Influence of Low Light Irradiance on Grain Filling in Rice (Oryza saliva L.) cultivars     

S. R. VOLETI  V. P. SINGH 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1996,176(1):1-4

Time course of grain filling pattern in two rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars, grown under normal and low light intensities, was studied. The number of spikelets, partially filled grains and high density grains were monitored at a 5 day interval during grain filling period from uniform panicles tagged at anthesis. The low light tolerant cultivar Swarnaprabha had more high density grains and less partially filled grains throughout the grain filling period and at harvest compared to cultivar Ratna under both normal and low light intensities. Further, the opening of spikelets in two flushes in Swarnaprabha seemed to result in a more efficient resource allocation and hence better yield as compared to Ratna, in which the opening of spikelets was in a single flush on day 10.  相似文献   

N_(98s)×特青(亚种间杂交稻)抽穗后物质生产及分配特点研究初报     

李之林  吴炎龙  谢利昌  陈英取 《华南农业大学学报》1991,(1)

对N×特青示范田中试区与肥料试验田各处理小区稻株分析结果表明:抽穗后,亚种间杂交稻N×特青比常规稻特青干物质生产能力强,灌浆速度快;地上部各器官占植株干重比例,前者叶片比重大于茎,后者茎比重大于叶。亚种间杂交稻对肥料反应敏感,抽穗后,干物质累积,植株高度,每穗总粒数和粒重均随施肥量增加而增加,在高肥区有利于进一步提高产量,但增施氮肥后,灌浆速度明显滞后。  相似文献   

旱作条件下转甜菜碱醛脱氢酶基因水稻籽粒灌浆特性的研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

孙耀中  东方阳  刘永军  郭学民  杨晓玲  寇亚丽 《干旱地区农业研究》2004,22(2):41-46

在旱作条件下,对转甜菜碱醛脱氢酶(BADH)基因水稻的3个品系(52-7、51-15、51-22)、受体亲本中花8号(ck1)和当地推广的以色列陆稻白珍珠(ck2)的籽粒灌浆特性进行了比较分析。结果表明:5个品种(系)的强、弱势粒灌浆过程均符合Richards模型,强、弱势粒灌浆为异步灌浆型。三个转BADH基因品系与其受体亲本相比,强、弱势粒的灌浆速率提高,活跃灌浆期延长,灌浆高峰期的籽粒重增加;籽粒灌浆中、后期,强势粒的灌浆天数缩短,强、弱势粒的平均灌浆速率提高,且不同粒位籽粒灌浆速率差异减小,最终使不同粒位籽粒大小的差异缩小和粒重增加。最大灌浆速率、平均灌浆速率和灌浆高峰期的粒重与千粒重存在显著正相关。  相似文献   

Contribution of Different Organs to Grain Filling in Durum Wheat under Mediterranean Conditions I. Contribution of Post‐Anthesis Photosynthesis and Remobilization          下载免费PDF全文

O. Merah  P. Monneveux 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2015,201(5):344-352

Under Mediterranean conditions, drought affects cereals production principally through a limitation of grain filling. In this study, the respective role of post‐anthesis photosynthesis and carbon remobilization and the contribution of flag leaf, stem, chaff and awns to grain filling were evaluated under Mediterranean conditions in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum var. durum) cultivars. For the purpose, we examined the effects of shading and excision of different parts of the plant and compared carbon isotope discrimination (Δ) in dry matter of flag leaf, stem, chaff, awns and grain at maturity and in sap of stem, flag leaf, chaff and awns, this last measurement providing information on photosynthesis during a short period preceding sampling. Source–sink manipulations and isotopic imprints of different organs on final isotope composition of the grain confirmed the high contribution of both carbons assimilated by ears and remobilized from stems to grain filling, and the relatively low contribution of leaves to grain filling. Grain Δ was highly and significantly associated with grain yield across treatments, suggesting the utilization of this trait as an indicator of source–sink manipulations effects on grain yield. Chaff and awns Δ were better correlated with grain Δ than stem and leaf Δ, indicating that chaff were more involved in grain filling than other organs. Moreover, in chaff, sap Δ was highly significantly correlated with dry matter Δ. These results suggest the use of Δ for a rapid and non‐destructive estimation of the variation in the contribution of different organs to grain filling.  相似文献   

High night-time temperature during flowering and pod filling affects flower opening,yield and seed fatty acid composition in canola     

Meghnath Pokharel  Anuj Chiluwal  Michael Stamm  Doohong Min  Davina Rhodes  S.V. Krishna Jagadish 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2020,206(5):579-596

