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1.
发酵床垫料翻耙结合网床养殖改善鸭舍空气质量与鸭生产性能 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
为解决规模化肉鸭生产中粪污影响鸭健康和污染环境的问题,研发了一种发酵床结合网床架养新技术及其配套的可移动式网床下发酵床垫料翻耙系统,并研究了该模式在控制舍内气载微生物数量和提高鸭生产性能中的优势。结果显示:1)可移动式发酵床垫料翻耙系统实现不同发酵床体共用一台翻耙机。2)与发酵床平养相比,鸭26日龄之前未翻耙垫料时,发酵床网养舍内需氧菌总数(1.531×105 CFU/m3)和大肠杆菌数量(1.298×104 CFU/m3)显著升高(P0.05);鸭27~34日龄时每4 d翻耙垫料,发酵床网养舍内需氧菌总数(2.304×105 CFU/m3)和金黄色葡萄球菌数量(1.353×105 CFU/m3)显著降低(P0.05);鸭35~39日龄时每天翻耙垫料,发酵床网养舍内需氧菌总数(1.255×105 CFU/m3)和"沙门+志贺"氏菌数量(14.13 CFU/m3)显著降低(P0.05)。3)在发酵床平养舍内,与每4 d翻耙1次垫料相比,每天翻耙1次垫料舍内需氧菌总数(2.688×105 CFU/m3)、大肠杆菌(2.038×104 CFU/m3)、金黄色葡萄球菌(8.90×104 CFU/m3)和"沙门+志贺"氏菌(47.11 CFU/m3)数量显著(P0.05)降低,而在发酵床网养舍内,每天翻耙1次垫料舍内需氧菌总数(1.255×105 CFU/m3)和"沙门+志贺"氏菌(14.13 CFU/m3)数量显著降低(P0.05)。4)与发酵床平养相比,发酵床网养增加鸭体质量(P0.05),降低死亡率和上市淘汰率(P0.05)。结果表明研发的肉鸭养殖新模式能更好地减少舍内空气中病原菌浓度,改善鸭舍内空气环境,提高鸭生产性能。该研究为发酵床结合网床架养新模式在规模企业中推广应用提供技术支持。 相似文献
2.
There is debate among ecologists about whether total habitat area or patch arrangement contributes most to population and/or
community responses to fragmented or patchy landscapes. We tested the relative effects of patch area and isolation for predicting
bird occurrence in a naturally patchy landscape in the Bear River Mountains of Northern Utah, USA. We selected focal patches
(mountain meadows) ranging in elevation from 1,920 to 2,860 m and in size from 0.6 to 182 ha. Breeding birds were sampled
in each focal meadow during the summers of 2003 and 2004 using variable-distance point transects. Logistic regression and
likelihood-based model selection were used to determine the relationship between likelihood of occurrence of three bird species
(Brewer’s sparrow, vesper sparrow, and white-crowned sparrow) and area, isolation, and proximity metrics. We used model weights
and model-averaged confidence intervals to assess the importance of each predictor variable. Plots of area versus isolation
were used to evaluate complex relationships between the variables. We found that meadow area was the most important variable
for explaining occurrence for two species, and that isolation was the most important for the other. We also found that the
absolute distance was more appropriate for evaluating isolation responses than was the species-specific proximity metric.
Our findings add clarity to the debate between ecologists regarding the relative importance of area and isolation in species
responses to patchy landscapes. 相似文献
3.
鱼食性与肠道菌群关系的初步研究 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
对淡水养殖池中的乌鳢、鲢鱼、鳊鱼、鲫鱼不同食性鱼的后肠菌群进行了定性、定量分析,结果表明:四种鱼的后肠壁和后肠内容物都是厌氧菌总数远大于好氧菌总数;后肠内容物菌数远大于后肠壁菌数;不同的鱼,后肠壁的好氧菌总数差别很大,而厌氧菌总数差别不大;后肠内容物中的厌氧菌总数和好氧菌总数为:乌鳢>鲫鱼>鲢鱼>鳊鱼;而后肠壁细菌含量与食物没有明显的关系;后肠内容物和后肠壁中的双歧杆菌数为:乌鳢>鲫鱼>鲢鱼>鳊鱼。表明后肠内容物中的细菌总数、后肠内容物和后肠壁中的双歧杆菌数都与食性相关。大肠杆菌、肠球菌和乳酸菌在后肠的分布没有规律,说明它们与食物相关性不强。 相似文献
4.
