Root exudation of prometryn and its metabolites from Chinese celery (Apium graveolens)     

Yingai Gui  Wei Yu  Xiangwu Ge  Haiyan Li  Chengpeng Sun  Xiqin Mao  Kuijing Yuan 《Journal of Pesticide Science》2022,47(1):1

Root exudates from Chinese celery (Apium graveolens) and Chinese cabbage (pak choi, Brassica chinensis) plants treated by prometryn, an herbicide, were qualitatively and quantitatively investigated and compared under hydroponic cultivation. Prometryn and its metabolites released into the nutrient solution were analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatograph coupled with orbitrap mass spectrometer to investigate whether this xylem-mobile herbicide is exuded from the roots. The results showed that celery and pak choi had different root exudation profiles. Celery metabolized prometryn to prometryn sulfoxide and released both compounds from the roots. In contrast, pak choi barely metabolized or actively released prometryn from the roots. The concentration of prometryn sulfoxide released from celery after 96 hr was 21 µg/L, which was nearly one-third that of released prometryn. Our results indicate that the root exudation and translocation of xylem-mobile herbicides could be significant in plants and are highly species dependent compared with phloem-mobile herbicides.  相似文献   

注意力与多尺度特征融合的水培芥蓝花蕾检测   总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1  

夏红梅  赵楷东  江林桓  刘园杰  甄文斌 《农业工程学报》2021,37(23):161-168

准确辨识水培芥蓝花蕾特征是区分其成熟度,实现及时采收的关键。该研究针对自然环境下不同品种与成熟度的水培芥蓝花蕾外形与尺度差异大、花蕾颜色与茎叶相近等问题,提出一种注意力与多尺度特征融合的Faster R-CNN水培芥蓝花蕾分类检测模型。采用InceptionV3的前37层作为基础特征提取网络,在其ReductionA、InceptionA和InceptionB模块后分别嵌入SENet模块,将基础特征提取网络的第2组至第4组卷积特征图通过FPN特征金字塔网络层分别进行叠加后作为特征图输出,依据花蕾目标框尺寸统计结果在各FPN特征图上设计不同锚点尺寸。对绿宝芥蓝、香港白花芥蓝及两个品种的混合数据集测试的平均精度均值mAP最高为96.5%,最低为95.9%,表明模型能实现不同品种水培芥蓝高准确率检测。消融试验结果表明,基础特征提取网络引入SENet或FPN模块对不同成熟度花蕾的检测准确率均有提升作用,同时融合SENet模块和FPN模块对未成熟花蕾检测的平均准确率AP为92.3%,对成熟花蕾检测的AP为98.2%,对过成熟花蕾检测的AP为97.9%,不同成熟度花蕾检测的mAP为96.1%,表明模型设计合理,能充分发挥各模块的优势。相比VGG16、ResNet50、ResNet101和InceptionV3网络,模型对不同成熟度花蕾检测的mAP分别提高了10.8%、8.3%、 6.9%和12.7%,检测性能具有较大提升。在召回率为80%时,模型对不同成熟度水培芥蓝花蕾检测的准确率均能保持在90%以上,具有较高的鲁棒性。该研究结果可为确定水培芥蓝采收期提供依据。  相似文献   

Analysis of amino acid uptake and translocation in Arabidopsis with a low‐cost hydroponic system          下载免费PDF全文

Réjane Pratelli  Shelton Boyd  Guillaume Pilot 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2016,179(2):286-293

