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为探明生物刺激素在缓解番茄幼苗高温伤害中的作用及相关生理机制,以耐热番茄品种‘LA2093’、中等耐热番茄品种‘硬粉8号’和热敏感番茄品种‘LA2683’为试验材料,研究高温胁迫下叶面喷施3种不同种类的生物刺激素(海藻提取物、壳寡糖、矿源黄腐酸)对番茄幼苗生长和相关生理指标的影响。结果表明,叶面喷施适宜种类和浓度的生物刺激素可以有效缓解高温胁迫对番茄幼苗带来的伤害。具体表现为:幼苗叶片萎蔫程度减轻,整株死亡现象减少,热害指数相比高温对照(HT)显著降低,降幅最高可达72.9%,植株的生物量也显著增加;同时,叶片的电解质渗透率和丙二醛(MDA)含量显著降低,最高降幅分别为26.8%和58.9%;脯氨酸(Pro)和可溶性蛋白含量显著增加,最高增幅分别为52.5%和19.0%。在高温胁迫下,生物刺激素通过增强番茄幼苗的渗透调节系统功能,缓解了膜脂过氧化的伤害,从而缓解高温对幼苗生长的抑制作用。不同生物刺激素的作用效果与番茄品种特性及其处理浓度有关。由此建议,在生产上叶面喷施100mg/L矿源黄腐酸缓解番茄幼苗高温伤害。 相似文献
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为比较农用腐殖酸、生化腐殖酸、海藻酸钠寡糖、氨基酸、复合生物刺激素在小麦上的应用效果,采用盆栽试验,分析了这5种生物刺激素喷施对小麦产量形成及品质的影响。结果表明,喷施5种生物刺激素均可一定程度促进小麦旗叶的生长和提高SPAD值,以海藻酸钠寡糖处理效果最优,其净光合速率和水分利用效率较对照均显著增加,气孔限制值则显著下降。除氨基酸处理外,其他生物刺激素处理均可不同程度增加小麦产量,也以海藻酸钠寡糖处理效果最佳,其穗顶部、中部和基部的籽粒重、穗粒数及千粒重均显著增加。5种生物刺激素处理均能不同程度提高小麦总淀粉含量,以生化腐殖酸处理效果最优;此外,生化腐殖酸、农用腐殖酸和海藻酸钠寡糖处理还可提高支链淀粉含量,降低直/支比。除农用腐殖酸外,其余生物刺激素处理的蛋白质、湿面筋和干面筋含量均显著下降。综合而言,5种生物刺激素中,以海藻酸钠寡糖对小麦产量形成的促进效果较好,但对品质具有不利影响。 相似文献
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Abdelnaser A. Elzaawely Mohamed E. Ahmed Hanafey F. Maswada Asem A. Al-Araby Tran D. Xuan 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2018,64(8):1068-1082
Garlic extract has been established to enhance the growth and yield of some plant crops, but little is known about its content of phytohormones. A field study was carried out, in two growing seasons, to evaluate the performance of snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cv. ‘Paulista’ in terms of growth traits, biochemical parameters, hormonal status and yield characteristics in response to two-time foliar spray at 30 and 45 days after sowing with three concentrations (1:40, 1:20 and 1:10) of garlic cloves extract (GCE). The experiment was designed in completely randomized blocks in a factorial arrangement with three replicates. The hormonal analysis indicated that GCE contains high levels of various phytohormones particularly salicylates, auxins, and gibberellins. Plant height, leaf area, leaves number, plant weight, flowers number and leaf and pod chemical compositions were significantly enhanced in response to GCE. The high dose of GCE caused the maximum increase in number of pods, pod fresh weight as well as the total pod yield. This stimulating effect of GCE may be due not only to its nutritional factors but also to its richness of phytohormones and phenolic compounds, and it can be further used as a plant growth promoter (PGP). 相似文献
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Valeria Barone Ferdinando Fragalà Piergiorgio Stevanato Andrea Baglieri 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2019,65(5):712-726
The enzymatic activity of the soil and potential plant growth can both be affected by the addition of different substances, such as biostimulants. The final objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of Chlorella vulgaris, Scenedesmus quadricauda or their extracts applied directly into the soil, by monitoring the complex soil-microorganism-plant system. Experiments were conducted in pots using agricultural soil and tomato plants in a growth chamber at 25 ± 2 °C illuminated by artificial light with a 16-h photoperiod. The soil biological activity was analyzed by monitoring fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis, dehydrogenases, acid and alkaline phosphomonoesterase and urease activities. Dry weight and chlorophyll index values of tomato plants were also investigated. Results showed that both the microalgae and their extracts positively affected soil biological activity by increasing values of the biochemical index of potential soil fertility (Mw) both in cultivated and uncultivated soils. The highest Mw value was reached in cultivated soil treated for 11 days with the lower concentration of S. quadricauda extract (Mw 9.47). All treatments significantly increased the growth of tomato plants with respect to untreated soil. These results are very promising with a view to improving soil biological activity as well as increasing plant growth. 相似文献
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Wael Morad Semida Taia Ali Abd El-Mageed Khaulood Hemida Mostafa Mohamed Rady 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2019,94(5):632-642
