基于“3S”技术的辽宁省某尾矿库扩容工程生态影响预测与评价     

申彦科  张伟 《林业调查规划》2014,(1):5-8

以辽宁省某尾矿库为例,基于GIS技术,利用2010年的TM遥感影像及地形图,预测该尾矿库扩容后的生态影响。分析结果显示:尾矿库扩容工程对生态的影响主要体现在土地利用、植被、生态景观和地形地貌的变化4个方面。  相似文献   

Associations of fish with various types of littoral habitats in reservoirs     

Marek Šmejkal  Marie Prchalová  Martin Čech  Mojmír Vašek  Milan Říha  Tomáš Jůza  Petr Blabolil  Jan Kubečka 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2014,23(3):405-413

Fish associations with different types of littoral habitats were studied in four canyon‐shaped reservoirs in the Czech Republic in years 2010 and 2011 by gillnets. Two to three habitats per reservoir–beaches (former meadows), stump fields (former forest) and rubble slopes–were defined and sampled along the longitudinal axis of reservoirs. Effects of reservoir, habitat and locality (position along longitudinal axis) on fish biomass, abundance and species structure were tested for juvenile and adult fish separately. Hierarchical analysis of variance revealed that habitats differed significantly in fish biomass and abundance. Redundancy analysis showed that analysed environmental variables had significant influence on fish community structure. Most variability in community structure was explained by reservoir and then by combination of habitat and slope steepness. Locality position had the smallest influence on community structure. For both adult and juvenile fish total abundance and biomass, the most inhabited habitat was beaches; rubble slopes were the least inhabited. Habitat associations differed among species. Among adults, bream Abramis brama, white bream Blicca bjoerkna and roach Rutilus rutilus were associated with beaches and stump fields, whereas perch Perca fluviatilis, ruffe Gymnocephalus cernuus, asp Aspius aspius and pike Esox lucius were associated with rubble slopes. Bream, white bream, bleak Alburnus alburnus, roach, ruffe and pikeperch Sander lucioperca were associated with beaches among juveniles, whereas the only juvenile associated with rubble slopes was perch. We showed that most common species are associated with distinct habitats and also that utilisation of various littoral habitats differs in general.  相似文献   

聚脲防渗材料在大海子水库放水涵洞工程中的应用     

吕长征 《农业科技与装备》2021,(2)

针对大海子水库放水涵洞闸门前承压段3道伸缩缝止水功能部分失效、伸缩缝漏水防渗处理等问题,采取聚合物砂浆封缝、灌注水溶性聚氨酯堵漏、手工聚脲材料护面防渗等处理,为聚脲防渗材料在水库放水涵洞工程中的应用提供借鉴和经验。  相似文献   

Selecting fish‐based metrics responding to human pressures in French natural lakes and reservoirs: towards the development of a fish‐based index (FBI) for French lakes     

L. Launois  J. Veslot  P. Irz  C. Argillier 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2011,20(1):120-132

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Quantification of reservoir bags as airway pressure-limiting devices in a nonrebreathing system     

Tamas D. Ambrisko  Arnon Gal  Jesus N. Sarol  Ashley Mitek  Christina Braun 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2021,48(2):205-212

ObjectiveTo evaluate the influence of reservoir bag types, volumes and previous use on the peak pressures (Pmax) and the times to develop 30 cmH₂O pressure (P30) within a nonrebreathing system with a closed adjustable pressure-limiting (APL) valve.Study designIn vitro study using three-way factorial design with repeated measure on one factor.SubjectsA total of 75 new anesthesia reservoir bags (five types, three volumes, five bags from each type × volume). The bag types were reusable latex (RL), disposable latex (DL) and three disposable neoprene (DN-1, DN-2 and DN-3).MethodsEach bag was tested three times (treatments): new, after prestretching and 1 week later. The bags were attached to a Bain system and anesthesia machine with closed APL valve and patient port with O₂ flow 2 L minute^–1 until Pmax was reached. The Pmax and time to reach P30 values were determined from recorded pressure traces. General linear mixed model analysis was used to examine the effects of bag type, volume and treatment. One-sided 95% upper prediction limits of Pmax were calculated to test the null hypothesis that predicted Pmax of new bags would be ≥ 50 cmH₂O for each factor combination.ResultsRL bags were the least and DN-3 bags were the most compliant. Prestretching increased compliance in all bag types. Smaller bags of RL, DL and DN-1 were less compliant than larger ones. The predicted Pmax values were < 50 cmH₂O only for DN-3 bags after prestretching. The time to reach P30 was critically low when using 0.5 L bags (median 17 seconds).Conclusions and clinical relevanceTo minimize the risk of barotrauma, highly compliant reservoir bags (e.g. DN-3) are recommended and reusable bags should be avoided. Bags should be prestretched before first use, 0.5 L bags should be avoided and fresh gas flow minimized.  相似文献   

