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Captive starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) and house sparrows (Passer domesticus) were given choices between untreated turkey crumbs, and similar food treated with one of five chemical repellents (quinine sulphate, methiocarb, dinol sulphite, TS-69 and tannic acid), with or without the addition of a blue dye. All birds avoided the treated food to about the same extent, although starlings showed greater aversion to tannic acid when it was coloured. Sparrows developed aversions to tannic acid and TS-69 more quickly if the food was coloured than if it were not. Birds of both species avoided the blue-colured food even when it was not paired with a repellent; this prevented measurements of the persistence of colour aversions once the repellents were omitted. The implications of these results are discussed in relation to the use of added colour cues to enhance the effects of chemical repellents to protect crops from bird pests. 相似文献
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R. W. Summers 《Crop Protection》1989,8(6):451-454
One hundred and fifty-six pre-roost gatherings of starlings were observed at 28 sites around a roost in west Norfolk during winter. Pre-roost gatherings occurred more frequently at individual farmyards compared with individual fields, but 82% of the sites where gatherings occurred were on fields. The size of gatherings was greater, the closer to the roost. Birds in pre-roost gatherings on fields of autumn-sown winter wheat spent most of the time feeding and had a diet composed almost exclusively of wheat seeds. Birds in gatherings on grass fields also fed intensively whereas only 31% of birds at farmyards were feeding. The implications that these results have with regard to potential damage to fields of winter wheat and around farmyards are discussed. 相似文献
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