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郑开 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2016,(4):59-66
老庄哲学语境中的“德”含义复杂且深邃，比如说“玄德”概念及其理论创造性地发展了由来已久的德的观念，可谓思想史进程中“哲学突破”的重要标尺。围绕着老庄哲学的“德”，有若干问题值得深入探究：第一，道与德之间的关系能否归结于“德者，得也”的训诂解释，或者说道与德之间是否有那种亚里士多德意义上的分有关系？如果考虑到“德”实际上意味着“性”或者更深意味的“性之性”，那么德就具有两层含义：万物殊性且自得其性的性；万物玄同意义上的“性之性”。第二，老庄往往通过宇宙论模式阐发道物关系，同时也展现了探究德与物之间关系的多元思考，后者隐含了一种心性论的旨趣。第三，作为价值判断语词的“德”，足以提示出超越于伦理规范的原初伦理，即更高理论层次的德性伦理学（含政治哲学）。这几个问题的新思考有助于加深对老庄哲学的理解。 相似文献
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周德义 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2003,(5)
在《道德经》中 ,老子运用一分为三的思维方式 ,围绕着“道”这一中心概念的逐步展开 ,构建了充满着辩证法的哲学体系 ,成为中华文化的奇丽瑰宝。论述了“道”为“一”、为“无”、为“无为”、为“自然”的一分为三的哲学内涵 ;“自然”为老子哲学体系的开端 ;“道”的“万物得一以生”、“反者道之动”、“物壮则老”、凡事“守中”的一分为三的作用和意义 ;求“道”的一分为三的过程 ;并以此讨论宇宙的起源 ,世界的形成 ,事物的产生、变化和发展的规律 ,以及人类社会的种种矛盾及其解决的方式 ;还讨论了黑格尔对老子一分为 相似文献
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M Fevrier 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1985,8(2):159-170
Antibody response to an antigen involves the co-operation between three types of cells: macrophages, T cells and B cells. The cognate interactions between these cells play a fundamental role in the expression of a specific antibody response, but the last is modulated by antigen-nonspecific soluble factors produced either by macrophages or by T cells. Macrophages elaborate a spectrum of molecules modulating the function of lymphoid cells; among them are IL1 and prostaglandins of the E series, which are respectively enhancer and inhibitor of the antibody response in vitro. These molecules alter T cell and B cell activities through different mechanisms involving activation or inhibition of IL2 production, or alteration of cells surface antigens. However, the cellular events following the fixation of soluble factor on its receptors are not known. 相似文献
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Recently an inherited vitamin G deficiency in the pigs presumably based on an autosomal recessive gene was decribed* Homozygotes are in contrast to heterozygotes and normal pigs unable to synthesize ascorbic acid. In an experiment comprising 3 littermate pigs, 2 homozygous and 1 heterozygous for the vitamin C deficiency gene, the influence of ascorbic acid depletion, and repletion on mitogen stimulation of peripheral blood lymphocytes was studied. Ascorbic acid depletion of the vitamin C dependent pigs resulted in a rapid decline in plasma ascorbic acid. Response of lymphocytes to stimular tion with Concanavalin A (Con A) and phytohemagglutinin M (PHA) decreased more slowly reaching a minimum, which coincidedi with the occurrence of the first clinical symptoms of scurvy. Following resupplementation with vitamin C the plasma content of ascorbic acid rapidly returned to normal, while the lymphocyte response to Con A and PHA stimulation only gradually approached the initial values. The repletion with ascorbic acid caused a transitory increase in the response to pokeweed mitogen (PWM) stimulation. The significance of these findings in relation to the cellular immune system in normal pigs is discussed. 相似文献
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李茜 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(3):159-161
模糊性是自然语言的本质特征之一。《道德经》作为博大精深的东方文化中永恒不灭的经典,模糊美享悦了一代代读者。文学翻译中,精确性是相对的,模糊性是绝对的、普遍存在的。要将原文的美感真实地传递给译文读者,除了准确解读文本外,更要拥有模糊视野,运用模糊法则,视具体情况灵活变通。本文以《道德经》中“道”和“无”为例,阐释模糊法则在实际翻译中的灵活应用。 相似文献
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Estimating N status of winter wheat using a handheld spectrometer in the North China Plain 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Fei Li Martin L. Gnyp Liangliang Jia Yuxin Miao Zihui Yu Wolfgang Koppe Georg Bareth Xinping Chen Fusuo Zhang 《Field Crops Research》2008
Excessive nitrogen (N) fertilizer application is very common in the North China Plain. Diagnosis of in-season N status in crops is critical for precision N management in this area. Remote sensing, as a timely and nondestructive tool, could be an alternative to traditional plant testing for diagnosing crop N status. The objectives of this study were to determine which vegetation indices could be used to estimate N status in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under high N input conditions, develop models to predict winter wheat N uptake using spectral vegetation indices and validate the models with data from farmers’ fields. An N rate experiment and a variety-N experiment were conducted in Huimin, Shandong Province from 2005/2006 to 2006/2007 to develop the models. Positive linear relationships between simple ratio vegetation indices (red vegetation index, RVI and green vegetation index, GVI) and N uptake were observed independent of growth stages and varieties (R2, 0.48–0.74). In contrast, the relationships between normalized difference vegetation indices (NDVI and GNDVI), red and green normalized difference vegetation index (RGNDI), and red and green ratio vegetation index (RGVI) were exponentially related to N uptake (R2, 0.43–0.79). Subsequently, 69 farmers’ fields in four different villages were selected as datasets to validate the developed models. The results indicated that the prediction using RVI had the highest coefficient of determination (R2, 0.60), the lowest root mean square error (RMSE, 39.7 kg N ha−1) and relative error (RE, 30.5%) across different years, varieties and growth stages. We conclude that RVI can be used to estimate nitrogen status for winter wheat in over-fertilized farmers’ fields before heading. 相似文献
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为探讨玉米赤霉烯酮(zearalenone,ZEA)对动物免疫功能的影响及其机理,试验以分离培养的原代小鼠脾脏淋巴细胞材料,研究了ZEA对T淋巴细胞细胞因子分泌的影响。以刀豆蛋白A(Con A,5 mg/L)作为T细胞活化特异性刺激剂,试验设空白对照组(不加Con A)、Con A组(5 mg/L Con A)、不同浓度的ZEA染毒组(Con A+ZEA 10、20和40μmol/L),处理48,72 h后,使用流式液相多重蛋白定量技术检测T细胞分泌IL-2、IL-3、IL-5、IL-6和GM-CSF等细胞因子的含量。结果显示,与空白对照组相比,Con A组细胞在48,72 h时间段5种细胞因子分泌均明显上升;与Con A组比较,染毒48,72 h后,10,20,40μmol/L ZEA染毒组各细胞因子分泌浓度均有极显著下降(P<0.01),并呈剂量-效应关系。结果表明,ZEA可以抑制T淋巴细胞细胞因子IL-2、IL-3、IL-5、IL-6和GM-CSF的分泌,从而影响机体正常免疫反应的进行,降低整体的免疫功能。 相似文献