绿僵菌的培养及其防治白蚁的效果   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6  

黄海  董昌金 《湖北农业科学》2006,45(1):62-64

在平板上测定了不同温度、pH值、碳氮源、微量元素及生长因子(维生素)对绿僵茵茵丝生长及产孢量的影响.结果表明:pH值7.0、温度28℃时最适合绿僵茵的生长;以玉米粉为碳源、酵母膏为氮源时茵丝生长最好、产孢量最高;加入适量的微量元素及维生素有利于茵丝生长及产孢量的提高,其中以加入微量元素Mn和维生素C的效果最佳.绿僵茵对黑翅土白蚁具有强烈的毒杀效果.  相似文献   

Effect of transferring lignocellulose-degrading bacteria from termite to rumen fluid of sheep on in vitro gas production,fermentation parameters,microbial populations and enzyme activity          下载免费PDF全文

Ayoub AZIZI  Afrooz SHARIFI  Hasan FAZAELI  Arash AZARFAR  Arjan JONKER  Ali KIANI 《农业科学学报》2020,19(5):1323-1331

The digestive tract of termite(Microcerotermes diversus) contains a variety of lignocellulose-degrading bacteria with exocellulases enzyme activity, not found in the rumen, which could potentially improve fiber degradation in the rumen. The objectives of the current study were to determine the effect of inoculation of rumen fluid(RF) with three species of bacteria isolated from termite digestive tract, Bacillus licheniformis, Ochrobactrum intermedium, and Microbacterium paludicola, on in vitro gas production(IVGP), fermentation parameters, nutrient disappearance, microbial populations, and hydrolytic enzyme activities with fibrous wheat straw(WS) and date leaf(DL) as incubation substrate. Inoculation of RF with either of three termite bacteria increased(P0.05) ammonia-N concentration compared with the control group(free of termite gut bacteria). Termite bacteria inoculation had no effect(P0.05) on gas production characteristics, dry matter, organic matter and neutral detergent fiber disappearance, pH, and concentration and composition of volatile fatty acids. Population of proteolytic bacteria and protozoa, but not cellulolytic bacteria, were increased(P0.05) when RF was inoculated with termite bacteria with both WS and DL substrates. Inoculation of RF with termite bacteria increased protease activity, while activities of carboxymethyl-cellulase, microcrystalline-cellulase, α-amylase and filter paper degrading activity remained unchanged(P0.05). Overall, the results of this study indicated that transferring lignocellulose-degrading bacteria, isolated from digestive tract of termite, to rumen liquid increased protozoa and proteolytic bacteria population and consequently increased protease activity and ammonia-N concentration in vitro, however, no effect on fermentation and fiber degradation parameters were detected. These results suggest that the termite bacteria might be rapidly lysed by the rumen microbes before beneficial effects on the rumen fermentation process could occur.  相似文献   

鸡(土从)菌生活史的研究     

陈楚鋆  温志强 《福建农林大学学报(自然科学版)》1991,(2)

通过孢子分离,小白球分离都在人工合成培养基上萌发成菌丝,形成小白球,证实小白球是鸡(土从)菌生活循环中的一个发育阶段.鸡(土从)菌担孢子萌发的单核菌丝,经过锁状联合发育成双核菌丝,继而形成小白球,但难以在培养基上长出子实体,而在蚁巢上合轴交叉的菌丝交织成小白球,再发育成原基,在适宜的环境条件下鸡(土从)菌破土而出形成子实体.本研究从无性循环及有性循环两方面初步阐明了鸡(土从)菌的生活史.  相似文献   

厦门白蚁种类名录与常见白蚁的防治   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

康文通  林志伟 《中国森林病虫》2001,20(6):22-23

记载厦门白蚁种类4科12属21种，其中9种为厦门新记录种。为害林木的主要有家白蚁、黑翅土白蚁、黄翅大白蚁，介绍了此3种白蚁常见寄主及防治方法。  相似文献   

五种丛生竹天然抗白蚁性能研究     

安鑫  覃道春  张禄晟  任红玲  靳肖贝 《林产工业》2013,40(4)

