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简述了鲟人工养殖业在我国的发展历程与现状,以及鲟人工养殖业目前所存在的问题;探讨了鲟人工养殖也面临的机会——养殖雌性鲟成鱼,加工鱼子酱,并简要介绍鱼子酱的价值及其加工工艺,为我国鲟人工养殖业在未来几年的发展指明了方向。 相似文献
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Impact of feed ration on growth and the results of sterlet,Acipenser ruthenus L., artificial reproduction 
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下载免费PDF全文 In the study the effects of artificial reproduction of sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus) fed different feed ration were compared. Three doses of feed were used: 1.0%, 0.75% and 0.5% of the fish biomass per day. The results indicate that the feed rations for fish used for caviar production or breeding material should differ. The optimal ration for the quality of sex products and progeny was 0.75% of the fish biomass, whereas in view of the number of maturing fish, the better ration was that of 1% of the fish biomass. In group fed 0.75% of the fish biomass per day the highest GSI value, the largest eggs and hatch and the highest survival to the hatch were noted. The feed ration of 0.5% of the fish biomass was too low, as indicated by the low parameters of eggs obtained, their survival and the smallest number of mature and ovulating females. These results can provide direction for the creation and exploitation of spawner stocks as well as for other sturgeon species cultured under controlled conditions. 相似文献
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Beth Okamura Ashlie Hartigan Paul F. Long Paolo Ruggeri Katie Smith-Easter Jason D. Schooley 《Journal of fish diseases》2020,43(9):979-989
Polypodium hydriforme is a parasitic cnidarian that develops within the eggs of acipenseriform fish in the Old and New Worlds. Currently regarded as monotypic, P. hydriforme has been studied largely in the context of caviar production in Russian sturgeon species. We report the first robust epidemiological study of P. hydriforme in North American acipenseriform fish. We sampled infection prevalences (in 2017 and 2018) and intensities (in 2017) during annual surveys of American Paddlefish, Polyodon spathula, caught during spawning migration in north-eastern Oklahoma. Egg masses were characterized for the presence and intensity of P. hydriforme infection. Prevalences were similar in 2017 and 2018 (49% and 45%, respectively). Generally, a small number of eggs were infected per egg mass, but a few were heavily infected. Longer, heavier and older fish are more likely to be infected and to harbour more severe infections. In addition, infection is linked to decreases in roe fat weight independently of fish length, weight, age or roe weight. Infection thus diminishes Paddlefish energy reserves (roe fat) which could in turn impact host fitness. Our results raise questions about the impacts of infection on caviar production and Paddlefish conservation and suggest insights on infection dynamics and parasite strategies. 相似文献
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以大黄鱼鱼卵为主要原料,添加适量的淀粉、食盐、白砂糖、浓缩鸡汁和花生油等辅料,研制大黄鱼鱼籽酱。研制过程中对添加的辅料用量进行了单因素试验,并在此基础上设计L9(34)正交试验,确定大黄鱼鱼籽酱的最佳调味工艺。结果表明,当淀粉添加量为4%,食盐添加量为3%,白砂糖添加量为1.0%,浓缩鸡汁添加量为3%时,所制得的大黄鱼鱼籽酱感官品质评分最高,具备较优的口感、色泽及质地,该研究成果对进一步开发利用大黄鱼鱼籽资源提供了参考依据。 相似文献
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Depletion of sturgeon stocks world-wide has increased interest in aquaculture-based restoration programmes. The Caspian Sea Sturgeon Ranching Programme (SRP) of the former Soviet Union represents a unique opportunity to evaluate expense, benefits and potential ecological and genetic effects of such restoration programmes. The SRP was initiated in the 1950s to compensate for lost spawning habitat in the Volga River and elsewhere. After its completion in 1962, the Volgograd Dam reduced spawning grounds in the Volga River system, the principal spawning tributary of the Caspian Sea, by ∼80%. For two of the three commercial