贵州省黔东南地区草地贪夜蛾寄生性天敌资源调查初报   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张柱亭  秦绍钊  李静  王迎  孙漩  董辉  刘金文  宋新元 《植物保护》2019,45(6):65-69

草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda(J. E. Smith)于2019年5月入侵贵州黔东南地区,严重威胁当地农业生态。黔东南地区丰富的生物资源是挖掘草地贪夜蛾自然天敌的重要基础。为明确黔东南地区草地贪夜蛾天敌的发生情况,2019年5月至7月,采用五点取样法对选取的3个地点开展调查。结果表明,草地贪夜蛾在黔东南地区的主要寄生性天敌有5类,分别为白僵菌属、绿僵菌属、茧蜂科、姬蜂科和黑卵蜂属昆虫,寄生率最高分别为45.50%、57.00%、3.00%、20.00%和12.50%,寄生草地贪夜蛾幼虫期4种天敌综合控制力最高达96.50%。本研究可为草地贪夜蛾天敌资源挖掘与利用提供重要参考。  相似文献   

应用本土寄生蜂防治松突圆蚧效果     

冯莹  谢伟忠  许少嫦  高亿波  方天松  陈瑞屏 《林业科技开发》2014,28(3)

对广东省信宜市应用本土寄生蜂防控松突圆蚧效果进行了调查.结果表明,在信宜林科所、尚文水库尾和安峨大六村,应用本土寄生蜂防治松突圆蚧效果较稳定,防治效果均在50％以上,其中信宜林科所的防治效果高达85.91％.放蜂点环境、放蜂方法和时间对防治效果有较大影响.  相似文献   

黄圆蹄盾蚧寄生蜂的空间分布     

时玉娟  陶玫  陈国华  王彩花 《云南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2007,22(1):54-56

 通过系统调查和室内饲养得出,云南省安宁市香樟上黄圆蹄盾蚧（Aonidiella citrina）的寄生蜂共有3种,即双带巨角跳小蜂［Comperiella bifasciata（Howard）］、盾蚧长缨蚜小蜂［Aspidiotiphagus citrinus(ctaw)］和双带花角蚜小蜂［Azotus perspeciosus(Girault)］。黄圆蹄盾蚧寄生蜂在香樟不同方位上的分布不同。在层次上,寄生蜂在外层的平均寄生率要比内层高;在方位上,寄生蜂在南面的平均寄生率最高,而在北面的平均寄生率最低,东西方位的平均寄生率差别不显著。通过Talor幂法和Iwao的回归分析对黄圆蹄盾蚧寄生蜂的空间分布型进行研究,得出的结果均一致,即黄圆蹄盾蚧寄生蜂种群在香樟上的空间分布型为均匀分布,且种群密度越高分布越均匀。  相似文献   

Study on Flying Behavior of Tiphia popilliavora Rohwer in Two Types of Inter-Cropping Fields     

CHEN Hong-yin  CHEN Chang-feng  WANG Shu-ying  LUO Yi-zhen  McDonald R C 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2003,2(6)

A study was conducted in corn-peanut and sweet potato-peanut fields on the flying behavior of the white grub parasitoid Tiphia popitliavora Rohwer wasps. Observation on the first three times of flying,after the wasps being released, revealed that the first flying was an escape style and not showed preference to land on any special crops. 81.82 % wasps landed on corn leaves at the second flying but stayed for just about 3min. In the sweet potato-peanut field, 51.43 % wasps landed on sweet potato in contrast with 48.57 % landed on peanuts and in the afternoon 33.53 % on sweet potato compared with 76.4 % landed on peanut field. Majority preferred landing on peanut field on the third flying in both type fields of inter-cropping. Behavior of flying was different between morning and afternoon. The time length between two flies showed that wasps were more active in the morning than in the afternoon.  相似文献   

贵州不同区域水稻各生育期稻田寄生蜂的多样性差异     

孙翠英  龙见坤  潘盛波  石庆型  罗庆怀 《贵州农业科学》2015,(1)

为探明贵州省不同生态环境水稻3个主要生育期稻田寄生蜂物种组成的异同及多样性特点,采用田间调查的方法在具有不同代表性的4个区域(贵州省榕江县车江乡、绥阳县洋川镇、贵阳市花溪区石板镇和六枝特区平寨镇)进行了调查研究。结果表明:采集到水稻寄生蜂标本5 222号,隶属23科123属224种;各地稻田寄生蜂个体数和丰富度的最高时期出现在乳熟期,除榕江县车江乡稻田寄生蜂的优势度最高时期出现在乳熟期外,其余各地的多样性指数、优势度和均匀度的最高时期均出现在抽穗期-开花期。稻田寄生蜂的多样性取决于其物种数及物种个体数的分布情况。  相似文献   

重庆地区栗瘿蜂寄生蜂种类及其控制作用的研究     

任爽 《安徽农业科学》2009,37(7):3055-3056

通过野外调查和室内饲养,研究重庆市栗瘿蜂寄生蜂的种类及其对寄主种群消长的调控作用,结果表明,在重庆地区栗瘿蜂的主要寄生蜂有9种,分别隶属于膜翅目长尾小蜂科[中华长尾小蜂Torymus sinensis Kamijo、葛氏长尾小蜂Torymus geranial（Walker）、日本大痣长尾小蜂Megastigmus nipponicus Kamijo、斑翅大痣长尾小蜂Megastigmus maculipennis Kamijo、姬黄色长尾小蜂Megastigmus koebelei Ashmead]、旋小蜂科（栗瘿旋小蜂Eupelmus urozonus Dalman）、跳小蜂科（跳小蜂Encyrtidae sp.）、刻腹小蜂科（栗瘿刻腹小蜂Ormyrus sp.）、广肩小蜂科（广肩小蜂Eurytoma sp.）,全部为幼虫期体外寄生性小蜂,中华长尾小蜂Torymus sinensis Kamijo为优势种。个体数量较多的中华长尾小蜂Torymus sinensis Kamijo、栗瘿旋小蜂Eupelmus urozonus Dalman和栗瘿刻腹小蜂Ormyrus sp.分别占寄生蜂总个体数量的30.77%,20.98%,18.88%。在重庆地区寄生蜂是控制栗瘿蜂种群数量变动的主要因子。  相似文献   