Summary Apomixis has been reported in a few lines of sorghum, among them R473 which was originally reported to be an obligate apomict. Although this line has multiple embryo sacs, the frequency of apomictic seed formation has not been determined because a progeny test has not been possible. R473 does not cross as a female with other lines except when its own pollen is present. In the present study mutations were induced in R473 by hydrazine and irradiation. Crosses were made between male-sterile mutants as females and normal R473 as males. Plants of R473 produced F1 hybrids sexually, thus indicating that they were not obligate apomicts. These F1's also reproduced sexually, as indicated by segregation for male sterility and male fertility in F2 progenies. 相似文献
5.
《African Zoology》2013,48(3):181-185
Recent reports on finding Wolbachia-strain infections in field mosquito species in some West African countries and the potential for developing these as disease vector biocontrol tools have prompted a search for Wolbachia in mosquitoes within the study area. Using a completely randomised design, mosquito traps were set at different locations in a rural and an urbanised community. One hundred and eighty (180) mosquitoes were trapped and pooled on the basis of genus, sex and site of collection, because there have been no earlier reports of Wolbachia isolated from Nigeria. Twenty pools, made up of not more than ten mosquitoes per pool, were homogenised and analysed for Wolbachia-specific DNA. Mosquitoes were trapped within Ede (urbanised community) and Akoda (rural community). Genomic DNA was extracted from trapped mosquito samples and used as a template in a PCR reaction. The Wolbachia sp. specific 16S rRNA gene was amplified, sequence analysis of PCR products was performed and a chromatogram of the sequence was subjected to Basic Local Alignment Search Tool analysis to identify the Wolbachia sp. This sequence was subsequently submitted to GenBank with accession number MK127541. The first evidence of the presence of the endosymbiont, Wolbachia in field-caught mosquitoes is hereby documented. The homology of this strain of Wolbachia bears similarities to those reported recently from other parts of West Africa and forms a single clade with a Wolbachia sp. from Mali, with a strong bootstrap support of 99%. This finding of a Wolbachia strain in mosquitoes at Ede could form the basis for more searches for diverse strains of Wolbachia in Nigeria. 相似文献
6.
食线虫真菌在生物防治线虫领域发挥着举足轻重的作用,日益受到广泛关注。圆锥掘氏梅里霉（Drechmeria coniospora）是一种典型内寄生真菌,专一地侵染和寄生其宿主--线虫。利用高分辨率的扫描电子显微镜,观察得到D. coniospora侵染秀丽隐杆线虫整个过程的清晰图片,为研究D. coniospora侵染线虫及与侵染相关的基因提供了直接、客观地依据。扫描电镜结果显示,D. coniospora 通过分生孢子完成对线虫的识别,特异地吸附在线虫头部或生殖孔,进而进入线虫体内。分生孢子在线虫体内萌发,长出菌丝。当菌丝生长到一定程度后,进一步穿透线虫体壁,造成线虫死亡。在空气中生长的菌丝体产生新一代分生孢子,这些孢子成熟后,遇到线虫幼虫又将开始新一轮侵染周期。D. coniospora的这种特异侵染方式和高效侵染能力,使其成为生物防治线虫的潜在优良菌株,具有广阔地应用前景。 相似文献
7.
本文对我国常用的两种农业有机滤料作了重点研究,通过观测有机滤料受好气性及嫌气性土壤微生物的影响,来确定滤料的耐腐性能和在排水工程中的使用年限。本文还研究了农业有机滤料受微生物分解时对排水管透水、防沙性能的影响,并提出了延长农业有机滤料在排水工程中使用年限的途径 相似文献
8.
Summary Segregation patterns in progeny arrays of selfed plants, heterozygous for the Mdh 1 isozyme marker locus, were used in an attempt to confirm the presence of apomixis in the grain sorghum line R473. No evidence for obligate apomictic reproduction was obtained. However, our studies did not rule out the possibility of a low level of facultative apomixis in R473. 相似文献
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10.
于浙江绍兴官渡三角帆蚌养殖基地,设投放光舍细菌培养液和不投放光合细菌培养液网箱两个.定期对两网箱水样光合细菌、好氧菌总数和三角帆蚌肠道光合细菌、好氧菌总数、厌氧菌总数、乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌等指标进行检测.结果表明:投放的光合细菌不能在水中长期定植;水体光合细菌浓度大于400 CFU·mL-1时抑制好氧菌的生长,低于该浓度则促进好氧菌的生长;三角帆蚌肠道光合细菌、好氧菌总数受水体光合细菌、好氧菌总数影响;三角帆蚌肠道高浓度的光合细菌(＞2664 CFU·g-1)抑制好氧菌、厌氧菌及其中的乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌的生长,低浓度的光合细菌则促进它们的生长;高浓度的光合细菌(水体中浓度大于400 CFU·mL-1,肠道中浓度大于2664 CFU·g-1)促进三角帆蚌的生长,低浓度的光合细菌则抑制三角帆蚌的生长. 相似文献