海岛棉综合性状数据库的研制及应用     

由宝昌  梅拥军 《塔里木大学学报》1994,6(2):1-6

本文详细介绍了300份海岛棉种质材料的30个性状记录所建立的综合性状数据库系统的数据来源,软件设计思想,系统功能和特点,数据库管理和统计分析两个子系统间的通讯。该系统的研制对海岛棉种质资源的加工利用和育种工作提供了大量重要信息。  相似文献   

Determining spatial feed distribution in sea cage aquaculture using an aerial camera platform     

《Aquacultural Engineering》2019

Within this paper we describe an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) based method to estimate the spatial feed pellet distribution in salmon fish-cages and exploit it within a case study to determine the radial pellet distribution for different rotor spreaders and blower configurations. Compared to previously used methods, capturing pellets thrown from a rotary feed spreader in rows of Styrofoam boxes, the UAV based method is simpler and faster to setup and allows to cover a larger portion of the sea cage surface area. We compare results obtained with the Styrofoam box method with results we obtained by an automatic analysis of aerial videos taken by the UAV during feeding experiments. The employed method helps to gain insight into the spatial feed pellet distribution in full-scale salmon fish-cages where the feeding pipe and actual fixation of the spreader may influence the dynamic behaviour of the feeding system. This can also be seen as a step towards a continuous measuring of the feed pellet distribution, particularly in view of possible future feeding systems that may allow to adapt the feed pellet distribution to the actual fish distribution.  相似文献   

Detection and classification of Lepeophterius salmonis (Krøyer, 1837) using underwater hyperspectral imaging     

《Aquacultural Engineering》2019

Salmon louse, or sea lice, (Lepoptherius salmonis) represents practical, economical and fish welfare challenges for salmon farming (Hamre et al., 2013) and for the free-living stocks of salmon. There is an urgent need in the industry for a system that provides reliable numbers of louse on farmed salmon. Underwater hyperspectral imaging represents a potential new technique for louse counting in sea cages. In laboratory studies, the UHI technology could detect and classify pre-adults (pre-adult I and II), adult males and adult females (ovigerous) of sea lice based on the difference in their spectral characteristics. A model was built for detection of lice on the salmon and the UHI had a detection success ranging from 67 to 100 % with an average of 82%. A classification of the detected lice was performed for pre-adults, adult males and ovigerous lice and had a prediction accuracy of 85% when lice were divided into three groups (pre-adults, adult male and ovigerous lice) and 93% when lice were divided in two groups, ovigerous lice and all the other mobile lice (pre-adults and adult male). An automatic procedure for in situ measurements of louse infected salmon could deliver a data basis several times higher than the traditional counting system. The next generation of UHI louse detector should be developed with a higher spatial resolution to be able to detect also the sessile stages of lice. For succeeding with in situ classification of L. salmonis, correction algorithms to compensate for the impact of water between the UHI and lice need also to be developed.  相似文献   

南海资源开发战略的国际经验比较与借鉴     

吴杰  符振峰  宁凌 《河北渔业》2015,(8)

众所周知,21世纪是海洋的世纪,发展海洋经济将成为世界各国的重要战略目标之一。南海作为中国海域面积最大、资源最丰富的外海,也将成为我国打造海洋强国战略目标的核心海域。而因其独特的区位因素和丰富的油气资源,引起了东南亚沿岸各国间的相互争夺,从而形成了"六国七方"的混乱局面。本文从主权争议,岛屿归属,南海资源开发(渔业资源开发,油气开采)等方面出发,研究我国南海资源开发过程中所面临的具体问题,并借鉴美、英、日、韩等国经验,寻求一种综合性解决南海资源开发的办法。  相似文献   

From regionally predictable to locally complex population structure in a freshwater top predator: river systems are not always the unit of connectivity in Northern Pike Esox lucius          下载免费PDF全文

Dorte Bekkevold  Lene Jacobsen  Jakob Hemmer‐Hansen  Søren Berg  Christian Skov 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2015,24(2):305-316

