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从西安市北郊污灌区采集土样,用添加K2Cr2O75 μg·mL-1和青霉素2 μg·mL-1的高氏1号、HV和SC固体培养基分离到120株具有链霉菌特征的放线菌.采用浓度梯度法,用含Pb2+培养基对分离菌株进行筛选,得到50株抗铅链霉菌.在抗铅能力实验结果的基础上,选取14株抗性较强链霉菌代表菌株进行形态培养特征、生理生化和16S rDNA基因序列相似性等分析.结果表明,14株代表菌株可归为6个不同的颜色类群,其表型特征与生理生化性质和链霉菌相符合,在系统发育树上处于8个不同的进化分支.菌株HQ0031与已知链霉菌相似性差异较大,可能为链霉菌属内1个潜在新种.研究表明西安市北郊污灌区土壤中抗铅链霉菌具有丰富的多样性,可为重金属污染环境的生物修复提供有益的微生物资源. 相似文献
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从西安市北郊污灌区采集土样,用添加K2Cr2O7 75 μg·mL^-1和青霉素2 μg·mL^-1的高氏1号、HV和SC固体培养基分离到120株具有链霉菌特征的放线菌。采用浓度梯度法,用含Pb^2＋培养基对分离菌株进行筛选,得到50株抗铅链霉菌。在抗铅能力实验结果的基础上,选取14株抗性较强链霉菌代表菌株进行形态培养特征、生理生化和16S rDNA基因序列相似性等分析。结果表明,14株代表菌株可归为6个不同的颜色类群,其表型特征与生理生化性质和链霉菌相符合,在系统发育树上处于8个不同的进化分支。菌株HQ0031与已知链霉菌相似性差异较大,可能为链霉菌属内1个潜在新种。研究表明西安市北郊污灌区土壤中抗铅链霉菌具有丰富的多样性,可为重金属污染环境的生物修复提供有益的微生物资源。 相似文献
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链霉菌S417菌株发酵液的抗真菌活性及稳定性研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以16种植物病原真菌为供试菌,采用菌丝生长速率法测定拮抗链霉菌S417发酵液的抑菌谱;以采后香蕉炭疽病菌为指示菌,管碟法测定发酵液经不同理化园子处理后的抑菌活性.结果显示:链霉菌S417发酵液对16种植物病原真菌均具有不同程度的抑菌活性,其中对香蕉炭疽病菌、玉米大斑病菌等5种真菌的抑制率在82.53％～69.63％之间,显著高于其他供试菌株.120℃处理20 min,发酵液仍有较强抑菌活性;紫外线照射25 min,对发酵液抑菌活性无显著影响;阳光照射4h,抑菌活性丧失;发酵液对酸碱稳定,在pH值6.0时活性最强. 相似文献
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Elvia Martinez Blanco 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2007,39(1):268-275
Effective control of soilborne pathogens remains a challenge in agricultural systems. As part of an integrated pest management strategy, one approach to increase disease control is the active management of indigenous pathogen antagonists found in soil microbial communities. The focus of this study was the in vitro characterization of streptomycetes, bacteria commonly found in soil and known antibiotic-producers. Streptomycete isolates from watermelon and sorghum fields in south Texas were evaluated for their inhibitory activity and diversity of inhibitory phenotypes against a well characterized reference collection of streptomycetes isolated from Minnesota agricultural soils. Higher streptomycete densities, zones of inhibition and diversity of inhibitory phenotypes were found for isolates from sorghum fields compared to watermelon fields. These results suggest that increasing the density and activity of the indigenous microbes may provide additional disease control in these agricultural systems. 相似文献
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Summary We tested 75 strains of Streptomyces spp. (25 taken from each environment of soil, rhizosphere, and mycorrhizosphere of pine, Pinus sylvestris L.) and all exhibited chitinolytic activity and hydrolysed gelatine and sodium caseinate in agar media. Enrichment of these media with glucose and NH4NO3 caused induction or stimulation of proteolytic Streptomyces spp. strains (80%) derived from root-free soil; inhibition of this activity was observed in most strains (92%) isolated from the root zone. The post-culture liquids of the rhizosphere strains cultured in the absence of glucose revealed a significantly higher proteolytic activity than those obtained from the root-free soil. The addition of glucose to the medium stimulated proteolytic activity in the post-culture broth of Streptomyces strains derived from soil and the mycorrhizosphere. 相似文献
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【目的】筛选出高浓度铅耐受菌株,探明其生物学特性,为重金属污染环境的微生物修复提供理想菌株。【方法】采用选择性培养基从矿区重金属污染新鲜土中筛选耐铅菌株,并对其理化特性、耐受性及吸附铅能力等进行研究。【结果】筛选获得的菌株J3能在含铅量为1000mg·L-1的培养基中正常生长,在pH5.0～11.0、NaCl浓度1.5%～3.5%时生长良好;能在含有不同浓度四环素、红霉素、氯霉素、青霉素的环境下生长。随着培养基中初始铅浓度的增大,菌株对铅离子的吸附能力也随之增大,并在对数生长期吸附效果相对最佳。【结论】菌株J3对重金属铅有较强的耐受性和环境适应能力,将其用于实际修复具有一定的可行性。 相似文献
