Variations in parameters of liver function and plasma progesterone related to underfeeding and ketosis in a dairy herd   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

E Ropstad  K Halse  A O Refsdal 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》1989,30(2):185-197

Twenty-eight Norwegian Red Cattle dairy cows were fed silage ad libitum and restricted amounts of concentrates. Blood samples were collected before morning feeding, once or twice weekly, from 2 weeks before to 12 weeks after calving. Parameters of liver function, carbohydrate status and fertility were recorded in order to assess their interrelationships. Eight cows were treated for clinical ketosis. Four of these had to be treated 2 or 3 times. Aspartate aminotransferase and bilirubin showed the highest within-animal coefficients of correlation with acetoacetate. Analysis of variance revealed a significant effect of carbohydrate status (indicated by plasma acetoacetate levels) on the levels of aspartate aminotransferase, glutamate dehydrogenase and sorbitol dehydrogenase, though only a small part of the total variation was explained by this factor. The estimated volume density of liver fat in the 4th week of lactation averaged 6.0 +/- 6.4% (+/- SD) ranging from 0.1-25.1%. Liver fat content at this stage of lactation was not significantly correlated with other indicators of liver function or carbohydrate status. Cows treated for clinical ketosis had significantly lower plasma progesterone values at the time of first ketosis treatment than untreated multiparous cows. The frequency of high progesterone values (greater than 3 ng/ml) being significantly lower in treated than in untreated cows during the period from 3-5 weeks post partum, though not at later stages. In conclusion, the results revealed a significant relationship between carbohydrate status and liver function, and also between clinical ketosis and luteal function.  相似文献   

D-Dimer Improves the Prognostic Value of Combined Clinical and Laboratory Data in Equine Gastrointestinal Colic     

M. Sandholm  A. Vidovic  A. Puotunen-Reinert  S. Sankari  K. Nyholm  H. Rita 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》1995,36(2):255

The discriminating ability of 15 parameters alone or in combinations, including results from analysis of plasma endotoxin, the Nycomed plasma D-Dimer test and phospholipase A₂, were analyzed to predict morbidity and mortality in equine gastrointestinal colic. Endotoxaemia was a characteristic feature of the colic horses. The problem of adequately predicting non-survivors among colic horses required several parameters to be included in the logistic model: if the “classical parameters”, (heart rate, respiratory rate, PCV, anion gap) were included in the model, addition of plasma D-dimer, phospholipase A₂, and Cl^- significantly improved the predictive value of the logistic model. Increasing heart rate and D-dimer together with decreasing chloride was a risk factor for nonsurvival. The sensitivity of this three-parameter logistic model to predict nonsurvival was 78% and specificity 77%. The Nycomed D-Dimer test is recommended as a horse-site test to predict disseminated intravascular coagulation and nonsurvival in equine colic.  相似文献   

基于模糊数学感官评价法优化芒果无糖软糖配方研究     

杜立红  李兰莹  王悦馨  王利红  赵兴杰  付冠华 《现代农业科技》2023,(24)

目的：以芒果、木糖醇、山梨糖醇、低聚果糖为主要原料，研发一款品质优良且具有预防龋齿，促进消化吸收，提高免疫力等功能的芒果无糖软糖。方法：以感官评价为指标，通过单因素试验研究木糖醇、山梨糖醇、低聚果糖的添加比例、复合凝结剂添加量以及柠檬酸添加量等对芒果软糖感官品质的影响，通过正交试验，模糊数学法优化芒果软糖配方。结果：芒果软糖的最佳配方为芒果汁添加量50%，柠檬酸添加量0.2%，复合凝结剂添加量10%，木糖醇、山梨糖醇、低聚果糖的添加比例2:3:1（添加量为35%）；二十二碳六烯酸添加量1%，维生素C添加量0.5%。结论：此配方下的芒果软糖不仅色泽均匀、弹性适中，而且形态饱满，酸甜可口，具有一定的保健功效。  相似文献   

干旱胁迫下外源山梨醇对平邑甜茶耐旱性影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孟艳玲  刘林  白涛  韩振海 《北方园艺》2009,(5)

