猪源隐孢子虫感染小鼠模型的建立     

《中国兽医科技》2006,36(4):301-305

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Acanthochondria priacanthi (Copepoda: Chondracanthidae) as a biological indicator for stock identification of sandfish Arctoscopus japonicus (Steindachner)     

Takashi  YANAGIMOTO  Kenji  KONISHI 《Fisheries Science》2004,70(2):336-338

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Can wild relatives of sorghum provide new sources of resistance or tolerance against Striga species?     

A L Gurney  M C Press  & J D Scholes 《Weed Research》2002,42(4):317-324

Summary The genus Striga contains some of the most noxious parasitic plants, which have a devastating impact on cereal production in Africa; of most importance are Striga hermonthica and Striga asiatica . Complete resistance to infection by Striga species does not exist in cultivated cereals. Of great interest is the possibility that wild relatives of cereals may provide a genetic basis for resistance or tolerance to infection and may be of enormous value for the development of resistant crops. A wild relative of cultivated sorghum, Sorghum arundinaceum , demonstrated tolerance to infection by S. asiatica , with little impact of S. asiatica on host growth or grain production compared with the detrimental impact of the parasite on cultivated sorghum. Infection by S.hermonthica , however, had a significant influence on host performance for both wild and cultivated sorghum. Differences in host:parasite responses may be explained by the timing of parasite attachment and differences in host specificity for these two Striga species.  相似文献   

Study of Resistance to Orobanche ramosa in Host (Oilseed Rape and Carrot) and Non-host (Maize) Plants     

Naïma Zehhar  Pascal Labrousse  Marie-Claire Arnaud  Christian Boulet  Driss Bouya  André Fer 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2003,109(1):75-82

Orobanche ramosa is a parasitic Angiosperm responsible for severe yield losses in several economical crops. It is a serious threat in oilseed rape in France and Morocco and is appearing in carrot crops in Morocco. In this study, several varieties of oilseed rape and carrot were screened in order to identify resistant cultivars and to characterize the resistance mechanisms involved. All the 15 oilseed rape varieties tested were susceptible. In carrot, the varieties 'Colmar à coeur rouge' and 'Nantaise demi-longue' were susceptible, whereas 'Palaiseau' and 'Buror' were resistant. In the susceptible 'Colmar à coeur rouge' carrot no defence reactions were found and the development of the parasite inhibited carrot tap root formation. In the resistant carrot varieties, the parasite germinated, became attached to the host root but became necrotic before emergence. In 'Buror' carrot, formation of a mechanical barrier was associated with the restriction to the cortex of the parasite. In maize cv. 'Vigni', a non-host of O. ramosa, thickening of xylem vessels, cell divisions in the central cylinder and formation of an encapsulation layer were observed in association with restricted development of Orobanche haustoria.  相似文献   

贵州省黔东南地区草地贪夜蛾寄生性天敌资源调查初报   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张柱亭  秦绍钊  李静  王迎  孙漩  董辉  刘金文  宋新元 《植物保护》2019,45(6):65-69

草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda(J. E. Smith)于2019年5月入侵贵州黔东南地区,严重威胁当地农业生态。黔东南地区丰富的生物资源是挖掘草地贪夜蛾自然天敌的重要基础。为明确黔东南地区草地贪夜蛾天敌的发生情况,2019年5月至7月,采用五点取样法对选取的3个地点开展调查。结果表明,草地贪夜蛾在黔东南地区的主要寄生性天敌有5类,分别为白僵菌属、绿僵菌属、茧蜂科、姬蜂科和黑卵蜂属昆虫,寄生率最高分别为45.50%、57.00%、3.00%、20.00%和12.50%,寄生草地贪夜蛾幼虫期4种天敌综合控制力最高达96.50%。本研究可为草地贪夜蛾天敌资源挖掘与利用提供重要参考。  相似文献   

