小麦抗白粉病种质的创新利用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘润堂 《山西农业科学》2008,36(11)

以簇毛麦为抗源,采用杂交与生物技术相结合的方法,将簇毛麦的抗白粉病基因导入小麦,选育出农艺性状较好、抗白粉病的小麦新种质和高产、抗白粉病的小麦新品种。经AFLP分析,确定抗白粉病种质均含有一段簇毛麦的DNA。  相似文献   

Cloning and Characterization of a Family of Disease Resistance Gene Analogs from 6VS of Haynaldia villosa     

KONG Fan-jing  MA You-Zhi  CHEN Xiao  XIN Zhi-yong 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2003,2(8)

In the present study, microdissection of 6VS and the cloning of the resistance gene analogs (RGA) from them were reported. The 6VS were microdissected with needle and 10 types of resistance gene analogs were obtained by PCR with degenerate oligonucleotide primer designed according to resistance genes. They were designated as Hvrgak1-Hvrgak10, GenBank accession numbers are AF387113-AF387121,AY040671- AY040672. Identity among RGAs was about 10-50%, and identity with cloned R gene from plants was 5-20%. Southern hybridization analysis results showed 3 RGAs, Hvrgak2, Hvrgak4, and Hvrgak5 were linked with wheat powdery mildew resistance. These RGAs may be used as direct entrance or probes for cloning the disease resistance genes.  相似文献   

麦类作物DNA原位杂交及其在远缘杂种染色体分析中的应用   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

钟少斌  姚景侠 《中国农业科学》1997,30(1):33-39

 应用生物素标记的物种基因组DNA探针和克隆的专化性探针，对六倍体小黑麦双二倍体及其杂种和八倍体小麦簇毛麦双二倍体及其杂种进行了染色体DNA原位杂交。结果表明，应用这两种探针均可以准确地检测出小麦远缘杂种中的异源染色体和染色体片段。先后对二个六倍体小黑麦双二倍体（Badger、M#-2A）、一个八倍体小簇麦双二倍体、三个小黑麦易位系（宁麦8026、Amigo、Apollo）、一个小黑麦代换系（84056）和二个小簇麦附加系（94009-5-4、94009-5-9）进行原位杂交和异源染色体的检测，均获得较好的结果。此外，还讨论了应用生物素标记的探针进行原位杂交可能出现的一些技术问题。  相似文献   

Characterization of RAPD Markers, and the RFLP Marker Linked to Powdery Mildew Resistance Gene Derived from Different Accessions of H. villosa     

LI Hui  CHEN Xiao  SHI Ai-nong  KONG Fan-jing  S Leath  J P Murphy  JIA Xu 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2005,4(2)

The analysis was carried out on performance of the resistance gene from Haynaldia villosa accession of the former Soviet Union to different isolates of Bluemerie graminis. Polymorphisms were revealed between 6D/6V substitution line Pm930640and its pedigree parents using five RAPD markers of OPAN031700, OPAI017oo, OPAL03750, OPAD07480 and OPAG1558oscreened out from 120 random 10-mers primers. Three RAPD markers of OPAN03, OPAI01 and OPAL03 were linked with the resistance gene by analysis of F2 population of Chancellor×Pm930640. Analysis of 29 wheat lines including part of lines conferring the known genes from Pm1 to Pm20 respectively, lines conferring resistance gene from two H. villosaaccessions and the related wheat parents, were analyzed and the results showed that these markers not only linked to thegene resistant to powdery mildew from H. villosa, but also detected different genetic backgrounds. OPAL03750 can beused as the marker to distinguish the different resistant lines from two H. villosa accessions because it was only observedin the materials from H. villosa of the former Soviet Union. RFLP analysis also showed the polymorphisms between twoH. villosa accessions and their derived resistant lines.  相似文献   

