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1.
Large‐scale patterns of fish diversity and assemblage structure in the longest tropical river in Asia 下载免费PDF全文
Although the Mekong River is one of the world's 35 biodiversity hot spots, the large‐scale patterns of fish diversity and assemblage structure remain poorly addressed. This study aimed to investigate the fish distribution patterns in the Lower Mekong River (LMR) and to identify their environmental determinants. Daily fish catch data (i.e. from December 2000 to November 2001) at 38 sites distributed along the LMR were related to 15 physicochemical and 19 climatic variables. As a result, four different clusters were defined according to the similarity in assemblage composition and 80 indicator species were identified. While fish species richness was highest in the Mekong delta and lowest in the upper part of the LMR, the diversity index was highest in the middle part of the LMR and lowest in the delta. We found that fish assemblages changed along the environmental gradients and that the main drivers affecting the fish assemblage structure were the seasonal variation of temperature, precipitation, dissolved oxygen, pH and total phosphorus. Specifically, upstream assemblages were characterised by cyprinids and Pangasius catfish, well suited to low temperature, high dissolved oxygen and high pH. Fish assemblages in the delta were dominated by perch‐like fish and clupeids, more tolerant to high temperatures, and high levels of nutrients (nitrates and total phosphorus) and salinity. Overall, the patterns were consistent between seasons. Our study contributes to establishing the first holistic fish community study in the LMR. 相似文献
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ZHANG Jianfeng XING Shangjun SUN Qixiang XI Jinbiao SONG Yumin Research Institute of Forestry CAF Silvicultural laboratory of Forestry SFA Beijing P.R.China Shandong Academy of Forestry Jinan P.R.China 《中国林业科技(英文版)》2004,3(4):12-16
In this research, five Nitraria sibirica provenances such as Dayilu were selected to do experiment of salt-resistance, combining fixed plots test with typical plot investigation, measuring survival rate and growth as main indicators. The experiments of main cultural technology were done on Nitraria sibirica in 4 types of site preparation, 3 types of planting, 3 designs for planting density. The Nitraria sibirica experiments for the effects of curbing salt and improving soil were done by testing soil nutrients, salt content, soil physical properties as focal points in typical site of 3-4 years woods. The experiment results showed that the Nitraria sibirica could survive well with soil salt content of 0.6%, and that survival rate declined distinctively as soil salt content exceeded 0.8%. However, high soil salt content did not influence growth in the year of planting. There were obvious differences in salt-tolerance among Nitraria sibirica provenances; Dayilu was the best on salt-tolerance, the other 4 pro 相似文献
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通过10年的试验数据阐述了大豆30cm平作窄行密植(以下简称“大豆30cm平窄密”)增产增效是非常显著的。还阐述了该项技术的增产机理和技术关键。并且还对该项技术目前存在的问题进行了认真的讨论。 相似文献
5.
采用沙黄松天然林自由授粉家系7年生树干材积的材料,分析了联合选择遗传增益结构模式。结果表明:亚群体间存在极显著差异,亚群体内家系间差异不显著;联合选择增益结构模式为亚群体间72.44%、亚群体内家系间3.55%、单株间24.01%。 相似文献
6.
在菲律宾的雨养旱地、雨养低地和灌溉田种植制度研究基点上,分别对各种农民和拟推广的实验种植方式,进行了生物量及其组成、作物分器官的 C、N、P、K 含量与分布比率、作物残茬燃烧后 C、N、P、K 损失测定。从添加与取走两个方面,分三种添加与取走情况,计算了土壤N、P、K 的部分养分平衡与有机质平衡。结果显示:在当地施肥水平下,即使归还全部残茬,很难维持 N、P、K 的养分平衡,但能较好满足土壤有机质平衡。为维持土壤有机质的年平衡,雨养低地和雨养旱地需分别归还1400和1900公斤生物物质/公顷.年。并对当地维持养分平衡的途径作了分析与探讨。 相似文献
7.
澳洲坚果引种试种研究初报 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
澳洲坚果无性系从1979年开始引入中国,并在南亚热带作物研究所(南亚所)试种,现已在南亚热带地区七省扩大试种达200hm^2,各地生长均良好,已有少量结果。南亚所植区澳洲坚果13龄树平均单株年产已达6kg(壳果),抗寒性良好,在-4℃时仍未受害,病虫害不严重(曾发生过花序枯萎病、速衰病、茎干溃疡病),但风害严重。澳洲坚果的适生温度在10℃-30℃,以最冷月(1)平均气温≤10℃,年降雨量在1000 相似文献
8.
Mangroves as indicators of coastal change 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
In view of the unique biological characteristics of mangroves, it is interesting to assess the extent to which these ecosystems can be used as indicators of coastal change or sea-level rise. From recent studies of mangrove mortality at several locations (including Guiana, Gambia, Côte d'Ivoire, Kenya, India and Bangladesh), it appears that these coastal ecosystems are so specialized that any minor variation in their hydrological or tidal regimes causes noticeable mortality. Each species of mangrove (but particularly those belonging to the genera Rhizophora, Bruguiera, Sonneratia, Heritiera and Nypa) occurs in ecological conditions that approach its limit of tolerance with regard to salinity of the water and soil, as well as the inundation regime. If the duration of daily immersion were to be modified by tectonic, sedimentological or hydrological events, the species either readjusts to the new conditions or succumbs to unsuitable conditions. Consequently, the use of remote sensing data for mangrove ecosystems offers excellent potential as a tool for monitoring coastal change. 相似文献
9.
奎屯地区农七师位于天山北麓,准噶尔盆地的西南缘,总面积5986km2,其中作物种植面积120万亩,随着农七师产业结构的调整,2003年实施了“万头澳牛引进工程”,养牛业的发展使农七师畜牧业对玉米的需求量增加,尤其是澳牛养殖业对青贮玉米需求量更大,因此,研究分析气象要素对玉米播种及苗期的影响是重要工作之一。 相似文献
10.
宿根花卉的特点及其在园林中的配置 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
根据宿根花卉种类繁多、色彩丰富、生长稳定、抗逆性强的特点,其在园林中的配置,宜于建花坛、花境,也可群植,与背景树相结合,还可作地被植物代替草坪,也可建单类花卉园. 相似文献