排序方式： 共有13条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
四地区小麦纹枯病菌对6种杀菌剂的抗性比较 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
从山东和江苏的4个小麦产区采集分离了5个小麦纹枯病菌Rhizoctonia cerealis菌株，为明确小麦纹枯病菌对不同杀菌剂的抗性现状，采用生长速率法测定了5个小麦纹枯病菌菌株对三唑酮、井冈霉素、戊唑醇、咯菌腈、丙环唑、苯醚甲环唑6种常用杀菌剂的抗性。结果表明：江苏镇江菌株（JZ）对三唑酮和井冈霉素的抗性分别高达20．46和23．31倍，山东聊城2个菌株（L1和L2）和泰安菌株（TA）对三唑酮的抗性分别为14．26、10．10和11．98倍，滕州菌株（聊）和泰安菌株（TA）对井冈霉素的抗性分别为14．92和10．46倍。5个菌株对戊唑醇、咯菌腈、丙环唑和苯醚甲环唑抗性均不明显，其中戊唑醇对小麦纹枯病的防治效果最好。 相似文献
2.
井冈霉素对3种生防芽孢杆菌的生长抑制活性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
管碟法测定了井冈霉素对12株枯草芽孢杆菌（Bacillus subtilis）、6株苏云金芽孢杆菌（B．thuringiensis）及3株蜡质芽孢杆菌（Bacillus cereus）的离体抑制活性。结果表明,不同种以及同种不同菌株的芽孢杆菌对井冈霉素的敏感性存在差异,但从总体上看,井冈霉素A对大多数枯草芽孢杆菌的抑制作用较强．而对大多数蜡质芽孢杆菌和苏云金芽孢杆菌的抑制活性较低,在1．00×10^5mg／L浓度下仅有轻微的抑制作用。 相似文献
3.
4.
井冈霉素?枯草芽孢杆菌对小麦纹枯病菌室内毒力测定及药效试验 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了明确5%井冈霉素WP与200亿孢子/g枯草芽孢杆菌WP复配对小麦纹枯病的毒力作用,通过菌丝生长速率法测定了二者不同配比对小麦纹枯病菌的室内毒力,根据Wadley法评价增效作用,并对筛选出的最佳配比的药剂进行了盆栽药效实验,结果表明：5%井冈霉素WP与200亿孢子/g枯草芽孢杆菌WP在1:1的配比时增效系数最大,增效最为显著,此配比制剂用量500、125、250 mg/L时的预防效果分别达到78.8%,77.3%,75.1%,均高于50%多菌灵WP（167 mg/L）和5%井冈霉素WP（250 mg/L）,治疗效果和预防效果明显。5%井岗霉素WP与200亿孢子/g枯草芽孢杆菌1:1复配可作为防治小麦纹枯病的理想药剂。 相似文献
5.
介孔活性炭表面改性对两种农用抗生素吸附性能的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
研究了介孔活性炭通过用硝酸和氨水进行表面改性后对2种农用抗生素——阿维菌素和井冈霉素吸附性能的影响。结果表明:硝酸可增加介孔活性炭表面的酸性亲水基团,从而增加了对亲水性药物井冈霉素的吸附量,但却降低了对疏水性药物阿维菌素的吸附量;但当硝酸质量分数超过55%、温度超过60 ℃时,硝酸的强氧化作用会破坏活性炭的部分孔隙结构,使其对井冈霉素的吸附量有所下降。与之相反,氨水则因减少了介孔活性炭表面的酸性亲水基团而对阿维菌素的吸附量有所上升。利用SAS统计软件进行相关性分析,证实介孔活性炭表面酸性基团数量、尤其是羧基的数量与其对井冈霉素和阿维菌素的吸附量呈极显著相关,相关系数分别为0.560 2和-0.873 7。由此推断:增加介孔活性炭表面的酸性亲水基团,可以在一定程度上增加活性炭对亲水性药物的吸附量;而增加疏水性基团,则可以增加其对疏水性药物的吸附量。 相似文献
6.
测定了井冈霉素A对枯草芽胞杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)R31游离生长和生物膜形成的影响,并初步探索了井冈霉素A对枯草芽胞杆菌R31游离生长的影响可能机制,为进一步促进井冈霉素A和枯草芽胞杆菌复配提高防效和扩大防治对象提供依据。分别将不同浓度的井冈霉素A标准品、60%井冈霉素A加入枯草芽胞杆菌R31的培养液中,通过结晶紫染色的方法观察和测定其对R31生物被膜形成的影响;通过测定培养液OD值分别检验了井冈霉素A对R31游离生长的影响及海藻糖对井冈霉素A抑制的缓解作用。结果表明,不同浓度的井冈霉素A标准品和60%井冈霉素A能够促进R31生物被膜的形成,但对摇瓶中游离生长的R31表现出先抑制后促进现象,此现象与R31胞外多糖的产生无关;加入海藻糖后可以减轻抑制。可以利用井冈霉素A促进R31生物被膜形成的特点制备复配型生物农药,扩大防治对象和增加田间防效。 相似文献
7.