绵麦37及其衍生小麦品种(系)的6VS/6AL易位染色体结构演变     

杜海梅  李生荣  何员江  唐宗祥  符书兰  任勇 《麦类作物学报》2019,(6):659-665

绵麦37是四川小麦育种的骨干亲本,含6VS/6AL易位染色体,高抗白粉病。为了明确6VS/6AL在其衍生品种中的传递情况,本研究利用寡核苷酸探针和ND-FISH技术对内麦8号、绵麦37的衍生品种(系)和部分相关亲本共17份材料进行了分析。结果表明,内麦8号、绵麦37及其9个衍生品种(系)都含有1对6VS/6AL易位染色体,其中内麦8号、绵麦37、绵麦51、绵麦285、绵麦1416、绵麦1419和绵麦1618的6AL长臂上带有寡核苷酸探针Oligo-713的信号,而其余4个衍生品种(系)的6VS/6AL染色体无该探针信号,说明绵麦37衍生品种(系)中的6VS/6AL染色体出现了新型结构变异。根据系谱和其他亲本的ND-FISH分析结果可以推测,这种结构变异是由6VS/6AL易位染色体与小麦6A染色体在长臂上发生重组交换引起的。  相似文献   

基于EST-PCR的簇毛麦染色体特异分子标记筛选及应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

曹亚萍  曹爱忠  王秀娥  陈佩度 《作物学报》2009,35(1):1-10

为定位、转移和利用簇毛麦有益基因, 通过花粉辐射, 获得一批包括小麦-簇毛麦易位染色体的异染色体系。为了鉴定这批材料中的簇毛麦染色体身份, 根据水稻、小麦的EST序列合成了240对STS引物, 其中34对引物在普通小麦中国春与簇毛麦间存在多态性;进一步对亲本及簇毛麦二体异附加系进行PCR扩增分析, 标记CINAU32_-300可追踪簇毛麦1V染色体, 标记CINAU33_-280、CINAU34_-510、CINAU35_-1100、CINAU36_-380和CINAU37_-400可追踪簇毛麦2V染色体, 标记CINAU38_-250可追踪簇毛麦3V染色体, 标记CINAU39_-950和CINAU40_-800可追踪簇毛麦4V染色体, 标记CINAU41_-745和CINAU42_-1050可追踪簇毛麦5V染色体, 标记CINAU44_-765和CINAU45_-495可追踪簇毛麦7V染色体。加上本室已开发的2个6V染色体特异标记, 用这些簇毛麦特异分子标记鉴定辐射诱导材料的部分回交后代, 选育出小麦背景中只包含单条簇毛麦染色体的整套1V至7V染色体系, 同时有18条易位染色体的簇毛麦身份得到确定, 表明这些标记可以用来快速检测普通小麦背景中的簇毛麦染色体或染色体片段。  相似文献   

簇毛麦1V染色体臂的EST STS标记的开发与应用     

赵万春  董剑  高翔  陈其皎  李晓燕  石引岗  陈良国 《麦类作物学报》2012,32(3):393-397

为了给小麦远缘亲本的研究和利用提供参考,根据已定位于普通小麦1DS和1BL上的EST序列设计96对STS引物,对中国春、簇毛麦、中国春-簇毛麦的1V附加系和易位系进行多态性分析,开发出4个簇毛麦1V染色体臂的STS标记。其中,BE499250-STS和BE591682-STS/RsaⅠ为共显性标记,可以扩增出1条1VS片段,同时还可以扩增出1条1DS片断,能将1DS和1AS、1BS区分开来;BE581358-STS/HaeⅢ和BE585781-STS/RsaⅠ是显性标记,能分别扩增出2条和1条1VL片段,但扩增的小麦染色体片段不能区分1DL和1A、1B。这些标记已成功地应用于小麦-簇毛麦整臂互补易位系T1DL.1V#3S和T1DSo1V.3L的筛选。  相似文献   

Development of EST-PCR Markers for the Chromosome 4V of Haynaldia villosa and Their Application in Identification of 4V Chromosome Structural Aberrants          下载免费PDF全文

