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1.
长武塬区苹果园和农田相互转换的深层土壤水环境效应 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究长武塬区苹果园和农田相互转换后0~1 000 cm土壤含水量特征,分析了苹果园土壤干燥化和苹果园转换为农田后土壤水分的恢复效应。结果表明:2、7、17、23、29 a苹果园200~1 000 cm的平均土壤含水量分别为22.8%、21.4%、16.8%、15.4%、14.9%。500~1 000 cm土层中,29 a苹果园平均土壤含水量(14.5%)高于23 a的果园(13.3%);17~29 a的苹果园均表现为轻度干燥化;基于苹果园和农田转换后土壤水分变化情况估算,苹果园最大种植年限为21 a。苹果园转换为农田1、5、10 a后,农田200~1 000 cm土层土壤含水量分别为:15.3%、15.7%和16.2%,恢复到土壤稳定湿度以上的土层厚度分别为140 cm(1 a)、220 cm(5 a)和400 cm(10 a)。 相似文献
2.
以苯—乙醇为夹带剂,研究超临界CO2流体不同处理压力、温度、时间对福建产杉木、马尾松、檫木木材渗透性的影响。结果表明,在35 MPa内,处理压力的增大有利于3种木材渗透性的提高;杉木在处理温度为40℃时,渗透性的变化率达到最大,为493%,马尾松和檫木在处理温度为45℃时,渗透性的变化率达到最大,分别为479%和349%;较佳的处理时间为30 min。 相似文献
3.
在三种库房里对五种不同含水率、两种包装的华北落叶松种子进行了60个月的贮藏试验。结果认为,含水率5.19/5~8.0%的落叶松种子可以在三种库房密封贮藏39个月。种子贮藏的最佳含水率为6.6%~8.0%,最佳的库房是冷库(0C~5C)。磨口瓶与布袋在冷库贮藏效果差异不明显;地下库不能用布袋贮藏;在普通常温库中磨口瓶比布袋能多贮藏12个~18个月。 相似文献
4.
P. Gustin B. Urbain A. Delaunois K. Zeimes M. Ansay 《Veterinary research communications》1992,16(1):69-82
The right and left lungs of 5 healthy Minipigs and of 13 healthy Landrace piglets were isolated, perfused at constant pressure and maintained in an isogravimetric state under zone III conditions (pulmonary venous pressure>alveolar pressure). By applying the double, arterial and venous, occlusion technique, the total blood flow resistance (R
t) was partitioned into four components: arterial (R
a), pre-(R
a) and post-capillary (R
v) and venous (R
v). The capillary filtration coefficient (K
f,c) was evaluated by measuring the weight gained by the lungs when the arterial and venous pressures were suddenly increased. In the youngest Landrace piglets (5 weeks old), there was an uncontrolled vasoconstriction which sometimes prevented perfusion of the lungs and induced a large increase inR
t. These high values ofR
t were decreased by tolazoline administration. The values ofR
t recorded in older pigs (12–13 weeks old) were lower in Minipigs (33.66±3.77 cmH2O min L–1 per 100 g of lungs;n=5) than in Landrace piglets (55.20±6.18 cmH2O min L–1 per 100 g;n=5). This breed difference was due to the differences inR
a andR
v. The mean values ofK
f,c were 0.193±0.015 and 0.202±0.029 ml min (cmH2O)–1 per 100 g of the lungs in Minipigs and Landrace piglets respectively. All these parameters were stable for the 3 hours following the equilibrium period. It was concluded that: (1) There is an age-related maturation of the control of the vasomotor tone in porcine lungs. (2) Pulmonary microvascular haemodynamics are influenced by the breed of the pigs. (3) There was no difference in theK
f,c values between both the breeds. (4) A comparison of the values reported for dogs and rabbits with our data shows that the pre- and post-capillary resistances and, to a lesser extent, the arterial and venous resistances are relatively high in pigs. 相似文献
5.
The increased microvascular permeability appears mainly in venule during inflammation, shock, and burns. Endothelial cells play an important role in venule permeability enhancement. There are two kinds of pathway for macromolecule extravasation. One is paracellular pathway and another is transcellular pathway, which are related to the formation of endothelial gap or transcellular openings seperately. The alteration of intercellular related protein, such as occludin, claudin, zona occludens (ZO), junctional adhesion molecule (JAM), VE cadherin, catenin, integrin, etc, and the alteration of endothelial cytoskeleton, such as rearrangement of actin filament, formation of stress fiber and focal adhesion, etc, involve in the pathogenesis of increased microvascular permeability. 相似文献
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8.
We describe the classification of landscapes characterised bymineral soil using a model that calculates soil moisture availability on amonthly basis. Scotland is used as a case study area. The model uses potentialsoil moisture deficit, estimated using broad scale (40 × 40 km)climate patterns, in conjunction with meteorological station measurements toobtain finer scale values of climatic soil moisture deficit. Point estimates ofsoil available water are obtained for soil characteristics using appropriatepedotransfer functions, and geostatistical techniques are used to upscale theresults and interpolate to a 1-km grid. Known heterogeneityin soil physical characteristics is used to provide local corrections to thepotential soil moisture deficit, estimated using the climatic variables above.Temporal profiles of monthly water content are modelled for each1-km location and classified into six classes usingunsupervised cluster analysis. The spatial distribution of these classesreflects regional variations in the availability of moisture and energy, onwhich finer-grained topographic patterns are superimposed. In the case study,the broad scale spatial heterogeneity of heathlands and grasslands on mineralsoils in Scotland is shown to be strongly related to the soil moistureclassification. The results can be used in studies investigating the patternsofdistribution of communities at the landscape and regional scale.This revised version was published online in May 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
9.
AIM and METHODS:The animal model of acute lung injury (ALI) caused by intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharides(LPS) in vivo and human peripheral blood polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) in vitro were used to study the effects of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), nitric oxide (NO) donor, on LPS-induced PMN accumulation, microvascular permeability and PMN apoptosis. RESULTS:①In vivo, PMN accumulation in lung, the protein content in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and the Evans blue dye and monastral blue dye extravasation in lung tissue of LPS group were markedly higher than those of both sham operation group and LPS+SNP group. ②In vitro, the apoptotic percentage of SNP group was much higher than that of control group, while compared with LPS group, SNP+LPS group has significantly higher apoptotic percentage. CONCLUSIONS:SNP intratracheal instillation attenuated LPS-induced microvascular permeability and alleviated ALI. PMN apoptosis induced by SNP may be one of the potential mechanisms underlying the decrease of PMN accumulation in lung tissue. 相似文献
10.