In soils, amino acids may be an important source of nitrogen for plants, at least in those where organic matter is not quickly degraded. The physiology of uptake of amino acids by roots was mainly studied in the 70's and 80's, before genes encoding amino acid importers were cloned in the 90's. While two families of amino acid transporters have been identified, yielding a total of about 100 genes, the role of each member is yet to be elucidated. As a tool for studying the role of amino acid transporters from Arabidopsis we set up a new hydroponic system suitable for radioisotope use. This system enables reproducible amino acid uptake by roots and estimation of the transport to the shoots of the amino acid taken up. We show that the rates of glutamine (Gln) uptake by wild‐type roots and transfer to the shoots were linear, and that other tested amino acids were translocated to the shoots with lower efficiency than Gln. A T‐DNA insertion mutant for a Gln exporter was compared to the wild‐type plants. Gln uptake and transfer were similar in both genotypes, showing that the suppression of the exporter did not affect uptake or transfer of amino acids to the shoots. The main advantage of the hydroponic system presented here is that all the materials used to grow Arabidopsis are virtually free and can therefore be discarded, a useful feature when working with radioactivity.  相似文献   

欧洲水培叶菜机械规模化生产系统   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

秦四春  辜松  王跃文 《农机化研究》2017,(12):264-269

针对水培叶菜规模化生产,介绍了欧洲水培叶菜自动化生产装备系统与技术。首先,说明水培技术高效循环生产、避免土壤环境污染的优势,论述了水培叶菜的主要作业流程。基于水培叶菜作业流程,通过实物图片介绍了欧洲水培叶菜生产中基质处理、精量播种、种苗移植、叶菜收获和生产资材自动输送等环节装备和技术。对比国内水培蔬菜的生产模式与具体国情,提出了研学欧洲先进的生产作业装备技术和物流化生产作业思想理念,结合我国水培蔬菜生产模式,优化完善叶菜丸粒化精量播种技术,开发研制叶菜种苗移植设备,针对不同水培叶菜生产企业及生产方式,量身定制开发设计物流化生产输送系统,达到提高生产效率、降低劳动强度、减少生产劳动力的目的,有效提高我国水培蔬菜生产的竞争力。  相似文献   

Cd~(2+)处理对两种豆科作物幼苗生长的影响   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7  

崔玮  张芬琴  金自学 《农业环境科学学报》2004,23(1):60-63

采用溶液培养法研究了Cd^2 处理对2种豆科作物幼苗生长的影响。结果表明，较高浓度(500μmol．L^-1)的Cd^2 处理能明显影响绿豆和箭舌豌豆幼苗的生长，使2种豆科作物的地上和地下部分的伸长生长与干物质积累均低于对照。这种影响与Cd^2 处理降低根系活力、叶片中的总钼(Mo)量、硝态氮以及全磷含量和硝酸还原酶活性(NR)等有关。相比之下，Cd^2 处理对绿豆幼苗生长的影响大于对箭舌豌豆的，暗示后者的幼苗生长对Cd^2 胁迫的忍耐性较强。  相似文献   

Tomato productivity and the associated composition of the hydroponic or soil solution     

C. M. Geraldson 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(8):1091-1098

The concentration and balance of nutrients in both the hydroponic or soil solution has been evaluated with relevance to tomato productivity. Yields of 200 mt/ha have been produced in greenhouse, hydroponic culture in a 9 to 10 month period. Yields of more than 100 mt/ha of field grown tomatoes have been produced in Florida in a 4 to 5 month period. Within the limitations of either culture, it is possible per unit of time to provide the nutrients required to produce equivalent yields. It is most significant that field grown tomatoes in Florida can be grown with minimal management and at a fraction of the cost of those grown hydroponically. The validity of the Florida fresh market tomato industry is based on the production efficiency of the field culture. There are annually 16,000 ha of tomatoes grown in Florida, perhaps less than 40 ha grown in hydroponic cultures.  相似文献   

