20年来黄杨属植物中生物碱、黄酮、甾醇、香豆素、木脂素和酸类化合物等7大类化学成分的研究结果,并介绍了黄杨的抑制酶活性、抗HIV病毒、抗菌及抗肿瘤等新的药理作用,为我国丰富的黄杨资源的开发利用提供参考。  相似文献