灯盏花成分专用型种源评价与鉴定     

李锐  刘冠泽  卢迎春  杨建文  关德军  杨生超 《热带作物学报》2019,40(9):1713-1722

收集和鉴定了云南省和贵州省共46份灯盏花种质资源,筛选出适合生产不同药品的成分专用型种源,为专用型品种选育提供参考。利用HPLC测定了灯盏花种源10种活性成分含量,相关分析阐明各成分含量间的相关性,聚类分析对种质资源进行分类。结果表明：16份灯盏花种源灯盏乙素（scutellarin, SE）含量在2.5%以上,是培育灯盏花素专用型品种的优良材料,其中4份种源同时含有高含量（>1.0%）的双咖啡酰奎宁酸酯（dicaffeoylquinic acids, diCQAs）,是培育灯盏细辛专用型品种的优良材料;同时,筛选出8份总黄酮（total flavonoids, TFs）含量高于3.5%的种源,适合选育总黄酮专用品种。相关性分析表明,SE含量与diCQAs和TFs含量均显著正相关,是灯盏花品质育种的标志性成分。聚类分析将灯盏花种源分为三大类,除1个种源的SE含量和diCQAs含量接近（第Ⅲ类）外,其他种源SE均占总活性成分的60%以上,其中第Ⅰ类为高TFs型种源,TFs占到总活性成分的80%以上,diCQAs占总成分的15%以下;第Ⅱ类为高diCQAs型种源,diCQAs占总成分的16.9%~28.9%,TFs占到总活性成分的80%以下。该结果表明灯盏花种源活性成分组成存在多种类型,为专用型品种选育提供了可能,灯盏乙素含量可以作为专用型种源筛选的首要指标。  相似文献   

文心兰种质遗传多样性的SRAP分析     

周艳霞  尹俊梅  任羽  杨光穗 《热带作物学报》2009,29(7):43-46

利用SRAP标记分析文心兰部分种质资源的遗传多样性，采用30对引物组合对33份文心兰种质进行扩增，从中筛选出19个多态性较高的引物组合，共产生277条多态性条带，平均每个引物组合产生14.6个多态性条带，相似系数在0.280～0.927。通过聚类分析发现，在值为0.37时，可将33份文心兰种质划分为4大类群。第Ⅰ类厚叶大花品种，第Ⅱ类为厚叶小花品种，第Ⅲ、第Ⅳ类均为类薄叶品种。 结果表明，文心兰种质的聚类与其遗传背景有很大的关系。  相似文献   

115份贵州茶树资源氨基酸和茶氨酸分析与特异资源筛选     

杨春  乔大河  郭燕  梁思慧  林开勤  陈正武 《浙江农业学报》2022,34(7):1351

为筛选高氨基酸和高茶氨酸茶树资源,探明贵州茶树资源氨基酸和茶氨酸特性,本研究分别利用分光光度法和高效液相色谱法测定115份贵州地方茶树资源春季一芽二叶生化样的氨基酸总量和茶氨酸含量。结果表明:115份茶树资源的氨基酸总量在0.95%~7.96%,平均值为3.40%;茶氨酸含量在0~3.80%,平均值为1.58%;茶氨酸占比在0~67.66%,且集中分布于40%~<60%。在这115份茶树资源中,发现特异高氨基酸(氨基酸总量≥5%)茶树资源11份、特异高茶氨酸(茶氨酸含量≥3%)茶树资源3份。不同地方的茶树资源,其氨基酸总量和茶氨酸含量存在较大差异,其中,贵定、黎平和石阡的茶树资源表现出较高的氨基酸总量和茶氨酸含量,而三都和普安的茶树资源氨基酸总量和茶氨酸含量显著(P<0.05)低于其他地方。来自三都的突肋茶(Camellia costata)资源表现出更原始的生化性状,均未检测出茶氨酸。聚类分析结果显示,115份茶树资源可分为5类,其中,石苔14号以远高于其他资源的氨基酸总量和茶氨酸含量单独分为一类。  相似文献   

逐步判别分析在棉花抗红铃虫性评价中的应用     

雷朝亮  钟昌珍  宗良炳  吴家全  文小华 《棉花学报》1992,(1)

应用逐步判别分析方法对36个棉花种质进行了抗红铃虫性评价,从13个抗性鉴定指标中筛选出了3个指标.即百铃活虫数(x_7)、第三代百株卵量(x_(11))、单铃侵入孔(x_(13))。据此组建了决定品种(系)抗性级别的判别函数。其对原品种(系)的回判准确率在91.70％以上,对待判品种(系)的准确率在90.90％以上,而误判种质的理论抗性级别与实际抗性级别也仅相差一个级差。  相似文献   

RAPD markers for discriminating tea germplasms at the inter-specific level in China   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

