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从凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)养殖水体中分离出具有高效氨氮及亚硝态氮去除功能的菌株Y2,生理生化和16SrRNA基因序列比对分析结果显示该菌株为麦氏交替单胞菌(Alteromonas macleodii)。进一步通过生长实验进行温度、酸碱度、盐度的培养条件优化,利用抗生素药敏实验筛选菌株特定抗性;通过卤虫浸泡感染的方法检测麦氏交替单胞菌Y2的安全性,并测定海水培养液OD_(600)及含氮无机污染物的浓度,探究菌株Y2生长与水体中氨氮、亚硝态氮、硝态氮之间的动态变化关系;通过28d对虾养殖试验,监测水质、生物絮团形成量、致病菌数量及对虾成活率生长速率,进一步阐明菌株在实际养殖中的功效。结果表明,该菌株Y2对苯唑西林、克林霉素有抗性;对卤虫的48 h半致死浓度高于1.9×10~8 cfu/mL,显著高于哈氏弧菌(10~2 cfu/mL)。此外,该菌具有持续去除水体中氨氮、亚硝态氮的功能。在养殖实验中能抑制潜在病原菌弧菌生长、提高对虾存活率及生长率,并且能在水体中稳定存活较长时间。综上所述,菌株Y2是养殖用益生菌制剂的优良备选菌株,可作为生物絮团养殖系统中调节水质的关键菌株。 相似文献
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Aditya Kesarcodi‐Watson Philippe Miner Jean‐Louis Nicolas Katia Asmani Rene Robert 《Aquaculture Research》2016,47(4):1221-1230
During a series of experiments, bacteriological elements in scallop larval rearing were investigated: larvae susceptibility to pathogens as a function of their age, and the use of probiotic bacteria during larviculture. Younger larvae (d5 PF) were highly more susceptible to pathogenic‐challenge than their older siblings, which were challenged at an older age (d15 PF). A challenge with 104 CFU mL?1 of V. pectenicida killed 100% of d5 PF larvae 7 days following challenge, yet killed only 9% of d15 PF larvae 9 days following challenge. Use of the probiotics Phaeobacter gallaeciensis, Alteromonas macleodii 0444 and Neptunomonas sp. 0536, provided for larger larvae, a high yield of competent larvae and, perhaps more importantly, protection against pathogen‐challenge similar to levels achieved from antibiotic use. When challenged with V. pectenicida, d29 survivals were 20.3%, 85.1% and 75.0% respectively for control (no probiotic), antibiotic treated, and ‘probiotic mix’ administered larvae. Use of potential probiotic Pseudoalteromonas sp. D41 appeared to hinder scallop larvae. Future use of probiotics in scallop larval rearing would benefit from combined use of P. gallaeciensis, A. macleodii 0444 and Neptunomonas sp. 0536. 相似文献
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Patrícia Concrdio-Reis Vítor D. Alves Xavier Moppert Jean Guzennec Filomena Freitas Maria A. M. Reis 《Marine drugs》2021,19(9)
Marine environments comprise almost three quarters of Earth’s surface, representing the largest ecosystem of our planet. The vast ecological and metabolic diversity found in marine microorganisms suggest that these marine resources have a huge potential as sources of novel commercially appealing biomolecules, such as exopolysaccharides (EPS). Six Alteromonas strains from different marine environments in French Polynesia atolls were selected for EPS extraction. All the EPS were heteropolysaccharides composed of different monomers, including neutral monosaccharides (glucose, galactose, and mannose, rhamnose and fucose), and uronic acids (glucuronic acid and galacturonic acid), which accounted for up to 45.5 mol% of the EPS compositions. Non-carbohydrate substituents, such as acetyl (0.5–2.1 wt%), pyruvyl (0.2–4.9 wt%), succinyl (1–1.8 wt%), and sulfate (1.98–3.43 wt%); and few peptides (1.72–6.77 wt%) were also detected. Thermal analysis demonstrated that the EPS had a degradation temperature above 260 °C, and high char yields (32–53%). Studies on EPS functional properties revealed that they produce viscous aqueous solutions with a shear thinning behavior and could form strong gels in two distinct ways: by the addition of Fe2+, or in the presence of Mg2+, Cu2+, or Ca2+ under alkaline conditions. Thus, these EPS could be versatile materials for different applications. 相似文献
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The alginate lyases have unique advantages in the preparation of alginate oligosaccharides and processing of brown algae. Herein, a gene alg2951 encoding a PL7 family alginate lyase with exo/endo-type activity was cloned from a novel marine bacterium Alteromonas portus HB161718T and then expressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinant Alg2951 in the culture supernatant reached the activity of 63.6 U/mL, with a molecular weight of approximate 60 kDa. Alg2951 exhibited the maximum activity at 25 °C and pH 8.0, was relatively stable at temperatures lower than 30 °C, and showed a special preference to poly-guluronic acid (polyG) as well. Both NaCl and KCl had the most promotion effect on the enzyme activity of Alg2951 at 0.2 M, increasing by 21.6 and 19.1 times, respectively. The TCL (Thin Layer Chromatography) and ESI-MS (Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry) analyses suggested that Alg2951 could catalyze the hydrolysis of sodium alginate to produce monosaccharides and trisaccharides. Furthermore, the enzymatic hydrolysates displayed good antioxidant activity by assays of the scavenging abilities towards radicals (hydroxyl and ABTS+) and the reducing power. Due to its cold-adapted and dual exo/endo-type properties, Alg2951 can be a potential enzymatic tool for industrial production. 相似文献
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