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本文采用气-质联用(GC—MS)法对乙氧氟草醚原药及其原药中的杂质进行分析鉴定，了解乙氧氟草醚原药中的杂质情况和质量状况，并结合合成路线，分析产生杂质原因，用以指导工业生产。 相似文献
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The use of persistent herbicides has increased the potential for contamination of soil, soil water and groundwater. The mobility, dissipation and fate of four herbicides, norflurazon, oxadiazon, oxyfluorfen and trifluralin, used in South Australian viticulture, have been studied in a typical sand‐over‐clay vineyard soil. Following herbicide application at field rates to plots up‐slope of miniature lysimeters, surface soil and soil water were sampled regularly over the period of annual rainfall. The concentration of each herbicide in the soil cores, surface soil and soil water was determined by GLC‐NPD following solid‐phase concentration procedures where necessary. Oxadiazon dissipated more quickly than the other three herbicides in the soil. Norflurazon was the most mobile of these herbicides in this soil. However all four herbicides were found in the soil water within the first year, though only norflurazon was found in the soil water in the subsequent year. Norflurazon moved laterally to a greater extent than the other herbicides. © 2000 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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为了检测除草剂乙氧氟草醚对水生生物的毒性,以大鳞副泥鳅(Paramisgurnus dabryanus)为受试对象,研究乙氧氟草醚对大鳞副泥鳅的急性毒性、生理毒性和DNA损伤程度。结果显示,随着染毒剂量的增加和染毒时间的延长,大鳞副泥鳅的死亡率升高。乙氧氟草醚对大鳞副泥鳅24 h、48 h、72 h、96 h的半数致死质量浓度(LC50)分别为41.87 mg/L、36.62 mg/L、29.96 mg/L、25.62mg/L,安全质量浓度为8.40 mg/L。生理毒性试验结果显示,15.5 mg/L乙氧氟草醚染毒6 d,大鳞副泥鳅血液中谷丙转氨酶(GPT)、谷草转氨酶(GOT)活力值最大,与对照(0 mg/L)相比差异极显著。整体上,GPT和GOT活力随着染毒时间的延长和染毒剂量的升高呈上升趋势。通过单细胞凝胶电泳研究乙氧氟草醚对大鳞副泥鳅的DNA损伤,试验结果显示,6 d时试验处理组彗尾DNA百分含量、彗星尾长和Olive尾矩与对照相比均具有极显著差异(P0.01)。表明,乙氧氟草醚对大鳞副泥鳅具有一定的毒性和DNA损伤效应,应适量施用。 相似文献
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3种除草剂对甘薯田杂草的田间防效试验 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
为明确乙草胺、乙氧氟草醚、二甲戊乐灵3种除草剂对甘薯的安全性和对甘薯田杂草的防治效果,进行了田间小区试验。结果表明：各处理对甘薯安全,综合30、45d调查结果,喷洒50％乙草胺乳油4500mL／hm^2对禾本科杂草株防效较好;喷洒24％乙氧氟草醚乳油1500mL／hm^2对阔叶杂草防效较好;喷洒50％乙草胺乳油4500mL／hm^2、24％乙氧氟草醚乳油750mL／hm^2和24％乙氧氟草醚乳油1500mL／hm^23个处理对杂草的综合防效较好。30d综合株防效分别为73．05％、65．55％、83．81％;45d综合株防效分别为86．26％、84．54％、88．81％,鲜重防效分别为92．90％、97．11％、97．80％,可有效防除甘薯田杂草。 相似文献
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R. Cohen H. Eizenberg M. Edelstien C. Horev T. Lande A. Porat G. Achdari J. Hershenhorn 《Phytoparasitica》2008,36(1):66-73
Grafted watermelon is a combination of two plants, aCucurbita rootstock and a watermelon scion. Therefore, weed control for this crop faces a unique problem: the safety of the selected
herbicide has to be tested for both plants that make up the grafted plant. In the current study, we evaluated the usage safety
of selected herbicides forCucurbita rootstocks as well as for non-grafted and grafted watermelons, and the control ofAmaranthus retroflexus by the same herbicides. In addition, the residual effect of the herbicides was tested for seeded and transplanted melons
representing the next crop following cultivation of the grafted watermelons. The herbicides ethalfluralin, pendimethalin,
ethalfluralin, sulfentrazone, oxyfluorfen, chlorsulfuron and clomazone were chosen for their potential to controlA. retroflexus. Pendimethalin and trifluralin were less effective than the other herbicides in controllingA. retroflexus; sulfentrazone, chlorsulfuron and clomazone were not safe for use on the tested cucurbits and thus cannot be recommended
for weed control in grafted watermelons. Therefore, by eliminating the herbicides that are toxic to cucurbits and those that
are ineffective forA. retroflexus control, it was concluded that the herbicides ethalfluralin and oxyfluorfen can be considered effective and safe for weed
control in grafted watermelons. It was shown that trifluralin and oxyfluorfen have the potential to be applied effectively
through the drip irrigation system.