测定了干旱胁迫下外源喷施50 mg/L和100 mg/L山梨醇后平邑甜茶叶片光合特性、叶片水势和新梢生长速率.结果表明:叶面喷施山梨醇可以改善受胁迫植株的光合状况,减缓叶片水势下降,减轻新梢生长受抑,提高植株耐旱性.  相似文献   

Modification of sugar profiles in California adapted apricots (Prunus armeniaca L.) through breeding with Central Asian germplasm     

Craig Ledbetter  Sherry Peterson  Joel Jenner 《Euphytica》2006,148(3):251-259

Summary Central Asian apricot germplasm was used in hybridizations with California adapted apricots to increase Brix levels and improve fresh eating quality. Fruit from parental trees, the F₁ hybrid and two backcross families were evaluated for fruit quality traits and analyzed by HPLC for specific sugar content. The F₁ hybrid between Central Asian and California adapted apricots was intermediate to its parents in many of the evaluated characteristics and levels of specific sugars. When the F₁ hybrid was backcrossed to California adapted apricots ‘Lorna’ and ‘Robada,’ the resulting hybrids were diverse in Brix, juice acidity, fruit size and profiles of specific sugars. Glucose: fructose ratios higher that 3.3 were encountered in fruit from five of the 22 analyzed seedlings, and fructose: sorbitol ratio ranged from 0.67 to 6.46. Brix and total sugar content correlated significantly with each other and with both sucrose and glucose. No significant correlations existed between sorbitol and any of the other analyzed sugars, nor with Brix or total sugars. The results demonstrated the extent of sugar profile modification possible in California adapted apricots after just two generations of breeding with Central Asian apricot germplasm.  相似文献   

鲜黄梨果实糖积累及山梨醇转化相关酶活性的变化     

熊碧玲  汪志辉  刘燕 《中国南方果树》2011,40(4)

对鲜黄梨果实发育中糖积累及山梨醇转化相关酶活性的变化进行了研究。结果表明:果实发育前期以积累山梨醇和淀粉为主,后期以积累果糖为主。果实整个发育过程中,葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖、可溶性总糖含量逐渐增加,山梨醇和淀粉含量先增加后降低。山梨醇脱氢酶和山梨醇氧化酶在果实发育早中期活性逐渐增高,后期活性降低,但较前期高,两者共同对山梨醇的转化起调控作用。  相似文献   

桃果实发育过程中山梨醇及酶活性变化   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

杨爱珍  张志毅  孟海玲  王一鸣  李楠  关伟  王有年 《林业科学》2009,45(5)

碳水化合物的种类和含量是决定果实品质的重要因素,果实中碳水化合物的转化、积累除受内源激素、韧皮部卸载等因子影响外,很大程度上依靠其代谢相关酶活性的调控.糖是植物生长、发育的一个重要的、多重的角色,是果实生长发育的基础物质,同时为果实细胞膨大提供渗透动力.山梨醇属于糖醇类,是山梨糖光合同化产物,可以作为可溶性贮存物质,也可作为类似于蔗糖的一种同化物运输物质.此外,山梨醇与提高植物的抗逆性、改善果实风味也有关(周睿等,1993;Beruter et al.,1997),其在果实内能通过其代谢酶被迅速转化(周睿等,1993;Bianco et al.,2002),山梨醇脱氢酶(sorbitoldehydrogenase,SDH)和山梨醇氧化酶(sorbitol oxidase,SOX)是参与山梨醇代谢的关键酶,其中SDH催化山梨醇转化成果糖与葡萄糖,SOX催化山梨醇氧化成葡萄糖(周睿等,1993;Yamaki et al.,1986).  相似文献   

Identification of Yersinia ruckeri from diseased salmonid fish by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Wortberg F  Nardy E  Contzen M  Rau J 《Journal of fish diseases》2012,35(1):1-10