笔者以梁山慈竹、龙竹、勃氏甜龙竹、撑绿杂交竹、硬头黄竹为研究对象,参考国家标准GB/T 18260-2000对不同竹种、不同竹龄、不同部位的竹材进行了天然抗白蚁性能比较,以筛选抗蛀性能较好的竹材.结果表明:五种丛生竹的竹材均不具有天然抗白蚁性能;竹龄对梁山慈竹抗白蚁性能影响显著,随竹龄增加其失重率减小,竹材部位对其影响不显著.竹龄在3年以上的梁山慈竹的天然抗白蚁性优于1年和2年的;竹龄对龙竹抗白蚁性能影响不显著,竹材部位对其影响极显著,竹材上部与中下部差异显著,竹材上部失重率大于中下部;五种竹材被白蚁蛀蚀的失重率大小顺序为:梁山慈竹失重率最小,其次为勃氏甜龙竹、龙竹和硬头黄竹,撑绿杂交竹的抗白蚁性能最差、失重率最高;去竹青竹黄的龙竹试样失重率高于原竹试样,说明竹青竹黄对白蚁蛀蚀有一定防护作用.  相似文献   

池州市贵池区白蚁种类调查及综合治理措施     

王晓娟 《现代农业科技》2010,(21):214-215

2005年对池州市贵池区进行了白蚁种类调查采集,共获得82份白蚁样本,经鉴定为2科4属17种白蚁。其中以散白蚁属最多,63份标本中有14种散白蚁,占标本总数的76.83%,散白蚁普遍危害城镇房屋木构件,农村房屋蚁害率达80%以上;土白蚁采到8份标本,均为囟土白蚁,占总份数的9.76%,危害多种林木和土质堤坝;乳白蚁采到10份标本,占总份数的12.20%,乳白蚁是世界灾害性蚁种,对房屋危害的破坏性极大;黄翅大白蚁在人类经营活动少的荒岗林地发生危害,主要危害杉树,也在土坝内筑巢,影响大堤的蓄水和安全度汛。总结了白蚁发生危害特点及综合治理技术,以期为白蚁防治提供参考。  相似文献   

杭州植物园白蚁为害现状及防治对策   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

于炜  黎念林  李佐辉  严衡元 《江西植保》2007,30(2):65-67

白蚁是杭州重要的园林害虫,近年来为害猖獗,严重影响了植物的生长,破坏了生态景观。调查表明,为害杭州植物园的白蚁主要有4种,其中又以黑翅土白蚁为害最为严重。白蚁防治应遵循“预防为主,防治结合”的原则,采取综合防治。杭州植物园的白蚁防治应根据其自身条件,在加强园林养护的基础上,宜采取药剂驱避、喷粉灭杀、诱杀包诱杀相结合的防治措施。  相似文献   

诸暨市经济林白蚁为害现状及其防治对策   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

郭义 《浙江林业科技》2005,25(3):39-41

调查表明,诸暨市经济林受2科8属12种白蚁的为害,其中黑翅土白蚁和黄翅大白蚁是优势种.经济林受白蚁为害的程度与经济林种类及林内植被覆盖度有关.白蚁防治措施包括物理措施和化学措施,其中诱杀法不仅简便易行,而且成本低、效果好.  相似文献   

Comparative effectiveness of two alkylammonium compounds as wood preservatives     

Won-Joung Hwang  S. Nami Kartal  Yuji Imamura  Kunio Tsunoda  Katsumi Shinoda 《Journal of Wood Science》2007,53(4):332-338

This study describes a laboratory evaluation of the efficacy of two alkylammonium compounds [didecyldimethylammonium tetrafluoroborate (DBF) and didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC)] when applied via vacuum impregnation or superficial treatment. Treated wood specimens were tested for their termite and microbial resistance under controlled laboratory conditions. The higher chemical retentions were needed to suppress the feeding by Coptotermes formosanus ≦3% mass loss in the multichoice test than in the no-choice test. The DBF and DDAC retention levels necessary to meet the performance requirement ≦3% mass loss after 12-week fungal exposure varied with wood species. The retention level of 3 kg/m³ for DBF and DDAC was generally high to keep the nondurable wood species free of decay. Although there was no difference between DBF and DDAC in the efficacy against decay and termite attack, the former slightly outperformed the latter as an antimold and antisapstain agent.  相似文献   

桉树白蚁综合防治技术   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

朱建华  张再福  吴建勤  陈红梅  张华庭  陈国顺 《中国森林病虫》2003,22(1):10-12

从林业技术措施，生物防治和化学防治等方面对桉树白蚁的综合防治技术进行了阐述，论述了各种防治措施的优劣和可行性。提出以选择造林地，整地方式，调整造林定植期，加强抚育管理等林业技术措施为基础。综合运用定植前诱杀白蚁，定植时使用药剂保护幼树，定植后药剂毒杀白蚁和保护天敌等措施。达到有效控制桉树白蚁危害的目的。  相似文献