桫椤科2属6种植物叶表皮微形态特征及其分类学意义     

刘后鑫  魏学智  杨瑞林 《热带作物学报》2015,36(10):1808-1813

利用扫描电子显微镜对桫椤科2属6种叶表面角质膜纹饰、表皮毛、气孔器类型、气孔器大小等叶表皮微形态特征进行观察和比较，探讨其分类学意义，编制供试2属6种分类检索表。结果表明：2属6种叶表皮表面角质膜纹饰均为脊状，气孔器大小无显著差异，气孔器类型均为平列型。表皮毛共有4种（囊状毛、片状毛、须状毛、盾状鳞），种间表皮毛差异较大，其中白桫椤表皮毛最丰富。黑桫椤副卫细胞有泡状突起，白桫椤副卫细胞有皱褶，其余4种副卫细胞表面均光滑无纹饰。笔筒树气孔器周围有绒毛层覆盖。黑桫椤、笔筒树气孔器表面有晶体。本研究结果表明2属6种叶表皮微形态特征多样性较为丰富，这些特征可作为种间鉴别的参考依据。  相似文献   

新疆顶冰花属5种早春短命植物叶表皮微结构的研究     

王虹  张卫红  逯永满  杨凡  王咏星 《安徽农业科学》2013,41(10):4264-4267

[目的]对新疆顶冰花属5种早春短命植物的叶表皮微结构进行了比较观察。[方法]利用光学显微镜结合扫描电镜技术,测量并统计了叶表皮细胞和气孔器的一些参数。[结果]新疆顶冰花属植物叶表皮多由长细胞、短细胞、气孔器细胞、乳突和刺毛等结构组成,气孔呈椭圆形或长椭圆形,虽然属内种间整体系统特征是相近的,但叶表皮细胞和气孔的微结构表现出一定的差异。[结论]植物的许多局部细微形态特征对部分种的划分有一定的分类学意义。  相似文献   

松针纤维素降解菌系筛选及产酶条件研究     

王宏燕  张珏  赵承森 《东北农业大学学报》2015,(1):55-61

为研究松针纤维素降解菌系,通过刚果红纤维素平板鉴别初筛菌株,以CMC、滤纸和微晶纤维素3种酶活性高低进行复筛,从土壤中分离筛选出3株松针纤维素分解能力较强的菌株。将复筛获得的菌株进行组合培养,并与其单独培养时酶活大小进行比较,得到1个酶活最佳组合,其CMC、滤纸和微晶纤维素3种酶活力分别为83.39、35.84和122.54 IU,均比单菌株各酶活力高。对该组合产酶条件研究结果表明,该组合在以硝酸钠为氮源,6.0为起始p H时,加入表面活性剂聚乙二醇400时产酶最佳,CMC、滤纸和微晶纤维素3种酶活力分别达到98.03、50.84和140.06 IU。  相似文献   

香港润楠属植物叶表皮形态及分类学意义   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5  

庄雪影  张粤  孙同兴 《华南农业大学学报》2002,23(1):52-54

利用光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察了11种香港润楠属（Machilus Nees)植物叶表皮。在香港润楠属植物中，大多数种类的叶表皮均具有单细胞表皮毛，其气孔复合体均为平列型，保卫细胞两侧或一侧有1个副卫细胞；叶上表皮细胞的形态有较大的差异，主要有3种类型：垂周面平直、浅波状和深波状。叶表皮角质突起饰物的形态也有差异，根据表皮角质突起物的形态可划分出有2种类型。这些表皮特征有助于识别一些在外部形态较相近种类。  相似文献   

海南飘拂草属叶下表皮微型态研究     

李晓霞  沈奕德  黄乔乔  刘延  范志伟 《热带农业科学》2016,(11)

利用光学显微镜技术观察飘拂草属16个种、2个亚种的叶下表皮微型态。结果显示:飘拂草属植物叶下表皮主要由长细胞和气孔器细胞组成,其中长细胞呈现长筒形、短筒形,少数为多边形;气孔器通常1~3列分布于脉间;保卫细胞哑铃型,两端明显或不明显加厚;副卫细胞圆屋顶形、圆屋顶形至三角形、低圆屋顶形或三角形。这表明不同种间叶下表皮特征表现出一定的差异,对种的划分具有一定的分类鉴定意义。  相似文献   

Changes in NMR Relaxation of Rice Grains,Kernel Quality and Physicochemical Properties in Response to a High Temperature after Flowering in Heat-Tolerant and Heat-Sensitive Rice Cultivars     

