Parasitoid community of the loreyi leaf wormMythimna (Acantholeucania) loreyi: Novel host-parasitoid associations and their efficiency in the eastern mediterranean region of Turkey     

Erdal Sertkaya  Ahmet Bayram 《Phytoparasitica》2005,33(5):441-449

The loreyi leaf worm,Mythimna (Acantholeucania) loreyi Duponchel (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae), is a pest of gramineous crops and causes significant economic damage to maize. In field surveys on maize to determine the parasitoid community and its impact on the pest in the eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey, nine parasitoid species were found associated with immature stages ofM. loreyi: The hymenopteran (Braconidae and Ichneumonidae) parasitoidsCotesia (=Apanteles) ruficrus (Haliday),Chelonus oculator Panzer,Meteorus ictericus Nees,Hyposoter didymator (Thunberg),Sinophorus sp.; and the dipteran (Tachinidae) parasitoidsPseudogonia rufifrons Wiedeman,Exorista rossica Mesnil,Gonia picea (Robineau-Desvoidy) andLinnaemya vulpina (Fallen) — the last three recorded for the first time as parasitoids ofM. loreyi in Turkey.C. ruficrus was the dominant parasitoid species, being recovered from 38.5% of the larvae collected and was also the most prevalent species, existing in 91.0% of the fields in whichM. loreyi was found. Total parasitism levels achieved by braconid species was 41.4%, by ichneumonid parasitoids 4.8%, and by tachinid parasitoids 1.9%. In a separate field experiment, seasonal population fluctuations and natural efficiency ofC. ruficrus onM. loreyi were found to be 35.1% and 42.4%, respectively. Population levels ofC. ruficrus were closely related to fluctuations in the population ofM. loreyi, with parasitism ranging between 0 and 77.3% during the study. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Aug. 28, 2005.  相似文献   

Feeding preference and intraguild interactions between the parasitoid Trichogramma achaeae and the predator Macrolophus pygmaeus,two biological agents of Tuta absoluta     

Isabel Borges  Luisa Oliveira  Ana Durão  Patricia Arruda  António O. Soares 《Pest management science》2023,79(11):4376-4382

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Sublethal effects of nine insecticides on Drosophila suzukii and its major pupal parasitoid Trichopria drosophilae     

Fabrizio Lisi  Ramzi Mansour  Carmelo Cavallaro  Tuğcan Alınç  Emanuele Porcu  Michele Ricupero  Lucia Zappalà  Nicolas Desneux  Antonio Biondi 《Pest management science》2023,79(12):5003-5014

Background

Although the pupal parasitoid Trichopria drosophilae is used in conservative and augmentative biocontrol of Drosophila suzukii infestations, current pest management strategies mostly rely on multiple insecticide applications. In this context, the aim of the study was to investigate the baseline toxicity of nine insecticides on D. suzukii larvae and their multiple sublethal effects (LC₁₀) on immature stages of the pest feeding on contaminated diet and T. drosophilae developing within the intoxicated host.

Results

Chlorpyriphos and azadirachtin showed the lowest and the highest LC₁₀, the values of which were 9.78 × 10¹³ and 1.46 × 10³ times lower than their recommended label field rate, respectively. Among tested insecticides, imidacloprid, malathion and dimethoate were the only treatments that did not affect the juvenile development time of D. suzukii, while spinosad and the organophosphates chlorpyriphos and dimethoate did not influence fly pupal size. No sublethal effects were recorded on T. drosophilae degree of infestation (DI) and juvenile development time. On the contrary, cyazypyr and dimethoate negatively affected the success of parasitism (SP) and the number of progeny of the pupal parasitoid, in association with malathion for the first parameter and spinosad for the fertility. Compared to the untreated control, more female progeny emerged following azadirachtin exposure, while dimethoate caused the opposite effect. Imidacloprid, lambda-cyhalothrin and spinetoram decreased hind tibia length of emerged parasitoids.

