夹竹桃花挥发油的GC-MS分析及β-葡萄糖苷酶对夹竹桃花的增香和豚鼠离体子宫平滑肌的作用     

刘语  刘铮铮  宋宁  南冠君  杨广德 《中国林副特产》2020,(2):1-4,32

目的:建立夹竹桃花挥发油GC-MS的色谱分离鉴定方法,分析夹竹桃花挥发油的化学成分和对豚鼠离体子宫平滑肌的作用。方法:采用挥发油提取器提取夹竹桃花挥发油,以GC-MS法进行分析鉴定,建立了豚鼠离体子宫模型。结果:分别从无酶和有酶的夹竹桃花挥发油提取物中确证了58和57个化合物,挥发油对豚鼠离体子宫平滑肌有收缩作用。结论:对夹竹桃的挥发油化学成分进行了比较分析结果表明,β-葡萄糖苷酶对夹竹桃花有较弱增香作用,也能增加豚鼠离体子宫平滑肌收缩。  相似文献   

碱提甘蔗皮多糖提取工艺、初步结构及其对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制作用     

王萱萱  刘春宇  谢贝昱  张淑淑  王丹阳  朱振元 《中国农业科学》2021,54(12):2653-2665

【目的】建立碱提甘蔗皮多糖的优化工艺,进一步探究其结构特征,并评价其对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制作用。【方法】采用单因素试验和响应面分析法（RSM）对碱提甘蔗皮多糖（SPAP）提取工艺进行优化,采用苯酚硫酸法测定多糖含量。SPAP经Sevag法除蛋白、AB-8除色素后进行结构表征,主要包括高效液相色谱法（HPLC）检测多糖分子量分布,气相-质谱色谱仪（GC-MS）进行单糖分析及傅里叶红外光谱仪（FT-IR）对官能团进行分析。采用4-硝基苯基-D-吡喃葡糖苷（PNPG）法测定多糖提取物对α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制作用。【结果】SPAP的最佳提取条件为提取温度37℃、氢氧化钠（NaOH）浓度5%、料液比1∶46（g·mL^-1）、提取次数4次,在此条件下SPAP得率达到10.84%。经除蛋白、色素后,SPAP含量达到86.54%,主要由阿拉伯糖、木糖、葡萄糖和半乳糖4种单糖组成,分子量为3.03×10³ kD,可能为吡喃型杂多糖,呈现α或β构型。此外,SPAP表现出良好的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制作用,其抑制率达到78.31%。【结论】对碱提甘蔗皮多糖进行工艺优化,可有效利用原料、提高产出和效率;由HPLC、FT-IR、GC-MS等方面初步阐述了SPAP的结构特性,同时SPAP对α-葡萄糖苷酶表现出良好的抑制作用,具有一定的降糖潜力,研究结果为进一步研究SPAP的构效关系提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

铁皮石斛枫斗加工前后差异成分比较     

刘鹏飞  范蓓  刘湘丹  杨洋  卢聪  佟立涛  孙晶  王凤忠 《核农学报》2022,36(12):2412-2418

铁皮石斛(Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo)的传统功效为益胃生津、滋阴清热,在降血糖方面具有较好的作用。前期研究发现,与铁皮石斛鲜条相比,枫斗的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制率更高,且枫斗中化学成分种类丰富。为明确铁皮石斛枫斗与鲜条的差异性成分,阐明铁皮石斛加工成枫斗的科学内涵,本研究利用超高效液相色谱-四级杆串联飞行时间质谱仪(UPLC-QTOF-MS)在正离子模式下采集二者的代谢物信息,通过主成分分析、偏最小二乘判别分析等算法挖掘差异性化合物,并利用质谱碎片、数据库比对等方式鉴定差异性成分,最后采用聚类分析方法研究差异性成分在铁皮石斛枫斗和鲜条中的含量变化规律。经过筛选和鉴定共得到16种差异性化合物,其中柚皮素、4,4'-二羟基-3,5-二甲基联苄、诺比林A、石斛酚等12种黄酮、联苄类化合物在枫斗中含量较高,而α-亚麻酸、L-苯丙氨酸、草质素等4种脂肪酸、氨基酸类化合物在鲜条中含量较高,这些差异性成分可能是潜在的铁皮石斛枫斗降血糖功能成分。本研究结果为阐明铁皮石斛枫斗降血糖物质基础提供了数据支撑,对进一步促进铁皮石斛精深加工具有重要意义。  相似文献   

Kaurane-type diterpenoids from Chromoleana odorata, their X-ray diffraction studies and potent α-glucosidase inhibition of 16-kauren-19-oic acid     

Wafo P  Kamdem RS  Ali Z  Anjum S  Begum A  Oluyemisi OO  Khan SN  Ngadjui BT  Etoa XF  Choudhary MI 《Fitoterapia》2011,82(4):642-646

A new diterpenoid, 15-angeloyloxy-16,17-epoxy-19-kauronic acid (1), along with five known metabolites, 16-kauren-19-oic acid (2), 6′-hydroxy-2′,3′,4,4′-tetramethoxychalcone (3), isosakuranetin (4), acacetin (5), and kaempferide (6) was isolated from the organic extracts of the roots of Chromoleana odorata. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic evidences. The structures of 1 and 2 were further confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. Compound 2 exhibited significant α-glucosidase inhibitory and antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis.  相似文献   

Three new water-soluble alkaloids from the leaves of Suregada glomerulata (Blume) Baill     