ZHAO  Ren-hui WANG  Hai-yan JIA  Qi XIAO  Jin YUAN  Chun-xia ZHANG  Ya-jun HU  Qing-shan WANG  Xiu-e 《农业科学学报》2014,13(2):282-289

EST-PCR based molecular markers specific for alien chromosomes are not only useful for the detection of the introgressed alien chromatin in the wheat background, but also provide evidence of the syntenic relationship between homoeologous chromosomes. In the present study, in order to develop high density and evenly distributed molecular markers on chromosome 4V of Haynaldia villosa, a total of 607 primer pairs were designed according to the EST sequences, which were previously located in 23 different bins of wheat chromosomes 4A, 4B and 4D. By using the Triticum durum-H, villosa amphiploid and T. aestivum-H, villosa alien chromosome lines involving chromosome 4V, it was found that 9.23% of the tested primers could amplify specific bands for chromosome 4V. Thirty and twenty-six specific markers could be assigned to chromosome arms 4VS and 4VL, respectively. These 4V specific markers provided efficient tools for the characterization of structural variation involving the chromosome 4V as well as for the selection of useful genes located on chromosome 4V in breeding programs.  相似文献   

簇毛麦6V染色体短臂特异性EST标记的开发及缺失定位     

陈升位  陈佩度 《麦类作物学报》2010,30(5):789-795

为了准确鉴定簇毛麦6VS易位染色体小片段的长度和断点位置,根据定位于小麦第6部分同源群染色体短臂不同区段的EST序列,利用PRIMER5.0软件设计PCR引物,成功开发出3个对6V染色体短臂特异的分子标记(CINAU89-740、CINAU90-730、CINAU91-390)。利用小麦和簇毛麦第六部分同源群染色体短臂的12个缺失系对簇毛麦6VS的8个特异性分子标记进行了定位。标记CINAU88-381、CINAU17-1086、CINAU15-902分别被定位在FL值为0.79~0.99、0.58~1.00、0.46~0.58的染色体区段,标记CI-NAU91-390、CINAU90-730、CINAU16-1650被定位在FL值为0.35~0.45的染色体区段,标记CINAU18-723、CINAU89-740被定位在FL值为0.00~0.45的染色体区段。利用这8个分子标记可以更准确地鉴定6VS小片段易位的断点和片段长度。  相似文献   

小麦-簇毛麦6VS/6AL易位染色体在不同小麦背景中的遗传稳定性及其在配子中的传递          下载免费PDF全文

李桂萍  陈佩度  张瑞奇  王春梅  曹爱忠  张守忠 《麦类作物学报》2007,27(2):183-187322

为研究小麦-簇毛麦6VS/6AL易位染色体在不同小麦背景中的遗传稳定性及其在配子中的传递,利用高抗白粉病的普通小麦-簇毛麦6VS/ 6AL易位系92R137与不抗白粉病的栽培品种百农64、百农9310、邯5310、小偃54、淮麦20、徐麦856进行杂交,并用这些品种分别与杂种F1进行正反回交.对杂种F1花粉母细胞减数分裂中期Ⅰ的细胞学观察表明,在减数分裂中期Ⅰ易位染色体6VS/ 6AL通常以6AL与6A 染色体配对形成棒状二价体.各杂种F1高抗白粉病,位于6VS上的抗白粉病基因Pm21呈显性,在F2中有69.0%～74.0%的植株抗白粉病,接近1对显性基因遗传的理论值.由于6VS与6AS在通常情况下不发生配对交换,因此可通过白粉病抗性鉴定并结合利用6VS上的分子标记来跟踪6VS/ 6AL易位染色体的传递.测交结果表明,以F1作母本6VS/ 6AL易位染色体通过雌配子的传递率为49.2%(45.8%～54.9%);以F1作父本6VS/ 6AL易位染色体通过雄配子的传递率为44.7% (43.1%～46.8%),均接近50%的理论值.但在各组合中,6VS/ 6AL易位染色体通过雄配子的传递率均低于通过雌配子的传递率.  相似文献