Yersinia ruckeri is the causative agent of enteric redmouth disease (ERM), which mainly affects salmonid fish. Isolates of Y. ruckeri from diseased salmonid fish were obtained over a 6‐year period from eight fish farms in the State of Baden‐Württemberg, Southwest Germany. The strains were characterized by biochemical methods and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR) combined with artificial neural network analysis. These methods were complemented by 16S rDNA sequencing for several isolates. The set of strains from these fish farms included sorbitol‐positive, gelatinase‐positive and non‐motile Y. ruckeri. These variants were differentiated with an advanced FT‐IR module, which is part of a higher‐ranking method including more than 200 well‐defined Yersinia strains against a background of more than 1000 other Gram‐negative isolates. Validation of the newly constructed method yielded 97.4% of Y. ruckeri identified correctly on the species level. Thus, the FT‐IR analysis enables distinction of all Y. ruckeri from other Yersinia species (e.g. fish‐borne Y. enterocolitica) and other Enterobacteriaceae typically misidentified because of similar biochemical reaction profiles, especially Hafnia alvei. The differentiation of sorbitol‐positive variants of Y. ruckeri using FT‐IR was demonstrated.  相似文献   

山梨醇对李果肉组织总RNA提取的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

徐秋红  章镇  佟兆国  高志红  渠慎春  乔玉山 《江苏农业学报》2010,26(2)

探讨了不同浓度的山梨醇清洗溶液对李果肉组织中RNA提取效果的影响。经琼脂糖凝胶电泳、核酸蛋白分析仪和RT-PCR等方法对RNA质量和产率进行了分析,结果表明:李果肉组织研磨后用山梨醇清洗溶液处理有利于总RNA的提取,而不添加山梨醇的清洗溶液,提取液中检测不到RNA,当清洗溶液中山梨醇浓度为1.10mol/L时,李果肉组织总RNA的产率明显高于山梨醇浓度为0.35 mol/L和3.00 mol/L时的产率;以不同贮藏天数的李果实为试材提取总RNA,其结果是一致的;通过RT-PCR扩增蛋白延伸因子EF-2基因,结果证明本试验提取的总RNA可以用于基因转录表达特性分析。  相似文献   

Mehlich 3 Extraction of Boron in Boron Treated Soils as Compared to Other Extractants     

《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(7-8):1245-1259

Abstract

Hot water extraction (HW) is time‐consuming, highly variable, and losing popularity as the standard method for estimating plant‐available boron (B) in soil. Proposed alternatives are not widely used and guesstimation is replacing assessment at many soil test facilities. Mehlich 3 is increasingly promoted as a universal extractant, and diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA)–sorbitol and pressurized hot water (PHW) are effective and comparable to hot water extraction but also simpler and easier. Mehlich 3 B extraction has been compared mainly to hot water extraction. Because Mehlich 3 usage would be limited to neutral to acid soils, this study used a limed acid Darco loamy fine sand (loamy, siliceous, semiactive, thermic Grossarenic Paleudult) from eastern Texas to which 10 rates of B were applied followed by either incubation without plants or planting to alfalfa in greenhouse pots. Mehlich 3 extraction of soils obtained from a long‐term experiment on Darco soil from which alfalfa yield response has already been related to hot water, DTPA–sorbitol, and PHW is reported. The purpose was to determine the efficiency of Mehlich 3 B extraction compared to hot water, PHW, and DTPA–sorbitol in these B‐fertilized soils. Mehlich 3–extractable B significantly correlated with the rate of B application to incubation, greenhouse, and field soils and with B concentration and total B uptake in alfalfa in a greenhouse experiment. However, yield responses to B application were not observed in the greenhouse study. In the field where B response to B application was observed, Mehlich 3–extractable B did not correlate with alfalfa yield, whereas hot water and pressurized hot water did. In considering Mehlich 3 for B extraction, be aware that some older inductively coupled plasma (ICP) models may have significant drift when B is measured in Mehlich 3 extractant. In the current study, this problem was overcome with a new model instrument. Although effective in estimating B levels imposed on soils by fertilizer application, Mehlich 3 could not predict yield and thus cannot currently be recommended as a “universal” extractant to include B.  相似文献