Contemporary genetic diversity is the product of both historical and contemporary forces, such as climatic and geological processes affecting range distribution and continuously moulded by evolutionary forces selection, gene flow and genetic drift. Predatory freshwater fishes, such as Northern Pike Esox lucius, commonly exhibit small population sizes, and several local populations are considered endangered. Pike inhabit diverse habitat types, including lakes, rivers and brackish marine waters, thus spanning from small isolated patches to large open marine systems. However, pike population structure from local to regional scales is relatively poorly described, in spite of its significance to developing conservation measures. We analysed microsatellite variation in a total of 1185 North European pike from 46 samples collected across both local and regional scales, as well as over time, to address two overarching questions: Is pike population structure associated with local and/or regional connectivity patterns, and which factors likely have the main influence on the contemporary distribution of genetic diversity? To answer this, we combined estimators of population diversity and structure to assess evidence of whether populations within (i) habitats, (ii) drainage systems and (iii) geographical regions are closer related than among these ranges, and whether patterns are temporally stable. Contrasting previous predictions that genetic drift obscures signals of postglacial colonisation history, we identified clear regional differences in population genetic signatures, suggesting a major effect of drainage divides on colonisation history and connectivity. However, several populations deviated from the general pattern, showing that local processes may be complex and need to be examined case‐by‐case.  相似文献   

刺参生殖腺发育的生物学零度和有效积温研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李爽  李耕  潘玉洲  张力  李忠红  林中乔  孙博  李恒德  蒋丽 《安徽农业科学》2016,(1):81-82

[目的]为刺参的繁殖以及工厂化人工育苗提供理论基础。[方法]以渤海湾地区刺参为试验材料,研究渤海湾地区刺参生殖腺发育生物学零度及其性成熟的有效积温。[结果]渤海湾地区刺参生殖腺发育的生物学零度为6.14℃,而有效积温为800.19℃·d。[结论]该研究在渤海湾地区刺参育苗生产中具有重要的参考价值。  相似文献   

A pioneering survey of deep-diving and off-shore cetaceans in the northern South China Sea     

Mingli LIN  Mingming LIU  Francesco CARUSO  Massimiliano ROSSO  Xiaoming TANG  Lijun DONG  Wenzhi LIN  Anna BORRONI  Alessandro BOCCONCELLI  Liang DAI  Songhai LI 《Integrative zoology》2021,16(4):440-450

A pioneering boat-based survey was conducted in 2019, to gather baseline information regarding the presence, composition, relative abundance, and spatial distribution of deep-diving and off-shore cetaceans in the northern South China Sea (SCS). A total of 27 sightings comprising at least 8 cetacean species were recorded during the 13-day survey, including 5 deep-diving species (i.e. Risso's dolphin [Grampus griseus], short-finned pilot whale [Globicephala macrorhynchus], sperm whale [Physeter macrocephalus], Cuvier's beaked whale [Ziphius cavirostris], and an unidentified beaked whale [either the ginkgo-toothed beaked whale, Mesoplodon ginkgodens, or Deraniyagala's beaked whale, Mesoplodon hotaula]), as well as 3 off-shore dolphins (i.e. pantropical spotted dolphin [Stenella attenuate], striped dolphin [Stenella coeruleoalba], and Fraser's dolphin [Lagenodelphis hosei]). With the exception of pantropical spotted dolphins, all other species were sighted and recorded at sea in the northern SCS for the first time. The pantropical spotted dolphin was the most frequently sighted species, comprising 30% of the total sightings. Deep-diving cetaceans were mainly sighted in the northern Xisha Archipelago, whereas off-shore dolphins were distributed across the survey area. The pantropical spotted dolphin was observed in aggregations of more than 100 individuals and nearly all encountered species included calves; these findings suggested that the survey area functions as an important feeding and calving ground for various cetacean species. This pioneering survey provides fundamental information regarding cetacean fauna in the northern SCS and highlights the need to strengthen research and conservation efforts concerning these species.  相似文献   