http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Jan. 10, 2008. 相似文献
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二甲戊灵和乙氧氟草醚在生姜上的残留分析及土壤中的消解动态 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
建立了气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）同时测定二甲戊灵和乙氧氟草醚在生姜、茎秆和土壤中残留量的分析方法,并采用该方法研究了两种农药在土壤中的消解动态及在土壤和生姜中的最终残留。样品前处理采用QuEChERS法,经乙腈提取,姜块和茎秆提取液分别用N-丙基乙二胺（PSA）和石墨化碳黑（GCB）净化,土壤提取液用弗罗里硅土柱净化,选择离子监测模式（SIM）扫描,外标峰面积法定量。结果表明:当添加水平为0.01~0.5 mg/kg时,二甲戊灵在生姜、茎秆和土壤中的回收率分别为91%~100%、90%~98%和86%~100%,相对标准偏差（RSD）分别为3.2%~3.7%、2.7%~4.2%和3.2%~5.1%;乙氧氟草醚在生姜、茎秆和土壤中的回收率分别为90%~95%、86%~91%和85%~95%,RSD分别为2.4%~4.4%、3.9%~5.5%和2.3%~4.9%;样品中二甲戊灵和乙氧氟草醚的定量限（LOQ）均为0.01 mg/kg。二甲戊灵在土壤中的消解半衰期在12.5~20.5 d之间,乙氧氟草醚在18.8~25.6 d之间。采用33%二甲戊灵乳油和24%乙氧氟草醚乳油混剂分别按推荐剂量（有效成分693 g/hm2和72 g/hm2）和高剂量（有效成分1 039 g/hm2和108 g/hm2）于种植后施药1次,在生姜收获期的姜块中均未检出二甲戊灵和乙氧氟草醚残留。研究结果可为二甲戊灵和乙氧氟草醚在生姜上的合理使用及其最大允许残留限量（MRL）标准制定提供参考。 相似文献
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为探明除草剂乙氧氟草醚(Oxyfluorfen)对水生生物的毒性,以大鳞副泥鳅(Paramisgurnus dabryanus)为受试对象,进行乙氧氟草醚对大鳞副泥鳅的急性毒性、生理毒性和DNA损伤试验。结果表明:随着染毒浓度增加和时间的延长,大鳞副泥鳅的死亡率升高,安全浓度为8.40mg/L,根据中国《化学农药环境安全评价试验准则》,乙氧氟草醚对大鳞副泥鳅为低毒。乙氧氟草醚低浓度(8.00 mg/L,10.50mg/L,13.00mg/L)作用下,大鳞副泥鳅肝脏谷氨酸草酰乙酸转氨酶(GOT)、谷氨酸丙酮酸转氨酶(GPT)活性明显升高;高浓度(15.50mg/L)作用下酶活性在染毒2d、4d时呈上升趋势,但在6d时急速下降。15.50mg/L组与空白对照组相比,大鳞副泥鳅肝细胞的彗尾DNA百分含量、彗星尾长和Olive尾矩明显增加,肝细胞受到明显损伤。 相似文献
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棉花播后苗前施用５３％草力克乳油５０￣７５ｍＬ／６６７ｍ＾２,广泛适用于直播棉田或棉花育苗田,可有效地防除棉田多种单、双子叶杂草,并具有较好的防效和安全性。 相似文献
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建立了气相色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱 (GC-MS/MS)检测留兰香、桂皮、薄荷和月桂叶中乙氧氟草醚、唑草酮、乙螨唑残留的分析方法。4种香辛料用超纯水饱和，乙腈提取，无水硫酸镁及氯化钠盐析，氨基/石墨化碳黑 (NH2-Carb) 固相萃取柱净化，多反应监测模式，气相色谱-串联质谱测定。结果表明:乙氧氟草醚在0.002 5~2 mg/L范围内，唑草酮和乙螨唑在0.01~2 mg/L范围内，3种农药的进样质量浓度与对应的峰面积间呈良好的线性关系，r > 0.99；乙氧氟草醚在0.025、0.5和2 mg/kg 3个添加水平下，在4种香辛料中的平均回收率在86%~112%之间，相对标准偏差 (RSD)在2.4%~9.6%之间；唑草酮在0.2、0.5和2 mg/kg 3个添加水平下的平均回收率在87%~114%之间，RSD在2.4%~11%之间；乙螨唑在0.5、2和5 mg/kg 3个添加水平下的平均回收率在86%~116%之间，RSD在3.2%~11%之间。乙氧氟草醚、唑草酮和乙螨唑在4种香辛料中的定量限 (LOQ) 分别为0.025、0.2和0.5 mg/kg。 相似文献