Winter canola (Brassica napus L.) is highly sensitive to increasing temperatures during the reproductive and pod-filling stages. Although the impact of high day-time temperature stress on yield and quality has been documented in canola, similar information under high night-time temperature (HNT) stress is not available. Using six hybrids and four open-pollinated cultivars, we observed a marked shift in peak flowering towards earlier, cooler hours of the morning under HNT. Averaged across two independent experiments, the photochemical efficiency of photosystem II was significantly decreased (3%), with a significant increase in thylakoid membrane damage (13%) in the leaves of susceptible cultivars under HNT stress. Similarly, the susceptible cultivars also recorded significant reduction in biomass (34%), pod number (22%), pod weight (37%) and total seed weight (40%) per plant while the same set of agronomic traits were not affected among the tolerant cultivars. Quantitative impact of heat stress was confirmed with increased sensitivity to HNT exposure from gametogenesis until maturity resulting in a significantly higher yield loss compared to stress exposure from post-flowering till maturity. HNT significantly decreased oil concentration, but increased protein concentration and saturated fatty acid levels in seeds of the susceptible cultivars. However, HNT had no impact on the unsaturated fatty acids in both hybrids and the open-pollinated cultivars. Breeding targets based on fatty acid composition for enhancing canola seed quality may not be easily amenable due to the inconsistency documented with the compositional changes under heat stress. In summary, our findings conclude that canola hybrids are better suited to regions experiencing heat stress, compared to open-pollinated cultivars, indicating the possibility of a complete shift to hybrid canola cultivation under predicted hotter climates in the future.  相似文献   

Analysis on the Grain Growing Characters in Wheat under Different Seedling Density     

王文颇  周印富  李彦生  韩金玲 《中国农学通报》2005,21(4):172-172

通过对不同密度处理的小麦子粒生长过程的分析表明：小麦开花后子粒鲜重、体积均呈“低—高—低”的变化,鲜重的变化略滞后,开花后含水量则不断下降,下降速率最快时期与灌浆速率最高时基本吻合。用logistic方程拟合了不同密度小麦子粒灌浆过程,快增期的天数和灌浆速率比较稳定;缓增期天数和灌浆速率的变异系数较大。因此,在提高缓增期灌浆速率的基础上,延长灌浆缓增期是目前增加粒重的关键。  相似文献   

Late nitrogen fertilization affects carbohydrate mobilization in wheat     

Teresa Fuertes‐Mendizbal  Igor Setin  Jos M. Estavillo  M. Begoa Gonzlez‐Moro 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2010,173(6):907-919

An experiment was carried out to determine how the late application of nitrogen (N) fertilizer affects the use of pre‐anthesis carbon reserves during the grain‐filling period of pot‐grown wheat with no water shortage. Increasing doses (equivalent to 0, 140, and 180 kg N ha^–1) of N fertilizer were applied, either in two amendments (stages GS20 and GS30) or in three amendments (stages GS20, GS30, and GS37, according to Zadoks scale). The management of fertilizer by combining an increased N rate with late N application was able to stimulate canopy development, to raise photosynthetic capacity and carbohydrate accumulation during the vegetative stages, and to increase grain yield. Based on the dynamics of carbohydrate accumulation in the ear, three phases were differentiated during the grain‐filling period, whose temporary pattern remained stable regardless of the fertilizer management. The net remobilization of carbohydrates started 12 d after anthesis from the leaves and 28 d after anthesis from roots and stems. The increase of the N dose with late N application allowed on one hand a lower use of the pre‐anthesis carbon reserves in favor of greater de novo photosynthesis during the grain‐filling period, and on the other hand greater relative contribution of the leaf and ear C reserves to remobilization towards the grain. Further splitting the dose increased only the relative contribution of ear C reserves. The stem contribution seemed to be independent of N applied whereas the root contribution tended to diminish with late N application.  相似文献   

两种不同穗型水稻的籽粒灌浆特性分析     

康丽丽  周鸿飞 《河南农业科学》2008,(4):29-32

以直、弯两种穗型水稻各1份材料为试材,通过剪叶与疏花措施,改变灌浆进程,研究了源库关系对水稻籽粒灌浆特性的影响。结果表明,不同穗型水稻籽粒灌浆进程可用Richards进行拟合,从而可以用朱庆森等提出的有关参数对灌浆特性进行解释。剪叶降低水稻籽粒的灌浆速度和终极生长量,导致结实率低,籽粒充实度差,千粒重小而减产,而疏花(剪穗)则相反。  相似文献   

填筑路堤的路堑开挖土石料性能分类研究     

董泽福  邓鄞宇 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》1997,24(1)

提出了以石块为主的用作路堤填料的路堑开挖土石料按岩性进行分类的依据和标准，讨论了用它们填筑路基的施工工艺，质量控制要点及质量指标检测方法。  相似文献   

不同播期对冬小麦粒重形成及产量的影响     

张学品  高海涛  段国辉  吴少辉  杨洪强  冯伟森  牛鑫 《勤云标准版测试》2007,(12)

以4个冬小麦品种为材料,研究了不同播期条件下籽粒灌浆特征参数、粒重和产量的差异。结果表明:播期对千粒重的影响存在差异,洛旱6号、洛麦21号和豫麦49不同播期之间的籽粒千粒重存在显著差异,但播期对偃展4110的千粒重影响不大。在不同播期下,灌浆过程中平均灌浆速率、快增期灌浆速率对粒重的影响较大。播期对不同品种灌浆高峰出现的日期影响基本一致,早播期>晚播期>中播期.但较早播种时,洛旱6号、洛麦21号和豫麦49灌浆高峰出现较早,灌浆速率大,晚播时偃展4110灌浆高峰出现较早,灌浆速率大。播期对4个品种产量的影响均以中播最高,在河南旱区生态条件下,似偃展4110的春性品种适宜播期为10月中下旬,洛旱6号、洛麦21号等似豫麦49的半冬性品种适宜播期为10月中旬。  相似文献