Yan RY  Wang HQ  Liu C  Chen RY  Yu DQ 《Fitoterapia》2011,82(2):247-250

Three new water-soluble alkaloids (1-3) together with twelve known compounds (4-15) have been isolated from the water extract of leaves of Suregada glomerulata. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis and chemical method. Compounds 1-3 were evaluated for their in vitro inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase and HIV-1 replication. However, no significant activities were found.  相似文献   

间作作物及其还田时间对土壤碳素状况和相关酶活性的影响     

A. PIOTROWSKA-DLUGOSZ  E. WILCZEWSKI 《土壤圈》2015,25(4):569-579

Catch crops that are cultivated for green manure play an important role in improving soil properties. A 3-year field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of catch crop(pea, Pisum sativum L.) management, i.e., incorporation of catch crop in October/November(autumn) and March(spring), and without catch crop(control), on soil organic carbon(SOC), microbial biomass carbon(MBC) and the activities of carbon(C)-cycle enzymes, including cellulase(Cel), β-glucosidase(Glu) and invertase(Inv). Additionally, soil total nitrogen(TN) and p HKClwere investigated. The catch crop was cultivated from August to October each year during 2008–2010. Soil samples were collected from the field of spring barley(Hordeum vulgare L.) that had been grown after the catch crop. Soil samples for microbial activity determination were taken in March, May, June and August in 2009, 2010 and2011, while SOC and TN contents as well as p HKClwere determined in March and August. The chemical properties studied did not show significant changes as influenced by the experimental factors. The use of catch crop significantly increased the MBC content and the activities of C-cycle enzymes compared to the control. When the catch crop was incorporated in spring, a significantly higher MBC content was noted in March and May compared to autumn incorporation. Moreover, the spring incorporation of the catch crop significantly increased the Glu activity(except March), while the activities of Cel and Inv as well as the rate of soil basal respiration were usually unaffected by the time of catch crop incorporation. Greater microbial biomass and higher enzyme activities in the catch crop-treated soil, compared to the control, indicated that the application of the catch crop as a green manure could be recommended as a promising technique to increase the biological activity of the soil. Since there was no significant effect or no consistent results were obtained related to the time of catch crop incorporation, both spring and autumn applications can be recommended as a management tool to improve the status of soil properties during the growth of a subsequent crop.  相似文献   

Linkage Between the Incompatibility Locus Z and a β-Glucosidase Locus in Rye   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

A. Gertz  G. Wricke 《Plant Breeding》1989,102(3):255-259

Crosses of plants from the same I_0.1 line can be used for studying linkage relations between incompatibility loci and marker genes. Only one of the two incompatibility loci of rye has so far been localized, on chromosome 1R. In order to locate the second locus, crosses were performed with plants possessing known isozyme markers of the rye genome. Linkage was found with the β-glucosidase locus on chromosome 2R. By combined analysis a recombination value of C.144 was determined.  相似文献   

抑制膳食相关酶活性的红曲霉菌株的选育     

秦江辉  周礼红  胡开成  赵永霞  李祝 《贵州农业科学》2012,40(6):134-137

为弄清红曲霉在降脂减肥方面的作用,进一步开发红曲产物类药物应用于市场,以产红曲红色素的红曲霉菌株为出发菌株,经60Co诱变,对抑制与膳食相关的α-淀粉酶、胰蛋白酶和脂肪酶3种酶活性的红曲霉菌株进行了选育。结果表明:选育出1株能显著抑制3种与膳食相关酶的突变菌株M3-19,菌株M3-19液体发酵产物对α-淀粉酶、胰蛋白酶、脂肪酶有明显的抑制作用,抑制率分别为55.83%、25.4%和31.5%。经传代10代遗传稳定。  相似文献   

β-葡萄糖苷酶高产菌株的筛选及其性质研究     

岳冬冬  刘新育  徐新慧  王明道  王彩澜  陈红歌 《河南农业大学学报》2012,46(2):173-176,181

从腐败的纤维质中分离筛选得到10株β-葡萄糖苷酶产生菌,与实验室保存的9株菌株一起做产酶发酵,其中B2酶活性最高,为24.4 U·mL﹣1,经菌种鉴定为黑曲霉,其β-葡萄糖苷酶最适合的pH值为4.5,最适温度为65℃,在pH值3.0～10.0较稳定;温度稳定性较好,在65℃保温120 min后仍有61.6%的相对活性;终浓度为5 mmol·L﹣1的Fe2+和Mn2+对酶活性有较强的促进作用.该酶较好的热稳定性和pH值稳定性使其显示出较好的应用潜力.  相似文献   

高产纤维素酶菌株的筛选     

周成  徐磊  肖新  谢越  汪建飞  马忠友 《安徽农学通报》2016,22(8)

该研究从农田土壤中分离得到67株细菌,并从中选出一株高产纤维素酶菌株。将这些菌株接种到纤维素培养基上,在p H 5.5和28℃的条件下,利用刚果红染色溶液进行染色后,测其水解透明圈与菌落的比值的大小,进行初步筛选。将这些初筛的菌株接种到培养基中进行摇床培养后,制得粗酶液,并分析羧甲基纤维素酶(CMC)活力测定和滤纸酶(FP)活力及β-葡萄糖苷酶(BG)。在不同温度的条件下,对纤维素酶活力测定,最终筛选出曲霉A25(Aspergillus sp.)这一株菌株,最适酶活温度为50℃。产纤维素酶酶活力分别为:CMC酶活达2 340.92 U/m L;FP酶活达2.66U/m L;BG酶活达164.72U/m L。  相似文献