Conclusion

This study provides new insights on the (eco)toxicological profile of nine insecticides and new information needed to support the deployment of T. drosophilae in the field within the sustainable management techniques against D. suzukii. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.  相似文献   

Potential effects of RNA interference of Asian longhorned beetle on its parasitoid     

Xingeng Wang  Jessica Faucher  Ramesh Kumar Dhandapani  Jian J. Duan  Subba Reddy Palli 《Pest management science》2023,79(4):1557-1565

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贵州省黔东南地区草地贪夜蛾寄生性天敌资源调查初报   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张柱亭  秦绍钊  李静  王迎  孙漩  董辉  刘金文  宋新元 《植物保护》2019,45(6):65-69

草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda(J. E. Smith)于2019年5月入侵贵州黔东南地区,严重威胁当地农业生态。黔东南地区丰富的生物资源是挖掘草地贪夜蛾自然天敌的重要基础。为明确黔东南地区草地贪夜蛾天敌的发生情况,2019年5月至7月,采用五点取样法对选取的3个地点开展调查。结果表明,草地贪夜蛾在黔东南地区的主要寄生性天敌有5类,分别为白僵菌属、绿僵菌属、茧蜂科、姬蜂科和黑卵蜂属昆虫,寄生率最高分别为45.50%、57.00%、3.00%、20.00%和12.50%,寄生草地贪夜蛾幼虫期4种天敌综合控制力最高达96.50%。本研究可为草地贪夜蛾天敌资源挖掘与利用提供重要参考。  相似文献   

星天牛生物防治研究进展          下载免费PDF全文

张宇凡  王小艺 《中国生物防治学报》2019,35(1):134-145

星天牛Anoplophora chinensis Forster为亚洲本土的林木钻蛀性害虫,近年来已入侵到一些欧洲国家,被列为重要的国际检疫对象。本文综述了国内外有关星天牛的自然天敌种类及其人工利用的研究进展。我国古代曾用黄猄蚁Oecophylla smaragdina Fabricius防治危害柑橘树的星天牛,近年来开展了野外释放天敌昆虫花绒寄甲Dastarcus helophoroides Fairmaire成虫和卵卡防治星天牛的实践,都取得了较好的防治效果。川硬皮肿腿蜂Sclerodermus sichuanensis Xiao对星天牛低龄幼虫具有一定的控制作用,天牛卵长尾啮小蜂Aprostocetus fukutai Miwa&Sonan显示出了良好的生物防治利用前景,在意大利对星天牛的卵寄生率最高达72%。一些欧洲本地拟寄生蜂种类,如柄腹茧蜂Spathius erythrocephalus Wesmael也可寄生入侵当地的星天牛自然种群。此外,利用昆虫病原微生物控制星天牛,也具有较好的防治前景,如用布氏白僵菌Beauveria brongniartii Petch制成的无纺布菌条已经在日本开发成为一种商品,真菌侵染可引起天牛高致死率。昆虫病原线虫夜蛾斯氏线虫Steinernema feltiae Filipjev和小卷蛾斯氏线虫S.carpocapsae Weiser也具有作为生物杀虫剂用于控制星天牛幼虫的开发前景。本文还讨论了目前星天牛生物防治中存在的不足及其原因,展望了今后研究的重点和方向。  相似文献   

Relevance of the ecological traits of parasitoid wasps and nectariferous plants for conservation biological control: a hybrid meta‐analysis     

Pingyang Zhu  Xusong Zheng  Gang Xie  Guihua Chen  Zhongxian Lu  Geoff Gurr 《Pest management science》2020,76(5):1881-1892

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夜蛾黑卵蜂雌雄蜂鉴别方法及雌蜂寄生草地贪夜蛾卵的行为特征     