深水网箱网衣破损监测系统设计   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

叶盛  王俊 《农业机械学报》2006,37(4):94-96,118

针对在深水网箱网衣破损监测研究中出现的问题,提供了一种全新的网箱网衣破损监测方法和监测系统,可在浑水区实时监测网衣情况.系统由单片机、网片检测电路、开关矩阵和GSM手机模块组成.在网衣内编入导线,使网衣成为一种网破传感器.系统将网衣分成多块网片,并对网片进行编码.网片破损处与海水、入海电极形成回路,触发手机模块发出报警短信,指出网箱的编号和网衣破损部位.当系统与网衣出现连接故障时也可触发手机模块发出报警短信,指出故障网箱的编号和故障部位.  相似文献   

农杆菌介导海岛棉茎尖遗传转化体系的建立     

魏延宏  马玲玲  何兰兰  柴蒙亮  朱华国  孙杰  张薇 《农业生物技术学报》2014,22(10)

为建立高效的海岛棉遗传转化体系,本实验以新疆海岛棉(Gossypium barbadense L.)品种新海13号、新海14号、新海16号茎尖为转化受体,采用农杆菌介导法,研究不同苗龄茎尖、菌液浓度、侵染时间及共培养时间对基因转化的影响,建立了农杆菌介导海岛棉茎尖遗传转化体系。最佳转化体系为:将生长4 d的无菌苗茎尖浸入农杆菌(Agrobacterium tumefaciens)菌液浓度OD600为0.5的菌液中,浸染10 min,共培养48~72 h后,移至卡那霉素浓度为150 mg/L的选择培养基进行筛选,25 d后转移到生根培养基培养,获得抗性苗,经嫁接或者直接移栽,获得29株抗性植株;经过PCR和RT-PCR检测,初步证明抗除草剂5-烯醇丙酮莽草酸-3-磷酸合酶基因(5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase,EPSPS)已导入海岛棉基因组中。该转化体系的建立为海岛棉的转基因育种提供了技术支持。  相似文献   

河北平原中低产区小麦与玉米生产现状及增产潜力分析   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：3  

罗建美  靳根会  罗仲朋  王红营  齐永青  刘兴冉  沈彦俊 《中国生态农业学报》2016,24(8):1123-1134

本文基于2000—2013年MODIS/NDVI遥感信息与主要粮食作物的统计数据,分析了河北平原中低产区冬小麦和玉米生产的时空格局,并利用各县粮食作物主要生育期累积NDVI的逐年值、14年的最大值及单产统计数据,采用最小二乘法原理,进行数值曲线拟合,构建了单产遥感估测模型,估算了河北平原中低产区冬小麦和玉米的增产潜力。结果表明:1)冬小麦在邯郸和衡水的最大生产力水平较高,在沧州、廊坊及邢台中部的最大生产力水平较低,即后者挖掘增产潜力之后也很难达到前者的最大生产力水平;玉米的最大生产力水平普遍较高,挖掘增产潜力后均可达到较高的生产力水平。2)冬小麦和玉米总产增产潜力在沧州和邯郸较大;冬小麦单产增产潜力多低于10%,平均增产356 kg?hm?2(5.87%);玉米单产增产潜力多高于10%,平均增产798 kg?hm?2(12.33%);单产增产潜力区域分布不同,冬小麦为廊坊保定沧州邯郸邢台衡水,玉米为邢台邯郸保定沧州衡水廊坊。3)以河北平原近14年来作物累积NDVI的最大值估算的全区冬小麦增产潜力为3.90亿kg,玉米增产潜力为9.62亿kg,二者合计可增产13.52亿kg,约相当于区域冬小麦和玉米理论可达增产潜力的1/5。本文估测粮食作物增产潜力的方法可以应用于估测多尺度范围、不同作物的增产潜力,研究结果可为相关部门的决策和管理提供依据。  相似文献