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[目的]针对山西省重金属铅污染的问题,开展耐铅菌株的筛选工作,以期为微生物修复土壤提供理想菌株。[方法]采用选择性培养基从重金属污染的新鲜土中筛选耐铅菌株,经生理生化分析及16SrDNA基因扩增测序对其进行初步鉴定。[结果]最终筛选出一株高耐铅菌株GDYX03,鉴定为肠杆菌属(Enterobacter)。该菌株最佳培养条件：接种量为10%,通气量选择10 mL装液量,温度为30 ℃,pH值为6。菌株GDYX03的最大耐铅浓度达2000 mg/L,在含铅水溶液中对铅吸附率高达98.88 %,吸附量达19.78 mg/g。[结论]该实验筛选出的高耐铅菌株对铅具有较高的吸附效果,可用于重金属污染土壤的微生物修复。 相似文献
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Identification of conditions underlying production of geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol in a recirculating system 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol (MIB) are semi-volatile terpenoid compounds produced as secondary metabolites by benthic and planktonic cyanobacteria, several genera of fungi, and various actinomycetes. These off-flavor compounds pose a heavy economic burden in the aquaculture industry rendering fish unmarketable unless purified by purging with large quantities of clean water. In the present study, the presence of off-flavor compounds was examined in a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) for tilapia culture. In this zero-discharge system, where water from the fish basins is recirculated through parallel aerobic (drum filter and a trickling filter) and anaerobic treatment loops (sedimentation/digestion basin), concentrations of geosmin and, in particular, MIB were highest in the aerobic treatment loop. Lowest concentrations were detected in the anaerobic treatment loop. This latter finding pointed toward a possible reduction of these compounds in this basin. Two bacterial strains of the streptomycetes family were isolated from the aerobic, organic-rich, drum filter and the nitrifying trickling filter. In vitro tests with these isolates, closely related to Streptomyces roseoflavus and Streptomyces thermocarboxydus, revealed that MIB production exceeded geosmin production under all conditions tested and was significantly higher under aerobic than under anoxic conditions. Under the latter conditions, with nitrate as an electron donor, the S. roseoflavus-like isolate was capable of denitrification. Based on the results obtained in this study, it was concluded that aerobic, organic-rich conditions stimulate the growth of actinomycetes and subsequent production of geosmin and MIB in the system. The observed reduction of these compounds in the anaerobic water treatment component may serve in designing treatment steps aimed at alleviating the problem of geosmin and MIB accumulation in recirculating systems. 相似文献
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Summary Our studies have revealed that streptomycetes inhabiting root-free soil and the root zone of pine trees differ in their capacity to produce cellulolytic and pectolytic enzymes. Most of the root-zone organisms but only a few of the root-free soil isolates exhibited cellulolytic activity. A few of the root-zone organisms but no soil isolate showed pectolytic activity. In general the cellulolytic activity was higher in cellulase producers from the root zone than in those derived from the root-free soil. The streptomycetes studied produced only endopolymethylgalacturonase. The mean total activity of this enzyme was higher in the rhizosphere isolates but the mean specific activity was higher in the mycorrhizosphere organisms. 相似文献
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