基于DPSA算法的“单库-单站”水资源优化调度方法研究     

史振铜  程吉林  杨树滩  常本春  蒋咏 《灌溉排水学报》2015,34(2)

提出了单座水库与单座补水泵站水资源优化调度的非线性数学模型,模型以年内各时段的缺(弃)水量的平方最小为目标函数,各时段水库供水量和泵站引提水量为决策变量,各时段水库库容为状态变量,以年调节水库可供水量、泵站年引提水总量、水库与补水泵站的联合运行准则(泵站闲时补库、忙时供水)等为约束条件,并以南水北调东线一期江苏境内"骆马湖-皂河站"为实例,采用动态规划逐次逼近法进行求解。结果表明,相同供水保证率时,50%、75%、95%来水频率下泵站补水量、缺水量、弃水量比常规调度均有减少。  相似文献   

群井开采条件下承压含水层渗流动态模拟     

刘建军  裴桂红  耿万东 《灌溉排水学报》2003,22(2):59-60,68

根据有限差分方法 ,编制了承压含水层渗流模拟软件。对某水源地在群井开采情况下地下水渗流动态进行数值模拟。模拟结果显示 ,位于高渗区的井 ,压降漏斗较其它井大 ,压力下降快。当地层中存在裂隙时 ,平行裂隙方向压力下降比垂直裂隙方向要快得多。抽水初期 ,地层压力下降很快 ,以后 ,压力下降逐渐变缓 ,位于低渗透区的井逐渐不能满足流量要求。因此做好地下水资源规划十分重要  相似文献   

Prediction of the Economic Development for the Circumjacent Reservoir Region of the Longtan Hydropower Project Using Grey Quantitative Analog     

Duan Yurong Zhu Jinming Liu Size Hong Guiyu 《保鲜与加工》1996,(5):95-99

In order to overcome some technical difficulties,we adopt ingenously the grey models combined with the quantitative analog method,and select the Dan Jiangkou Project which has accumulated practical operation data for a long time as the analog project to predict the economic influence for the circumjacent reservoir region of the Longtan hydropower project.On the basis of analog we have built various industrial economic grey models,and compare them with the corresponding predictions for the unconstructed reservoir case.The predictions of the former are greatly larger than the later ones.and hence provides a certain scientific basis for the central leaders to make a decision for constructing the huge hydropower project ultimateiy.  相似文献   

A reservoir operational rule for irrigation in Japan   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Yutaro Senga 《Irrigation and Drainage Systems》1991,5(2):129-140

Operation of a reservoir for irrigation is more complicated and difficult than that for domestic water supply in Japan, owing to the fact that a requirement for irrigation takes various value depending upon effective rainfall on farmland, soil condition, and so on. Therefore, the reservoirs should be operated to correspond with demand, inflow, and unknown droughts occurring in the future. However, the reservoirs have been operated under operators' experiences without formal operational rules, because any effective theories or methods have been neither developed nor used in Japan at present.On operation of the reservoirs, there are two targets — promotion of effective release and restriction of release in preparation for droughts — conflicting with each other. It is useful to set up the operation with Required Storage for Drought Curve (RSDC) Method to achieve reasonable operation harmonizing those two targets. RSDC is composed with Target Line (TL) and Restrictive Release Lines (RRLs). TL is a target storage level to guarantee that storage will never empty until the end of the irrigation period under a certain probability. If actual storage remains above TL, effective release will be promoted. RRLs are storage levels pointing out the basis of restricting release. If actual storage falls below TL, release will be restrained in accordance with RRLs in order to get over uncertain droughts occurring in the future.In this paper, the theory of RSDC is described and the effectiveness of Rule Curve (RC) based on RSDC Method is illustrated by simulation on a single reservoir for irrigation.  相似文献   

基于GIS技术的小型水库规划方法   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2  

朱政  刘南  刘仁义 《中国农村水利水电》2003,(5):26-27

在小流域治理中，为了提高水库规划的精确度和速度，提出了基于GIS技术来实现小型水库规划的方法。主要是基于GIS技术的库客曲线的制作方法；小型水库规划的可视化。在GIS中，真实地形在计算机中的表达用数字高程模型(DEM)表示，水库规划的三维可视化环境的实现需利用0penGL技术。  相似文献