Plant biostimulants are an emerging trend of crop management products which can enhance nutrient uptake, plant growth and productivity under various abiotic stresses. The ability of diluted bee-honey extract (DHE) to enhance the tolerance of onion plants to salinity stress has been investigated. Two-season field experiments were consecutively conducted in 2015/16 and 2016/17 to study the effect of 25–50 g/L DHE foliar application on growth, yield, physio-biochemical attributes, and antioxidative defence of two onion cultivars (i.e. GizaRed and Giza-20) grown on a saline soil (EC = 8.81 dS m?1). Results exhibited that DHE significantly increased biomass production, bulb yield and water use efficiency, leaf photosynthetic and pigments contents. Additionally, DHE applicati\on also improves osmoprotectants, membrane stability index (MSI) and relative water content (RWC), and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants of both onion cultivars in comparison with untreated control plants. In general, both cultivars showed a similar response to the DHE. Results of this study highlighted the potential impact of DHE as a promising plant bio-stimulant for overcoming the harmful effects of soil salinity stress by increasing the activity of plant antioxidative defence systems 相似文献
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Izudin Klokić Dino Hasanagić Senad Murtić Borut Bosančić Vida Todorović 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2020,70(3):233-240
ABSTRACTPlant biostimulants are commercial products based on different chemical substances used to enhance plant growth and productivity. The effects of biostimulants, Megafol and Viva, with different dominant compositions (amino acids and humic acids) on two tomato cultivars (cv. Gravitet F1 and cv. Minaret F1) exposed to conventional and low-input macronutrient nutrition were investigated. Application of both biostimulants positively affected yield at conventional nutrition. In low-input nutrition variant, biostimulant application prevented yield loss only in cv. Minaret F1. Inter-cultivar differences were noticed in fruit characteristics (total phenol content, total flavonoids content and total antioxidative capacity) where application of biostimulants leads to opposite results in the examined cultivars. We considered the possibility of biostimulant usage as an effective nutritional addition for overcoming the problem of excessive fertilisation. 相似文献
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Daniele Massa Anna Lenzi Enzo Montoneri Marco Ginepro Domenico Prisa Gianluca Burchi 《Journal of plant nutrition》2018,41(3):396-409
Biostimulants are substances promoting plant growth, quality and stress resistance. The present work aimed to investigate whether soluble hydrolysates from biowaste performed as biostimulants. Hibiscus (Hibiscus moscheutos L. subsp. palustris) plants were subjected to four treatments: standard fertilization, low fertilization (LF), and LF with added soluble digestate or soluble compost. Plant performance indicators were biomass accumulation, biometric parameters, leaf gaseous exchanges and elemental composition, and nitrogen (N)-use efficiency. LF negatively affected most of the investigated parameters. However, plants treated with biowaste-derived products performed better than untreated low-fertilized plants (+21 to 145% for biomass accumulation and biometric parameters, and carbon assimilation rate) and for many parameters reached values comparable to those showed by standard-fertilized plants or even higher, as in the case of Potassium (K), Silicon (Si), and Molybdenum (Mo) leaf content, and N use efficiency. Therefore, the tested soluble hydrolysates demonstrated to have biostimulant properties in hibiscus grown under nutritional stress. 相似文献
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Abdelnaser A. Elzaawely Mohamed E. Ahmed Hanafey F. Maswada Tran D. Xuan 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2017,63(5):687-699
Increasing growth and productivity of food crops via safe biostimulants is a very important issue in the current years. This study aimed to investigate the potential of moringa leaf extract (MLE) in improving the performance of snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cv. ‘Paulista’ under field conditions. Hormonal analysis of MLE revealed its richness of various classes of phytohormones particularly salicylates. The results revealed that all MLE concentrations had a positive effect on growth, biochemical, yield, and yield related traits as well as yield quality of snap bean compared to control, and the effect was dose-dependent. Moreover, increasing pods yield of snap bean may be related to gibberellins (GA7) content than other plant hormones. In conclusion, the leaf extract of moringa provides a good source of phytohormones that have a positive role to stimulate growth and productivity of snap bean plants. 相似文献
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