白蜡窄吉丁综合防控研究进展   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

孙元王皙玮  段建军王贵强 《中国农学通报》2013,29(18):158-161

白蜡窄吉丁是一种入侵性害虫,寄生树种多、隐蔽性强、危害大。详细叙述白蜡窄吉丁的形态特征、地理分布及其综合防控方法。其中,防控方法主要包括生态控制、物理防治、生物防治及化学防治等方面。提出生态控制和生物防治,特别是对其天敌寄生蜂的分布与控制作用评价、优势天敌的空间分布、繁殖与释放利用是今后研究的重点。  相似文献   

Evaluation of Sensitivity to Phoxim and Cypermethrin in an Endoparasitoid,Meteorus pulchricornis (Wesmael) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), and Its Parasitization Efficiency Under Insecticide Stress     

Sheng Sheng  Jiao Wang  Xiao-rui Zhang  Zhi-xiang Liu  Meng-wen Yan  Ying Shao  Jin-cheng Zhou  Fu-an Wu  Jun Wang 《Journal of insect science (Online)》2021,21(1)

Insecticides can have consequences for beneficial arthropods. Insect parasitoids can contact insecticides through direct exposure spray droplets or residues on crop foliage. Here, we focus on better understand the response of Meteorus pulchricornis (Wesmael), a parasitoid wasp of lepidopteran pests, and its detoxification mechanisms on stress caused by phoxim and cypermethrin. Hence, we determined the dose–mortality curves and estimating the sublethal concentrations (LC₃₀ and LC₅₀). Then, we applied the sublethal concentrations against adult parasitoids to assess its survival, parasitism efficacy, and also developmental and morphometric parameters of their offspring. Simultaneously, we check the activities of glutathione S-transferase (GST), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and peroxidase (POD) after sublethal exposure of both insecticides, which has measured until 48 h after treatment. Overall, phoxim and cypermethrin exhibited acute lethal activity toward the parasitoid with LC₅₀ values 4.608 and 8.570 mg/liter, respectively. Also, we detect that LC₃₀ was able to trigger the enzymatic activity of GST, AChE, and POD, suggesting a potential detoxification mechanism. However, even when subjected to sublethal exposure, our results indicate strong negatives effects, in particular for phoxim, which has affected the parasitism efficacy and also the developmental and morphometric parameters of M. pulchricornis offspring. Therefore, it can be concluded that both phoxim and cypermethrin have negative impacts on M. pulchricornis and we suggest cautioning their use and the need for semifield and field assessments to confirm such an impact.  相似文献   

Attraction and antennal response of the common wasp,Vespula vulgaris (L.), to selected synthetic chemicals in New Zealand beech forests     

Ashraf M El‐Sayed  Lee‐Anne Manning  C Rikard Unelius  Kye Chung Park  Lloyd D Stringer  Nicola White  Barry Bunn  Andrew Twidle  David M Suckling 《Pest management science》2009,65(9):975-981

BACKGROUND: The common wasp, Vespula vulgaris (L.), and the German wasp, Vespula germanica (F.), are significant problems in New Zealand beech forests (Nothofagus spp.), adversely affecting native birds and invertebrate biodiversity. This work was undertaken to develop synthetic attractants for these species to enable more efficient monitoring and management. RESULTS: Seven known wasp attractants (acetic acid, butyl butyrate, isobutanol, heptyl butyrate, octyl butyrate and 2,4‐hexadienyl butyrate) were field tested, and only heptyl butyrate and octyl butyrate attracted significantly higher numbers of wasps than a non‐baited trap. Accordingly, a series of straight‐chain esters from methyl to decyl butyrate were prepared and field tested for attraction of social wasps. Peak biological activity occurred with hexyl butyrate, heptyl butyrate, octyl butyrate and nonyl butyrate. Polyethylene bags emitting approximately 18.4–22.6 mg day^?1 of heptyl butyrate were more attractive than polyethylene bags emitting approximately 14.7–16.8 mg day^?1 of heptyl butyrate in the field. Electroantennogram (EAG) studies indicated that queens and workers of V. vulgaris had olfactory receptor neurons responding to various aliphatic butyrates. CONCLUSION: These results are the first to be reported on the EAG response and the attraction of social wasps to synthetic chemicals in New Zealand beech forests and will enable monitoring of social wasp activity in beech forests. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

湖南栗瘿蜂的寄生蜂种类及保护利用措施   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

童新旺  傅佑斌  倪乐湘 《湖南林业科技》2005,32(2):35-37

在湖南板栗瘿蜂Dryocosmus kuriphilus(Yasumatus)和麻栎瘿蜂Andricus sp．中共采集到寄生蜂14种。将其中比较重要的8种进行了形态描述,并附采集时间、地点和寄主。同时根据湖南具体情况对如何保护利用这些寄生蜂提出了4点措施。  相似文献