杨帅 #  张龙喜 #  赵旭  霍梁宵  周金成  董辉 《植物保护》2020,46(1):55-58

夜蛾黑卵蜂Telenomus remus被认为是草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda卵期的高效寄生蜂。明确夜蛾黑卵蜂基本生物学特征将为其繁育及应用提供重要参考。本研究对雌、雄蜂外部形态及雌蜂寄生行为进行了观察。结果显示,1、除雌蜂产卵器和雄蜂外生殖器等第一性征外,夜蛾黑卵蜂雌、雄蜂个体还具备一些典型的第二性征,可通过触角环节数量、触角棒节和柄节形态以及足和触角的颜色进行区分。2、在同一卵块上,雄蜂先于雌蜂羽化,并撕咬寄主卵壳协助雌蜂羽化;雌蜂羽化后雄蜂会立即求偶并与其交配。3、夜蛾黑卵蜂雌蜂通过利用寄主卵表鳞毛空隙、主动清理鳞毛和移动表层卵粒3种行为策略实现对大部分草地贪夜蛾卵的寄生。本研究建立了夜蛾黑卵蜂雌、雄蜂的鉴别方法,并明确了雌蜂应对夜蛾黑卵蜂卵表结构防御的行为策略。  相似文献   

转Bt基因棉对棉田寄生物非亲和效应的研究     

余月书  杨益众  任璐  邵益栋  钱坤 《扬州大学学报(农业与生命科学版)》2004,25(2):65-67

采用分期接虫和分期回收的方法，研究常规棉与转基因棉品种棉铃虫寄生性天敌在不同棉花品种间的寄生作用。结果表明：棉铃虫第2～4代发生期以及卵期和幼虫期，转基因棉品种的棉铃虫卵、幼虫寄生率均显著低于常规棉品种。棉铃虫卵期的寄生蜂主要为拟澳洲赤眼蜂(Tricogramma confisum)，幼虫寄生蜂为棉铃虫齿唇姬蜂(Compoletis chlorideae)等。由此可见转基因棉对棉铃虫寄生性天敌存在非亲和效应。通过对转Bt基因棉国抗22及其亲本泗棉3号棉铃虫不同世代间卵、幼虫寄生率的纵向比较，发现同一品种棉花上不同世代间棉铃虫卵寄生率差异不显著，而幼虫寄生率差异显著。  相似文献   

海南岛冬种豇豆发生为害的斑潜蝇及其寄生蜂种类     

王仁俊  蔡笃程  李加慧 《热带生物学报》2017,8(3)

斑潜蝇类是海南岛豇豆Vigna sesquipedalis的常见害虫,寄生蜂是其重要的自然天敌。为更好地保护利用天敌资源,充分发挥其在斑潜蝇绿色防控中的效能,笔者对海南省海口、琼海、儋州和三亚4个市县为害冬种豇豆的斑潜蝇及其寄生蜂的种类、寄生情况进行了田间调查。调查结果表明:为害海南岛冬种豇豆的斑潜蝇为三叶斑潜蝇Liriomyza trifolii(Burgess)和美洲斑潜蝇L.sativae Blanchard,两者的相对丰盛度分别为79.5%和20.5%;两种斑潜蝇混合发生,优势种群则因地而异:在海口和三亚是三叶斑潜蝇,在琼海和儋州则为美洲斑潜蝇;两种斑潜蝇的寄生蜂有5种,其中属茧蜂科的有甘蓝潜蝇茧蜂Opius dimidiatus(Ashmead),属姬小蜂科的有底比斯釉姬小蜂Chrysocharis pentheus(Walker)、异角亨姬小蜂Hemiptarsenus varicornis(Girault)、芙新姬小蜂Neochrysocharis formosa(Westwood)和点腹青背姬小蜂N.punctiventris(Crawford),甘蓝潜蝇茧蜂和异角亨姬小蜂的相对丰盛度分别为51.8%和29.2%,是其中的优势种;寄生蜂对斑潜蝇的寄生率也因地而异,从高到低依次为:琼海51.4%、三亚45.4%、儋州17.0%、海口10.5%。海南岛冬种豇豆上斑潜蝇寄生蜂种类资源丰富、自然寄生率高,对寄生蜂应加以保护利用,充分发挥其控制斑潜蝇的效能。  相似文献