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Oats are a good source of many vitamins and minerals, including compounds that collectively constitute vitamin E, the tocols. Tocols are comprised of two subgroups, tocopherols and tocotrienols. Due to their potent antioxidant properties, attention has been given to the health benefits of tocols in oats. However, little is known about developmental aspects of their accumulation. Moreover, aside from their role in protecting membranes from oxidative damage, their possible physiological roles in planta have largely gone uninvestigated. In this study, we quantified tocol accumulation at five time points during oat seed development, and also compared tocol concentration and composition in the whole seed both to endosperm and embryos at a late stage of seed development. The temporal pattern of accumulation of the tocol subgroups was different. Both tocotrienols and tocopherols steadily increased over the course of seed development; however, tocotrienol progression was sigmoidal and tocopherol linear. By the end of seed development, tocotrienols were the most abundant tocol both in whole seed and in seed with embryos removed. In contrast, embryos contained higher concentrations of tocopherols than tocotrienols late in seed development. Differences in both temporal and spatial distribution during seed development suggest distinct roles for tocotrienols and tocopherols. 相似文献
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Carotenoids and tocols of 20 genotypes of colored barley divided into three groups (A, B, C) were investigated. These included 16 F8 recombinant inbred lines obtained from crosses of four parental lines: 2005 FG, K4-31, L94 and Priora. The aim of the present study was to identify, quantify and profile characterize of tocols and carotenoids. Tocols profile is characterized by the prevalence of tocotrienols on tocopherols. The α-tocotrienol was the most represented tocol isomer, contributing about 53.03% of the total content. The highest α-tocotrienol content (33.67 μg g-1) was found in the blue naked parental genotype 3007 (C-Group). The most abundant carotenoid was lutein on average 86% of total followed by zeaxanthin 10% and by α-carotene 3.40%. The Priora cultivar (C-Group) was the genotype with the highest lutein content (4.10 μg g-1). The study found great variability in the content of carotenoids and tocols along the lines of each group. 相似文献
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Ehrenbergerová J Belcrediová N Prýma J Vaculová K Newman CW 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2006,61(3):145-150
In a three-year period (2000–2002) total tocols (tocopherols and tocotrienols), content of vitamin E and its isomers (α-, β+γ-, δ-tocopherols and tocotrienols) were assessed in grain of 13 barley genotypes. The highest content of tocols (60.3–67.6 mg kg−1) and content of vitamin E (Vitamin E equivalent—18.0–20.1 mg kg−1) were determined in the waxy varieties Wanubet, Wabet, and Washonubet. Standard varieties, i.e. of a malting type (Krona and Kompakt), had statistically significantly lower content of tocols (49.9 and 53.6 mg kg−1) and vitamin E (15.7–16.1 mg kg−1) compared to the waxy varieties. The hulless waxy variety Washonubet had statistically significantly higher total content of tocols (67.6 mg kg−1) and α- tocotrienols isomer (42.1 mg kg−1) versus all other genotypes in the set. Chemical treatment and fertilization statistically significantly increased the content of tocols (by 4.7 mg kg−1), vitamin E (by 1.9 mg kg−1), isomer α-tocopherol (by 0.9 mg kg−1) and isomer α- tocotrienols (by 3.3 mg kg−1). The average values of α-tocopherols and α-tocotrienols in the set were 6.7 mg kg−1 and 29.7 mg kg−1, respectively. Some of the reciprocal lines created by us from the malting and waxy varieties are suitable for food use for high contents of all tocopherols and α-tocotrienols. 相似文献
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Pablo A. Corzo-ValladaresJosé M. Fernández-Martínez Leonardo Velasco 《Industrial Crops and Products》2012,36(1):304-307
Physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) is a promising seed oil source for biodiesel production. Natural antioxidants play a major role in maintaining oxidative stability of oils and they also have important food and industrial applications. Among them, tocochromanols are the most abundant in seeds. The objective of this research was to evaluate the variation for tocochromanol content and profile in a germplasm collection of 52 accessions of J. curcas. Seeds collected in two different periods, August and November of 2009, were analysed for tocochromanol content. Additionally, the dynamics of tocochromanol accumulation in developing seeds was studied. Total seed tocochromanol content averaged 307.2 mg kg−1 in August and 303.7 mg kg−1 in November, whereas total oil tocochromanol content averaged 507.4 mg kg−1 in August and 500.8 mg kg−1 in November. The tocochromanol fraction was made up of 15.4% gamma-tocopherol, 83.8% gamma-tocotrienol, and 0.8% delta-tocotrienol in August and 18.0% gamma-tocopherol, 80.4% gamma-tocotrienol, and 1.6% delta-tocotrienol in November. Genotype × environment effects were identified for tocochromanol content but not for the proportion of major tocochromanol homologues, which showed a high positive correlation between both environments. Developing seeds contained primarily alpha-tocopherol and gamma-tocopherol at early stages of development, with gamma-tocotrienol and delta-tocotrienol being practically undetectable. Gamma-tocotrienol content remained practically undetectable till 66 DAP and then increased pronouncedly to final levels of 177.1 mg kg−1 (74.8% of the total tocochromanol content). The powerful antioxidant and health-promoting properties of gamma-tocotrienol encourages further studies on selection for the tocopherol/tocotrienol ratio in Jatropha and on the potential of tocochromanols as high added-value products derived from Jatropha seed oil production. 相似文献
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不同基因型大麦品种大麦油及其母育酚含量的变异规律 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了探讨不同基因型大麦品种大麦油及其母育酚含量的变异规律,采用超临界萃取法及HPLC法提取并测定了30个大麦品种的大麦油及其母育酚含量和成分.结果表明,大麦油含量存在显著的基因型和环境效应(P＜0.05),裸大麦的大麦油含量(平均为4.16%)高于皮大麦(平均为2.96%),蜡质裸麦品种(Sumire mochi)含量最高(6.15%).与去皮籽粒相比,全麦的大麦油含量较高;与麦芽相比,制啤后的大麦原料仍有较高的母育酚含量.大麦油的母育酚组成成分主要为α-生育酚(占总生育酚的65.4%)和α-生育三烯酚(占总生育三烯酚的70.7%).试验表明,大麦油及其母育酚含量既受基因型的控制,又受生长环境条件的影响;大麦种皮部分可能是大麦油的主要储存组织之一,制啤后的大麦原料有可能作为母育酚提取的资源加以利用,从而提高大麦的附加值. 相似文献
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