一种管道水培叶菜变方位包络定心抓取方式     

甄文斌  冯俊杰  董朝  李刘全  何梓源  邓楚恒  夏红梅 《农业工程学报》2023,39(20):46-54

将不同位姿的水培叶菜包络定心夹持到种植孔中心取出，是实现茎秆精准根切，避免根部残留在管道内的关键。针对定方位抓取方式在一些方位上对叶菜向心包络扶起作用小，抓取成功率低的问题，提出一种在夹持过程中使夹手相对种植孔中心转动的变方位抓取方式。以水培绿宝芥蓝为抓取对象，建立夹手张开伸入、绕种植孔中心转动及闭合夹紧时的尺寸参数关系模型；构建包络定心夹持多刚体动力学仿真模型，对初始倾角为50°、65°和80°，相对种植孔边缘均布的8个方位P₁～P₈上的芥蓝进行包络夹持过程仿真分析；搭建抓取试验平台，对初始倾角为45°～60°、>60°～75°和 >75°～90°，方位为P₁～P₈的芥蓝进行抓取试验。分析确定两手指初始张开角为15°，闭合夹角为30°，夹手变方位转动角为45°，夹手转动速度为两手指转动速度的2倍。仿真获得的变方位夹持倾角为82.18°～88.96°，优于定方位夹持倾角80.32°～88.57°；抓取试验获得的变方位抓持倾角为82.83°～89.65°，优于定方位抓持倾角70.70°～89.27°，仿真与试验结果具有较好一致性，表明变方位夹持不同位姿芥蓝的向心包络扶起作用效果更好。3种初始倾角的变方位抓取试验获得的成功率均值分别为91.67%、95.83%和100.00%，定方位抓取成功率均值分别为87.50%、91.67%和100.00%，表明初始倾角越大抓取机构可获得的抓取成功率越高，变方位抓取初始倾角小的芥蓝可获得更高的成功率；不计P₂方位双层手指伸入碰倒芥蓝样本，变方位抓取获得的最小抓取成功率均值为91.70%，相比定方位在P₁～P₈方位上均具有更好的包络定心抓取效果。研究可为管道水培叶菜采收装备的研制提供依据。  相似文献   

Response of hydroponic lettuce to aeration,nitrate and potassium in the nutrient solution     

Daniela Alvarado-Camarillo  José Antonio González-Fuentes  Emilio Rascón-Alvarado  Fidel Maximiano Peña-Ramos 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2020,70(4):341-348

  相似文献   

盐胁迫对番茄幼苗转化酶表达及糖代谢的影响          下载免费PDF全文

程智慧  高芸  孟烯文 《西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2007,35(1):184-188

以栽培番茄(Ly cop ersicon escu lentum M ill.)品种中杂9号6叶期幼苗为试验材料,在水培条件下研究了50,100,200,400 m g/L N aC l胁迫处理对番茄幼苗根系和叶片转化酶活性表达,及叶片中葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖和淀粉代谢的影响。结果表明,转化酶的表达水平与盐胁迫强度和时间有密切关系,根系中转化酶在50 m g/LN aC l胁迫后5和11 d,或100 m g/L N aC l胁迫5和13 d均有极显著高表达;200和400 m g/L N aC l胁迫后11 d有极显著表达;叶片对微盐和高盐伤害的抵御反应强烈,转化酶在50和400 m g/L N aC l胁迫后11 d有显著表达。与叶片中转化酶表达的胁迫强度和胁迫时间相关,叶片中葡萄糖、果糖和蔗糖水平提高;胁迫后至第11天,50,100和200 m g/L N aC l处理叶片中淀粉含量增幅随胁迫强度的增加而增大,而400 m g/L N aC l处理的增幅较小。  相似文献   

水分胁迫对番茄叶片气孔传导及光合色素的影响   总被引：11，自引：1，他引：11  

程智慧  孟焕文  Stephen A Rolfe 《西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2002,30(6):93-96

以栽培番茄品种AilsaCraig的6叶期幼苗为试验材料,在水培条件下研究了50,75和100g/LPEG水分胁迫对叶片气孔传导、光合色素含量及发叶速度的影响。结果表明,水分胁迫使气孔传导度和发叶速度降低,光合色素增加。气孔传导度和发叶速度的降低均与水分胁迫强度和持续时间有关,而光合色素的增加主要与胁迫持续时间有关。  相似文献