敌力脱防治小麦纹枯病药效评价 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
敌力脱（丙环唑）和井冈霉素两种药剂采用生长速率法,室内毒力测定地小麦纹枯病菌的ＥＣ６０分别为０．３３ｍｇ／Ｌ和０．２７ｍｇ／Ｌ;ＥＣ９９为３０．０７ｍｇ／Ｌ和６４０．８２ｍｇ／Ｌ;田间施药１０ｄ防效分别为８６．７２％和７６．５８％,且在９５％水平上差异性显著。表明２５％敌力脱乳油防治小麦纹枯病优于井冈毒素。 相似文献
8.
LIANG Yan ;ZHANG Xue-mei ;LI De-qiang ;HUANG Fu ;Hu Pei-song ;PENG Yun-liang 《水稻科学》2014,21(6):354-360
Severe epidemic of false smut, caused by Ustilaginoidea virens(Cooke) Takahashi(teleomorph Villosiclava virens) has been reported in different parts of Asia and America. Different fungicides or bio-control agents against false smut were applied at different times before heading on a susceptible rice variety Pu-6. A control efficiency as high as 91.92% was resulted from spraying 2.5% Wenquning, a suspension of Bacillus subtilis in solution of validamycin with 4.5 L/hm2 at 6 d before heading. Among the 186 hybrid rice screened in 2010, low significant correlations between the dates of full heading, rates of infected plants and panicles as well as the number of infected florets were found, with the correlation coefficients ranging from 0.2331 to 0.5212. However, significant difference in susceptibility coefficients was also found between the varieties which had the same dates of full heading. In the plot experiments to compare the susceptibility in 2011, the average rates of infected panicles of Yixiangyou 2168, Chuanxiangyou 3, Dexiang 4103, Yixiangyou 2115, Nei5 you 317, Yangxinyou 1 were significantly lower than those of the control varieties Gangyou 725 and Gangyou 188 at the disease nursery located at Qionglai, Sichuan Province, China. When Neixiangyou 8156 and Nei5 you 317 were sprayed with 2.5% Wenquning at 4.5 L/hm2 for two times at 6 d before and 1 d after heading, respectively, the control efficiencies of Nei5 you 317 and Neixiangyou 8156 were respectively 100% and 82.24% compared to that of Gangyou 725. Satisfactory control effects had also obtained by single spray of 2.5% Wenquning at 4.5 L/hm2 at 5–6 d before heading. Therefore, less susceptible hybrid rice in combination with spraying Wenquning at 5–6 d before heading was suggested for the disease control in Sichuan Province, China. 相似文献
9.
Mangroves are intertidal extreme environments with rich microbial communities. Actinobacteria are well known for producing antibiotics. The search for biosynthetic potential of Actinobacteria from mangrove environments could provide more possibilities for useful secondary metabolites. In this study, whole genome sequencing and MS/MS analysis were used to explore the secondary metabolite production potential of one actinobacterial strain of Streptomyces olivaceus sp., isolated from a mangrove in Macau, China. The results showed that a total of 105 gene clusters were found in the genome of S. olivaceus sp., and 53 known secondary metabolites, including bioactive compounds, peptides, and other products, were predicted by genome mining. There were 28 secondary metabolites classified as antibiotics, which were not previously known from S. olivaceus. ISP medium 2 was then used to ferment the S. olivaceus sp. to determine which predicted secondary metabolite could be truly produced. The chemical analysis revealed that ectoine, melanin, and the antibiotic of validamycin A could be observed in the fermentation broth. This was the first observation that these three compounds can be produced by a strain of S. olivaceus. Therefore, it can be concluded that Actinobacteria isolated from the mangrove environment have unknown potential to produce bioactive secondary metabolites. 相似文献
10.
井冈霉素是最成功的生物源杀菌剂之一,也是防治水稻纹枯病的最常用与最有效的农药之一。文章综述了井冈霉素的理化性质及关于井冈霉素生物活性的研究,井冈霉素不仅抑制海藻糖酶活性,而且还具有抑制真菌的纤维素降解酶、多聚半乳糖醛酸酶和肌醇生物合成的活性;总结了井冈霉素的检测方法,通过色谱与质谱联用等方法来完成,最低检测量达到了0.4 ng。提出井冈霉素的生物合成是先将葡萄糖经过戊糖磷酸途径生成景天庚酮糖-7-磷酸,然后将葡萄糖与景天庚酮糖-7-磷酸经过10个酶催化,最终合成了井冈霉素A。最后评价了井冈霉素的发酵生产工艺,经过培养基组分优化、补料添加、发酵条件控制与分离工艺改进,井冈霉素的生产工艺也日趋完善。 相似文献