sturgeon species (Russian sturgeon, Acipenser güldenstädti , and stellate sturgeon, A. stellatus ), yields improved after the imposition of the 1962 moratorium on sturgeon harvests in the Caspian Sea. Volga River fisheries were managed for spawning escapement. Although imprecisely known, the contribution of the millions of stocked Russian and stellate juveniles during 1962–91 was most likely important to sustaining fisheries, although less so (contributing to <30% of the adult stock) than natural recruitment. Apparently, reduced spawning grounds, supplemented with artificial spawning reefs were sufficient to support reproduction and large fishery yields of Russian and stellate sturgeons. For beluga sturgeon, Huso huso , harvests in the Volga River were nearly all dependent upon hatchery stocking. Beluga sturgeon spawning grounds were mostly eliminated with the construction of the Volgograd Dam. Without the hatchery programme, beluga sturgeon in the Volga River and Caspian Sea would in all likelihood have been extirpated. Currently, sturgeons are severely depleted in the Volga River and Caspian Sea due to poaching and lack of co-operation between countries exploiting the species. Aquaculture-based restoration in Russia is now viewed a chief means of rebuilding stocks of Caspian Sea sturgeons. 相似文献
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Ellen K Pikitch Phaedra Doukakis Liz Lauck Prosanta Chakrabarty & Daniel L Erickson 《Fish and Fisheries》2005,6(3):233-265
The 27 extant species of sturgeons and paddlefishes (Order Acipenseriformes) represent a unique and relict lineage of fishes. Producers of coveted black caviar, sturgeons are one of the most valuable wildlife commodities on earth. The group is among the most endangered fishes with all species listed under Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) Appendix I (two species) or II (25 species), only two species considered Lower Risk by IUCN, four of the nine US taxa and one Caspian species protected under the Endangered Species Act, and local extinctions recorded for 19 of 27 species. Despite their well‐publicized imperilled status, commercial pressure on 15 species persists. Here, after reviewing the biological characteristics of sturgeons and paddlefishes and their commercial use, an overview of global fisheries is presented. The synopsis demonstrates that, with few exceptions, sturgeon and paddlefish are imperilled across the globe and long‐term survival in the wild is in jeopardy. All major sturgeon fisheries have surpassed peak productivity levels, with 70% of major fisheries posting recent harvests <15% of historic peak catches and 35% of the fisheries examined crashing within 7–20 years of inception. Even in Caspian Sea fisheries, the most important globally, present catches are below 10% of historic peak landings. Improved domestic and international fisheries management and attention to habitat and species restoration is now needed. Although captive rearing offers promise for caviar alternatives and endangered species restoration, it must advance cautiously to avoid environmental harm. To ensure a continued supply of caviar and the survival of these unique fishes we offer recommendations for priority conservation action for the future. 相似文献
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本文通过营养成分分析、物理特性及感官评价等指标,综合分析不同形式的南极磷虾产品(磷虾粉、磷虾膏、磷虾肉糜)对施氏鲟(Acipenser schrenckii)鱼子酱品质的影响。结果表明:各处理组之间以及处理组与对照组(无南极磷虾组)之间,鱼子酱主要营养成分均没有显著差异(P0.05);磷虾粉组的油酸含量显著高于对照组(P0.05);磷虾肉糜组的二十碳五烯酸(EPA)与二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)总和及n-3系列多不饱和脂肪酸总量显著高于其余两处理和对照组(P0.05),而投喂磷虾产品显著降低了n-6系列多不饱和脂肪酸总量(P0.05)。投喂南极磷虾粉,能显著提高鱼子酱的卵径大小、单颗卵重和硬度(P0.05),对鱼卵的断裂性没有显著性影响(P0.05)。色泽方面,磷虾粉组颜色显著低于磷虾肉糜组,磷虾肉糜组显著低于对照组和磷虾膏组(P0.05)。各处理组的感官指标都高于对照组,其中南极磷虾粉组鱼子酱的整体风味最好。在本实验条件下,南极磷虾产品对鱼子酱主要营养成分影响较小,但南极磷虾粉对于鱼子酱的卵径、单颗卵重、硬度、色泽和感官评价值都有明显改善。 相似文献
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