基于P-S-R框架模型试点研究高寒地区生态承载力——以甘肃省迭部县为例     

李真  李振林  屈鹏 《中国农学通报》2020,36(19):85-92

全面客观评价生态资源承载能力,进而为区域可持续发展提供理论依据。以甘肃省迭部县为例,首先,采用压力-状态-响应(P-S-R)模型构建生态承载力评估指标体系,运用层次分析法(Analytic Hierarchy Process,AHP)确定各指标权重,评估生态环境承载力现状;其次,在生态功能区层面对迭部县水源涵养功能及生物多样性功能进行评价;最后,对生态承载力状况进行成因解析。研究结果表明：（1）迭部县整体生态承载力得分为0.239,处于“较强”承载力状态,构成整体生态承载力的生态弹性力、资源和环境承载力和人类社会影响力得分分别为0.222、0.062和0.063。（2）2016年,迭部县单位面积水源涵养量为111.76 mm,水源涵养功能处于“高”状态,其中,水源涵养功能较高地区主要集中在以草地和针阔混交林为主的区域。（3）自然栖息地面积占迭部县总面积的83.67%,其自然栖息质量指数(Natural Habitant Quality Index,NHQI)处于“高”状态。（4）从自然和经济2个因素进行分析,发现迭部县生态环境条件较好,但林草地面积已呈现出逐渐减少状态,因此需要通过合理科学的开发引导,发展文化旅游事业,推动迭部县的可持续发展。  相似文献   

Soil quality assessments in integrated crop–livestock–forest systems: A review     

Gustavo Pereira Valani  Aline Fachin Martíni  Laura Fernanda Simes da Silva  Renata Cristina Bovi  Miguel Cooper 《Soil Use and Management》2021,37(1):22-36

Integrated crop–livestock–forest is a promising strategy to improve soil quality. It comprises four different integrated farming systems: crop–livestock, crop–forest, forest–livestock and crop–livestock–forest. This work systematically reviewed studies about integrated crop–livestock–forest systems and soil quality. A total of 92 papers were retrieved from the Web of Science—Clarivate Analytics platform, and the following information was analysed: publication year, institution, region of the studied site, type of integrated system, soil type, tillage system, maximum soil depth and the soil quality indicators assessed. Most studies were published in the second half of the 2010s. Brazil is a prominent focus of research about soil quality and integrated crop–livestock–forest systems, with significant contribution from its central and southern regions. The Embrapa was the main publishing institution, present in over one‐third of the studies. Crop–livestock was the most common integrated system, Ferralsols was the most common soil group, and most of the studied soils were clayey. No tillage was the main tillage system. Most studies focused on the topsoil, assessing physical and/or chemical soil quality indicators. More emphasis on biological indicators of soil quality is required, as well as assessments integrating biological, physical and chemical indicators of soil quality. Future works should compare different integrated systems, including assessments deeper in the soil profile, especially in systems with the forest component, and also in sandy and silty soils. Soil quality indicators that have been rarely used should be further tested. Novel indicators should be added to better understand the promotion of soil quality by integrated crop–livestock–forest systems.  相似文献   

The　Brief　Introduction　to　the　Sino-US　Joint　Centers　for　Soil　and　Water　Conservation　and　Environmental　Protection     

LIJing LIRui ZHENGFen-li 《水土保持研究》2004,11(4):174-176

Erosion and transport of soil has worldwide implications for agriculture, landscape stability, climate, natural hazards, and clean, renewable resources of water and air. Assured access to clean water and a healthy and safe environment requires an ethic of conservation and protection. The minimum scale in which these principles apply successfully is basin wide. These are the fundamental concerns of the Sino-US Centers for Soil and Water Conservation and Environmental Protection.  相似文献   

搞好水土保持　造福子孙万代     

肖作福 《中国水土保持》1994,(10):3-5

搞好水土保持造福子孙万代肖作福（辽宁省人民政府，沈阳１１００３２）从５０年代初期，辽宁省开始了水土保持工作的征程，现已走过四十多年的历程。辽宁人民在辽宁大地上，奋斗不息，重新描绘着山河面貌，谱写了水土保持工作的新篇章。辽宁省的自然状况是“六山一水三分...  相似文献   

祁连山水源涵养林综合效能的计量研究   总被引：13，自引：1，他引：12  

车克钧  傅辉恩 《林业科学》1992,28(4):290-296

以马克思级差地租理论,建立了祁连山水源涵养林综合效能的评价模型:E=E_d+E_e+E_s;以E与生产投资I的比值为计量水源林的效能指数T,T=E/I。并以祁连山寺大隆森林生态定位研究站实测资料和社会调查数据为计量评价参数,确定其经济评价指标体系和计量系统。结果表明:祁连山水源涵养林综合效能指标为11.93;其中生态效能和社会效能分别是直接经济效能的4.51倍和6.05倍。说明祁连山水源涵养林现行的保护、发展和综合利用的经营方针是正确的。建议河西各受益部门应按水资源效能总收入的0.5％缴作水源林再生产费,以确保国民经济建设的长远发展。  相似文献   

不确定度评定方法在汽车事故再现中的应用     

邓海英莫耀祖  蒋淑霞韩志刚 《中南林学院学报》2006,26(4):96-100

介绍了不确定度理论及其评定方法，结合车辆碰撞事故的具体特点，给出了基于能量守恒的车速计算表达式．通过选择适当的输入参数作为不确定因子，分别计算各分量等效速度标准不确定度．考虑不确定度累积和传播，得到车速输出结果的合成标准不确定度和展伸不确定度，以此检验事故再现结果的准确程度．通过具体事故案例的分析计算和计算机检验，验证该方法的适用性．  相似文献   

浅议我国绿色旅游   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

张洁 《绿色中国(A版)》2005,(18):57-58

文章探讨了我国绿色旅游的兴起、内涵、特点和功能等,讨论了绿色旅游、生态旅游、自然旅游的区别与联系,分析了我国绿色旅游的发展现状和对策。  相似文献   

沙土区薄壁连拱护岸墙试验与应用     

张玉建  沈波 《排灌机械》2005,23(6):46-49

沙土区薄壁连拱护岸墙为悬臂式支撑、薄壁连拱无底板结构，拱板中间采用无砂砼排水孔的钢筋砼肋形预制板，冲沉法施工，造价低廉；外形美观，抗倾、抗滑性能强。该墙为平原沙土区河道水土保持及修复找到了一条经济合理、施工方便、简便易行的护坡办法，具有较高的实用价值和广阔的推广使用前景。  相似文献   

生物质液体燃料发展方向与对策探讨   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

吕铁彪  董良杰  王琪 《吉林农业大学学报》2002,24(5):98-99,103

阐明了开发生物质液体燃料是解决石油短缺和环境污染的有效途径之一。分析了我国液体燃料市场和生物质资料的现状和发展趋势，提出了我国生物质液体燃料的发展方向和相应的对策。  相似文献   

水土保持是山丘区经济发展的根本出路     

肖秧 《中国水土保持》1994,(10):1-2

水土保持是山丘区经济发展的根本出路肖秧（四川省人民政府，成都６１００００）四川地处长江上游，幅员辽阔，境内高山峻岭，江河纵横，是一个有一亿多人口的农业大省。由于历史原因，森林曾遭严重破坏，加之人口众多，人均耕地数量少，垦殖指数高，水土流失十分严重。遥...  相似文献