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以欧亚旋覆花(Inula britannica L.)无菌苗为材料,研究了不同浓度调吡脲(CPPU)对其叶片、根愈伤组织诱导的影响。结果显示,CPPU的浓度为0.10 mg/L时,叶片的愈伤组织诱导率为82.9%,且诱导出的愈伤组织生长好。CPPU的浓度为0.50 mg/L时,根的愈伤组织诱导率最高,达100.0%,愈伤组织生长最好,呈浅黄绿色,部分带有红色斑点,质地疏松,具光泽。 相似文献
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旋覆花花序氯仿萃取物抗植物病原真菌活性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为进一步明确旋覆花的农用杀菌活性,采用生长速率法、孢子萌发法,分别测定了旋覆花花序氯仿萃取物对13种植物病原真菌的离体抑菌活性,并测定了其对黄瓜灰霉病的防治效果。结果表明,在剂量为1.0 g/L时,氯仿萃取物对小麦全蚀病菌、西瓜炭疽病菌、葡萄炭疽病菌、苹果炭疽病菌、黄瓜灰霉病菌和番茄果腐病菌的菌丝生长有较强的抑制作用,抑制率均在50%以上,其中对小麦全蚀病菌的抑制作用最强,抑制率高达100%;对西瓜炭疽病菌和番茄果腐病菌孢子萌发抑制率达92.90%和82.92%。在10.0 g/L剂量下,氯仿萃取物对黄瓜灰霉病的治疗效果和保护效果分别为54.27%和76.68%(48 h),其中保护效果与对照药剂0.4 g/L施佳乐无显著差异。 相似文献
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The aim of this study was to determine the extraction technique of supercritical fluid carbon dioxide(SF-CO 2) for the essential oil from Inula britannica flowers and its antifungal activities against plant pathogenic fungi for its potential application as botanical fungicide.The effects of factors,including extraction temperature,extraction pressure,SF-CO 2 flow rate,flower powder size,and time on the essential oil yield were studied using the single factor experiment.An orthogonal experiment was conducted to determine the best operating conditions for the maximum extraction oil yield.Adopting the optimum conditions,the maximum yield reached 10.01% at 40°C temperature,30 MPa pressure,60 mesh flower powder size,20 L h-1SF-CO 2 flow rate,and 90 min extraction time.The antifungal activities of I.britannica essential oil using the SF-CO 2 against the most important plant pathogenic fungi were also examined through in vitro and in vivo tests.Sixteen plant pathogenic fungi were inhibited to varying degrees at 1 mg mL-1concentration of the essential oil.The mycelial growth of Gaeumannomyces graminis var.tritici was completely inhibited.The radial growths of Phytophthora capsici and Fusarium monilifome were also inhibited by 83.76 and 64.69%,respectively.In addition,the essential oil can inhibit the spore germination of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.vasinfectum,Phytophthora capsici,Colletotrichum orbiculare,and Pyricularia grisea,and the corresponding inhibition rates were 98.26,96.54,87.89,and 87.35% respectively.The present study has demonstrated that the essential oil of I.britannica flowers extracted through the SF-CO 2 technique is one potential and promising antifungal agent that can be used as botanical fungicide to protect crops. 相似文献
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为明确旋覆花对辣椒疫病的控制效果,分别用石油醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯和正丁醇对旋覆花根、茎、叶、花进行浸渍超声提取,采用菌丝生长速率法和载玻片上孢子萌发法测定各提取物对辣椒疫霉菌的离体活性,并测试了盆栽防效.结果表明,在0.1g·mL-1供试条件下,旋覆花的花提取物对辣椒疫霉菌菌丝生长抑制活性最强,4种溶剂提取物抑制率分别为81.19％,93.15％,100％和95.43％;叶提取物抑菌活性次之,抑制率分别为81.17％,88.29％,95.43％和87.16％;除茎的氯仿提取物外,其它茎、根不同溶剂提取物抑制率均大于62.79％.在0.05 g·mL-1质量浓度下,叶和茎的石油醚提取物对供试病菌孢子释放的抑制率分别为83.33％和66.67％,其它提取物抑菌活性均较弱.在1.0g·mL-1处理剂量下,旋覆花花的氯仿提取物对辣椒疫病的治疗和保护作用分别为46.35％和52.18％,均与对照药剂相当. 相似文献
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