《Plant Production Science》2013,16(2):185-192

Abstract

Rice productivity is related to the ability of plants to adapt to heat stress. The heat-tolerant cultivars ‘Nikomaru’ and ‘Chikushi 64’ and heat-sensitive cultivar ‘Hinohikari’ were grown at 30ºC and 25ºC for 49 days after flowering. At 30ºC, only a few white immature kernels were produced in ‘Nikomaru’ and ‘Chikushi 64’, but about 22% of grains had immature kernels in ‘Hinohikari’. The high temperature(30ºC) caused no significant changes in grain dry weight, water content, and the NMR T₁ value during the early ripening stage in ‘Nikomaru’ and ‘Chikushi 64’. It also did not affect grain development, especially with respect to the nucellar epidermis, in ‘Nikomaru’ and ‘Chikushi 64’, but caused clear cessation of development of the nucellar epidermis at 14 days after flowering in ‘Hinohikari’. In addition, high temperature decreased the amylose content and increased hardnessvs. adhesion ratio of cooked rice in both ‘Nikomaru’ and ‘Chikushi 64’ resulting a softer, less sticky texture, but not in ‘Hinohikari’. The maximum viscosity and breakdown values were increased, and final viscosity decreased at 30ºC in all three cultivars. These results suggested that starch in the endosperm of grains changed from a fluid state to a doughy state more slowly in ‘Nikomaru’ and ‘Chikushi 64’ than in ‘Hinohikari’, in which the water content and NMR relaxation time decreased, and transported assimilates accumulated slowly during grain development.  相似文献   

幼苗期玉米叶片表皮细胞和气孔量化指标的研究     

李富恒  朱会杰  徐清华  杨洪升  李楠丁  刘增兵 《东北农业大学学报》2014,(12)

以九单48和松玉656两个玉米品种为材料,对幼苗期不同时期各叶片表皮细胞和气孔的量化指标进行较系统的研究。结果表明,在试验范围内,各叶片上下表皮细胞和气孔的长与宽均表现为随着叶片的生长而逐渐增大;各叶片在初次取样时其上下表皮细胞和气孔长与宽的数值是相近的;上表皮细胞短而宽,下表皮细胞长而窄;上表皮气孔长小于下表皮的气孔长、上表皮气孔宽大于下表皮的气孔宽;各叶片上下表皮细胞和气孔的面积均表现为随叶面积增加而逐渐增大;上表皮细胞面积小于下表皮细胞面积,而上表皮气孔面积大于下表皮气孔面积;上下表皮细胞和气孔的密度均随叶面积增加而逐渐减小。  相似文献   

Characterization of the pattern of cytokeratin proteins in the epidermal cells of loach,Misgurnus anguillicaudatus (Cyprinformes)     

Jong-Chang Tsai 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1996,15(4):307-316

The pattern of cytokeratin proteins in the epidermal cells of loach was studied by immunotechniques and partial separation of the epidermal cells. Two monoclonal antibodies, namely 8F7 and 1C45, against the cytokeratin proteins of the loach epidermis were prepared. these two monoclonal antibodies exhibit distinctive results in immunohistochemical staining. The 8F7 monoclonal antibody stains mainly with the epithelial cells, while the 1C45 monoclonal antibody stains specifically with the club cells. The pattern of cytokeratin proteins in the club cells and the epithelial cells of various epidermal layers was further determined by partial separation of these cells. Immunoblotting analysis of the cell fractions confirms the cytokeratin proteins to be differentially expressed in the club cells and the epithelial cells. However, the cytokeratin proteins expressed in the epithelial cells of the basal, middle and outer layers are same. The results indicate that differentiation of the epithelial cells seems limited during their translocation from basal to upper layers, but in those cells that do differentiate into club cells, the cytokeratin pattern changes.  相似文献   

六种国产大帽藓属植物孢蒴表皮的观察   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

韩留福 《干旱区研究》1999,16(1):14-18

通过对尖叶大帽藓，裂瓣大帽藓，高山大帽藓，西藏大藓，西伯利亚大帽藓「Ｅ．ｓｉｂｉｒｉｃａ９Ｗｅｉｎｍａｎ）Ｗａｒｎｓｔ．」剑叶大帽藓孢蒴表皮的观察表明：６种植物孢蒴表皮的气孔形态和分布，表皮细菌排列与细胞壁增厚的方式各有显著的区别特征，可以作为种间分类的依据，并据此编写了分种检索表。  相似文献   

3种黄连叶片表皮特征研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

向刚  傅体华  贾明娟  范巧佳 《四川农业大学学报》2006,24(3):337-343

通过对三角叶黄连、峨嵋黄连、味连等3种黄连的叶片气孔长度、气孔指数、气孔密度及气孔周围细胞数等表皮特征进行了比较研究,结果表明3种黄连叶片上下表皮细胞形状均为不规则型,叶片上表皮细胞垂周壁以波纹型为主;叶片下表皮细胞垂周壁有深波纹型、波纹型和浅波纹型,其中三角叶黄连以深波纹型为主。3种黄连叶片气孔分布在下表皮,属于无规则型。SSR测验气孔长度、气孔指数、气孔密度及气孔周围细胞数等均表现种内差异性比种间差异性大。  相似文献