星天牛生物防治研究进展          下载免费PDF全文

张宇凡  王小艺 《中国生物防治学报》2019,35(1):134-145

星天牛Anoplophora chinensis Forster为亚洲本土的林木钻蛀性害虫，近年来已入侵到一些欧洲国家，被列为重要的国际检疫对象。本文综述了国内外有关星天牛的自然天敌种类及其人工利用的研究进展。我国古代曾用黄猄蚁Oecophylla smaragdina Fabricius防治危害柑橘树的星天牛，近年来开展了野外释放天敌昆虫花绒寄甲Dastarcus helophoroides Fairmaire成虫和卵卡防治星天牛的实践，都取得了较好的防治效果。川硬皮肿腿蜂Sclerodermus sichuanensis Xiao对星天牛低龄幼虫具有一定的控制作用，天牛卵长尾啮小蜂Aprostocetus fukutai Miwa&Sonan显示出了良好的生物防治利用前景，在意大利对星天牛的卵寄生率最高达72%。一些欧洲本地拟寄生蜂种类，如柄腹茧蜂Spathius erythrocephalus Wesmael也可寄生入侵当地的星天牛自然种群。此外，利用昆虫病原微生物控制星天牛，也具有较好的防治前景，如用布氏白僵菌Beauveria brongniartii Petch制成的无纺布菌条已经在日本开发成为一种商品，真菌侵染可引起天牛高致死率。昆虫病原线虫夜蛾斯氏线虫Steinernema feltiae Filipjev和小卷蛾斯氏线虫S.carpocapsae Weiser也具有作为生物杀虫剂用于控制星天牛幼虫的开发前景。本文还讨论了目前星天牛生物防治中存在的不足及其原因，展望了今后研究的重点和方向。  相似文献   

Analysis of NO3 interception of the parasitic angiosperm Orobanche spp. using a positron-emitting tracer imaging system and 13NO− 3: A new method for the visualization and quantitative analysis of the NO3 interception ratio     

《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(3):408-416

Abstract

The root parasitic plants Orobanche spp. (broomrapes) seriously affect agricultural production. A visualization and quantitative analytical method for the interception of nutrients was established using a positron-emitting tracer imaging system and ¹³NO^? ₃. By using this analytical method that involves volume normalization with ¹⁸F^? images, the nitrogen nutrient interception ratio of the Orobanche spp. was calculated to be 73.6 ± 3.9% in a host–parasite system of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.).  相似文献   

RNA干扰技术及其在寄生线虫基因功能研究中的应用     

邹丰才  宋慧群陈宁 朱兴全 《中国兽医科技》2006,36(1):80-84

介绍了RNA干扰（RNAi）的概念、线虫中RNAi的作用机理、RNAi的三个分子特性，即可遗传性、转移性RNAi的放大效应和RNAi信号的传播特性。从模板dsRNA的获取、dsRNA的导入和线虫中RNAi效应的检测方法三个方面概述了应用RNAi技术研究线虫基因功能的试验方法和最新进展。  相似文献   

草地螟寄生蝇寄生规律及控害作用研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

康爱国  张莉萍  沈成  李强  张玉慧  赵志英 《中国植保导刊》2006,26(8):8-10

田间调查和室内饲养观察表明,康保县草地螟的寄生蝇主要有伞裙追寄蝇、双斑截尾寄蝇等5种。草地螟寄生蝇一般只寄生幼虫,未见寄生其他虫态。寄生率随草地螟幼虫密度增大、虫龄增长而迅速升高。多年发生资料分析,寄生蝇寄生率高的年份,下年草地螟的发生为害程度明显减轻。  相似文献   

卷叶螟绒茧蜂寄生棉大卷叶螟的行为及其与寄主密度的关系          下载免费PDF全文

康晓霞  杨益众  赵光明  张小丽  杨进 《植物保护学报》2007,34(1):22-26

卷叶螟绒茧蜂Apanteles derogatae Watanabe是棉大卷叶螟Sylepta derogata Fabricius幼虫期的一种重要内寄生蜂,对棉大卷叶螟种群有较好的控制作用。在实验室条件下,运用人工接虫观察法研究卷叶螟绒茧蜂对棉大卷叶螟幼虫的寄生行为。结果表明,该蜂搜寻寄主的时间平均为2．38 min,处理寄主的时间仅需0．86 min;寄生寄主的最适龄期为寄主2龄幼虫;对1龄幼虫的致死率达32%,但其寄生率仅为16%,其余16%的个体为穿刺致死。饲喂蜂蜜水能显著增加该蜂的产卵量,延长其产卵历期和增强其穿刺能力。寄生蜂的寄生能力与寄主密度的关系呈抛物线型:在寄生蜂均为16头/m~3雌蜂条件下,当寄主密度从80头/m~3增加到320头/m~3时,寄主的被寄生个体数随之增加,但当寄主密度超过320头/m~3后,寄主的被寄生个体数反而随寄主密度的上升呈下降趋势。  相似文献