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《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2004,79(2):58-63
The effects of exposure of human erythrocytes to different concentrations of Roundup Ultra 360 SL and its active compound glyphosate were studied. We studied hemolysis after 1, 5, and 24 h incubation; lipid peroxidation, hemoglobin oxidation, the level of reduced glutathione, and the activity of catalase after 1 h. Human erythrocytes were incubated with 100-1500 ppm (100 μg/ml erythrocytes at 5% hematocrite) Roundup Ultra 360 SL and glyphosate. We have found that after 1 h of incubation only Roundup Ultra 360 SL increased the level of methemoglobin, products of lipid peroxidation at 500 ppm and hemolysis at 1500 ppm [Curr. Top. Biophys. 26 (2002) 245], while its active compound glyphosate increased the level of methemoglobin and the level of lipid peroxidation at much higher dose—1000 ppm. At the same time hemolysis was observed to only at the highest dose of glyphosate (1500 ppm) and the longest time of incubation (24 h). Both Roundup Ultra 360 SL and glyphosate did not cause statistically significant changes in the level of GSH, but increased the activity of catalase. Roundup Ultra 360 SL provokes more changes in the function of erythrocytes than its active substance glyphosate, which is probably a result of the properties of additives. Taking into account the limited accumulation of Roundup Ultra 360 SL and glyphosate in the organism as well as the fact that the threshold doses which caused changes in erythrocytes for Roundup Ultra 360 SL were only 500 and 1000 ppm for glyphosate, one may conclude that this pesticide is safe towards human erythrocytes. 相似文献
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采用农达防除休闲耕地杂草,结果表明:41%农达对苣荬菜的适用剂量(有效量)以3000mlhm-2为宜;野胡萝卜为1125mlhm-2,西伯利亚蓼为2250mlhm-2;旱雀麦等一年生杂草为1500mlhm-2,在杂草株高5~10cm时茎叶喷雾,防效可达80%~90%以上。 相似文献
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采用农民乐防除休闲地杂草,结果表明,74.7%农民乐对苣荬菜的防除适宜剂量为1 500g.hm-2;对野胡萝卜为750—1 050g.hm-2;赖草、硬枝早熟禾为2 250g.hm-2;对西伯利亚蓼、三脉紫菀、茵陈蒿为3 000g.hm-2。 相似文献
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A randomized complete block field trial was conducted over 2 years to evaluate the herbicidal efficacy of glyphosate isopropylamine salt (Roundup®) applied singly at 1.41 kg a.e. ha−1 or in combination with ammonium sulphate (AMS) as surfactant at 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0% (wt/v) in a 5-year old oil palm plantation of the Federal University of Technology, Akure located in the rainforest vegetation zone of Nigeria. Assessment of herbicidal efficacy based on the Henderson-Tilton formula indicated that glyphosate applied singly or in combination with varying concentrations of AMS proved highly effective in controlling most of the grasses and broadleaved weeds prevalent in the experimental plots. Herbicidal efficacy on total weed density, weed fresh weight as well as on weed dry weight was found to increase in the order of increasing concentration of AMS. Regressing percentage herbicidal efficacy (Y) against increasing concentration levels of AMS (X) indicated significant (P0.001) positive relationships with an average correlation coefficient (r) of +0.95 in both years. These results confirm the potential of AMS as an effective surfactant that can be exploited in glyphosate-based weed management schemes in the sub-humid tropical environment. 相似文献
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Roundup Ready大豆外源基因在食品加工过程中的降解变化 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
采用定性PER检测技术，通过分析豆腐、豆奶、豆粉3种大豆加工食品中磨浆、煮浆、调配、均质、杀菌、喷雾干燥等关键工艺对Roundup Ready大豆外源基因EPSPS的影响，揭示外源基因在不同加工过程中降解程度的变化规律。研究结果表明，外源基因EPSPS在3种大豆加工食品的各个工艺过程中均会受到不同程度的破坏和影响。在豆腐、豆奶、豆粉的加工过程中，片段大小为1512bp及807bp的外源基因仅能在原料中检测到；当原料经过磨浆后，EPSPS基因的片段大小骤然降至800bp以下；点浆、加热等工艺又使得外源基因继续降解至400bp左右；随着挤压成型、高温杀菌及喷雾干燥工艺的完成，3种大豆终产品中目的基因片段大小仅为190bp左右。 相似文献
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第二代抗草甘膦大豆PCR检测方法研究 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
为建立转基因大豆Roundup RReady2Yield"(RR2Y)转化体特异性定性PCR检测方法,以lectin基因作为内参照基因,根据RR2Y外源插入片段5'端与植物基因组连接区序列设计特异性引物,从RR2Y中特异性地扩增出223bp的预期产物.对该方法进行重现性、特异性、灵敏度、稳定性和可重复性测试,结果显示:陔方法能够特异性检测出RR2Y转化体;将100%RR2Y基因组DNA用A3244基因组DNA进行梯度稀释,以100 ng DNA为模板,该方法的检测灵敏度达到0.05%,约为40个起始模板拷贝;以RR2Y DNA含量为10%、1%、0.1%的样品为模板,进行稳定性和可重复性,假阴性率为0.结果表明:此方法适用于RR2Y的转化体特异性定性PCR检测. 相似文献
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Fayez A. Barky Hala A. AbdelsalamMomeana B. Mahmoud Salwa A.H. Hamdi 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2012,104(1):9-18
The excessive use of pesticides in agriculture has sparkled the interest of scientists in investigating the harmful effects of these compounds. The present study evaluates the pesticides Atrazine and Roundup (glyphosate) on biochemical and molecular aspects of Biomphalaria alexandrina snails. The results showed that LC10 of these two pesticides caused considerable reduction in survival rates and egg production of treated snails. Additionally, Atrazine proved to be more toxic to B. alexandrina snails than Roundup. In treated snails, glucose concentration (GL) in the hemolymph as well as lactate (LT) and free amino acid (FAA) in soft tissues of treated snails increased while glycogen (GN), pyruvate (PV), total protein (TP), nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) levels in snail’s tissues decreased. The activities of glycogen phosphorylase (GP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione reductase (GR), succinic dehydrogenase (SDH), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) and phosphatases (ACP and ALP) enzymes in homogenate of snail’s tissues were reduced in response to the treatment with the two pesticides while lipid peroxide (LP) and transaminases (GOT and GPT) activity increased (P < 0.001). The changes in the number, position and intensity of DNA bands induced by pesticides may be attributed to the fact that pesticide can induce genotoxicity through DNA damage. It was concluded that the pollution of the aquatic environment by Atrazine and Roundup pesticides, would adversely affect the metabolism of the B. alexandrina snails, and have adverse effects on its reproduction. 相似文献
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三重巢式PCR技术检测抗草甘膦转基因大豆深加工产品 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
实验以7种具有代表性的含有大豆成分的深加工产品(卵磷脂、大豆蛋白质粉、巧克力饮品、婴儿米粉、大豆粗油、大豆精炼油和大豆色拉油)作为样品进行定性检测，第一轮三重PCR均未能扩增出任何大豆成分，其灵敏度为0.5％。第二轮三重PCR可以扩增出除大豆精炼油和色拉油以外的所有深加工产品的内源基因Lectin、35S-CTP和EPSPS-NOS基因，其检测灵敏度达到0.005％，结果提示三重巢式PCR检测方法适用于大豆深加工产品的定性检测。 相似文献