L. Chen  S. Yamaguchi 《Plant Breeding》2005,124(4):404-409

For the discrimination of tea germplasms at the inter‐specific level, four tea species and varieties (Camellia sinensis, C. sinensis var. assamica, C. sinensis var. pubilimba, C. sinensis var. kucha) and their 20 wild allied species (C. sp.) preserved in the China National Germplasm Tea Repositories (CNGTR) were investigated using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Fifteen primers were chosen from the 61 screened for RAPD amplification. The average DNA polymorphic frequency of RAPD primers at the inter‐specific level was 0.30, varying from 0.16 to 0.60, lower than that at the intra‐specific level. Using the presence, sometimes absence of unique RAPD markers, it was possible to discriminate 14 of the germplasms investigated. No single primer could discriminate all the 24 germplasms. However, OPO‐13 provided rich band patterns and it could discriminate 10 genotypes. The combination of two and three primers made it possible to discriminate 15 and 21 germplasms, respectively. Furthermore, the combination of band patterns or the DNA fingerprinting based on specific RAPD markers generated by OPO‐13, OPO‐18, OPG‐12 and OPA‐13 allowed the discrimination of all 24 germplasms investigated. Therefore, RAPD markers also provide a powerful tool to differentiate tea germplasms at the inter‐specific level.  相似文献   

利用RAPD技术对碧桃种质资源的分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

程中平 《西南大学学报(自然科学版)》2003,25(1):4-6

利用RAPD技术,采用从200个随机引物中筛选的22个随机引物对8个碧桃类型的基因组DNA进行扩增,通过扩增的180个位点的谱带的聚类,分析供试碧桃的系统发育,并运用特殊谱带,建立了碧桃的分子检索表,并提出了重点保存的碧桃种质。  相似文献   

水稻种质资源的分子鉴定和育种利用     

叶卫军  胡时开  李媛媛  马伯军  郭龙彪 《分子植物育种》2013,(4):625-633

水稻种质资源包括栽培稻、野生稻及育种材料等各种类型,是水稻新品种选育、生物技术研究以及农业生产的物质基础。中国具有丰富的水稻种质资源,但其利用率却不高,原因之一就在于传统方法不能够对其进行准确的研究评价。理想的分子标记具有稳定性高、重复性好、检测简单快速和共显性遗传等优点。本文综述了分子标记技术在水稻种质资源遗传多样性分析、重要功能基因的挖掘、品种DNA指纹库的构建及分子育种材料遗传基础的拓展等方面的作用,旨在为更充分的将分子标记技术应用于水稻种质资源的鉴定和分子育种提供参考。  相似文献   

十字花科作物耐盐种质研究现状及展望     

王洁 《现代农业科技》2019,(12)

盐胁迫是严重影响作物生长发育的主要非生物胁迫之一。植物在盐胁迫下会产生一系列生理生化变化,创制改良耐盐种质、培育耐盐品种是提高农作物耐盐性的有效手段。十字花科作物是重要的蔬菜和经济作物。本文系统总结了近年来国内外十字花科作物耐盐性研究的相关进展,主要包括耐盐种质鉴定方法及技术、耐盐种质筛选、耐盐分子机理等,以期为十字花科作物耐盐种质创制和新品种遗传选育提供有益的参考。  相似文献   

Quality traits related to lipid component in hemp(Cannabis Sativa L.) germplasm     

Jiangjiang Zhang  Li Chang  Jiangtao Yan  Susmita Dey  Defang Li  Lining Zhao 《中国油料作物学报(英文)》2019,(2):110-117

In order to accelerate breeding progress of oil-used hemp, 8 quality traits related to lipid component were measured and analyzed in 55 representative hemp germplasms. Results showed that linolenic acid content had the highest variance coefficient of 51.67% as well as protein content had minimum variance coefficient of 4.07%. Correlation analysis showed that total oil content was significantly positively correlated to linolenic acid, while significantly negatively correlated with oleinic acid. Protein content was significantly positively correlated with linolenic acid but significantly negatively with stearic acid. Both total oil and protein content were closely correlated with other traits. The first 3 PCs from principal component analysis of 8 traits accounted for 83.53% contribution. All hemp germplasms were classified into 3 groups at the level of euclidian distance D=8.5 using cluster analysis. The above analysis and classification may provide a reliable theoretical basis and technological guidance for germplasms utilizing and accelerating breeding process.  相似文献   

Improvement of diagnostic markers for resistance to Globodera pallida and application for selection of resistant germplasms in potato breeding     

Kenji Asano  Etsuo Shimosaka  Yoko Yamashita  Takashi Narabu  Satoshi Aiba  Itaru Sakata  Kotaro Akai  Satoshi Okamoto  Seiji Tamiya 《Breeding Science》2021,71(3):354

Occurrence of pale potato cyst nematode, Globodera pallida (Stone) Behrens, was first recorded in Japan in 2015. Among several control measures, cultivation of resistant potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) varieties is the most effective in cost and environmental impact. As no G. pallida-resistant varieties have yet been developed in Japan, great emphasis is being placed on screening of germplasm possessing the resistance and development of the resistant varieties. In this study, we first improved previously reported DNA markers linked to the G. pallida resistance loci (GpaIV^s_adg and Gpa5) and then used these to screen more than 1,000 germplasms to select several candidate germplasms with resistance. We performed inoculation testing on the selected candidates and identified several resistant germplasms to the Japanese G. pallida population. Furthermore, we developed a simultaneous detection method combining three DNA markers linked to G. pallida and Globodera rostochiensis (Wollenweber) Behrens resistance loci. We validated the ability of C237-I marker to select resistant allele of GpaIV^s_adg and predict the presence of resistance in a Japanese breeding population. Resistant germplasms identified in this study could potentially be used to develop G. pallida-resistant varieties. The marker evaluation methods developed in this study will contribute to the efficient development of resistant varieties.  相似文献