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The present study is a first attempt at evaluating the effects of repeated disturbance, such as that caused by mechanical fishing systems, on the target species, Tapes philippinarum, intensively exploited in the Lagoon of Venice (North-East Italy). In particular, in free-access fishing grounds, detrimental effects of dredging may be suffered by under-sized clams, which are disturbed by fishing tools many times throughout their lives before they are collected. Similar mechanical stress conditions are experienced by T. philippinarum in licensed areas, where they are farmed in aquaculture conditions and undergo the harmful impact of hydraulic dredging. To evaluate the effects of short-term mechanical stress, under-sized clams were subjected to experimental shaking in the laboratory, and detrimental effects on their well-being were investigated by applying the biomarker approach. Changes in physiological, biochemical and behavioural responses were evaluated by determining scope for growth, adenylate energy charge, survival in air time, reburrowing time, and shell damage level. Responses highlighted general worsening in clam condition as mechanical stress increased. Among the various measurements, survival in air and reburrowing time appeared particularly suitable as indices, their responsiveness and applicability suggesting their use in assessing mechanical stress due to dredging in field conditions. 相似文献
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《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(1):37-52
The influence of crude oil and crude oil plus dispersant on the flavor and odor of steelhead trout was determined using a trained taste panel. Uptake of certain hydrocarbons in the fish flesh correlated with time of exposure, off-flavor and off-odor scores. The sensory changes that resulted were of the magnitude that could results in serious affects on the marketability of commercially harvested contaminated fish. 相似文献
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本文研究了~(54)Mn在罗非鱼、对虾、毛蚶、文蛤体内的浓集、器官分布和几种生化物质的含量及代谢。结果表明:罗非鱼、对虾、毛蚶对~(54)Mn的浓集系数在同一个数量级上,经一个月的排泄实验后,罗非鱼中的~(54)Mn大部分都排泄掉,而对虾、毛蚶仅排泄一半左右。毛蚶和文蛤的外壳对~(54)Mn有特殊的浓集能力;消化系统对~(54)Mn的浓集能力最高且排泄很快,而肌肉浓集较少排泄也较慢,核酸系统~(54)Mn含量最高,且RNA大于DNA,有机酸系统含量最少。 相似文献
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The present study was aimed to evaluate differences in physicochemical characteristics (pH and temperature optima) of the
main digestive enzymes (amylase, cellulase, laminarinase, and protease) in two commercially important bivalves, the intertidal
clam, Ruditapes decussatus, and the subtidal clam, Venerupis pullastra, as well to assess individual variability of such activities. The assays were performed on extracts obtained from the digestive
glands and crystalline styles of individuals collected in the wild and laboratory-conditioned during 1 week. In both species,
maximum activity for amylase and cellulase was measured at pH 6 and that of laminarinase at pH 5.5, while pH profiles of protease
activity showed important differences between them. Temperature profiles also showed interspecific variations, mainly in laminarinase.
Carbohydrase activities were comparatively much higher in R. decussatus and proteolytic activities in V. pullastra. The observed differences both in physicochemical characteristics and relative importance of digestive enzymes are discussed
in relation to the amount and type of food available in their respective habitats. 相似文献
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