Engineered-airlift pumps for aquaculture applications using multiphase flow analysis     

《Aquacultural Engineering》2019

Currently, very few aquaculture operations are employing airlift pump technology for water recirculation, aeration, and waste removal. This is likely due to the poor design and lower efficiency of traditional airlift design, the limited amount of research effort that has been invested in improving performance capabilities of air lift pumps and the general lack of awareness of the industry about the inherent advantages of airlift systems. A new efficient airlift pump is hydrodynamically designed by incorporating the Volume of Fluid (VOF) multi-phase model along with the K-ε turbulence model utilizing Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) tools. The pump is designed to offer a substantial reduction in total energy usage as well as an improved quality of the culture products in order to make it attractive to aquaculture industry. In this study, both numerical and experimental investigations were carried out for airlift systems operating under two different submergence ratios of 50% and 90% in a lab setting using 2.54 cm diameter pumps. Also, the performance of a large-scale pumps of 10.16 cm diameters were also tested in an aquaculture raceway to determine its effect on the operation. The numerical results were found to be in agreement with the experiments within ±20% which is considered very reasonable for multiphase flow analysis. The present study was found to present a great tool for modelling the airlift pump performance, and potentially proposing new designs.  相似文献   

Are dual-purpose and male layer chickens more resilient against a low-protein-low-soybean diet than slow-growing broilers?     

M. Kreuzer  S. Müller  L. Mazzolini  R. E. Messikommer  I. D. M. Gangnat 《British poultry science》2020,61(1):33-42

ABSTRACT

1. Although fattening dual-purpose types or male layer hybrid chickens appears more ethical than the common practice of culling day-old male layer chicks, the lower feed efficiency of these birds raises concerns. Replacing feed ingredients that compete with food production by those of lower value for human nutrition would be beneficial.

2. Lohmann Dual (LD), a modern dual-purpose type, Lohmann Brown (LB), a male layer hybrid, and Hubbard JA 957 (HU), a slow-growing broiler type, were fattened for nine weeks on two diets (control or ?20% crude protein; n = 6 × 12 birds). Growth, carcass and meat quality were analysed.

3. Growth performance of HU exceeded that of LD and especially of LB. The growth depression caused by the low-protein diet fed to LD (?7%) was only half of that found in HU (?13%). The LD fed the control diet had the same feed efficiency as the HU fed the low-protein diet. Even the LB had a lower performance and feed efficiency with the low-protein diet in growth. There was a gradient in carcass properties (weight, dressing percentage, breast meat yield, breast proportion and breast angle) from HU to LD to LB, with some additional adverse effects of the low-protein diet especially in HU. There were some breed differences in fatty acid profile in the intramuscular fat.

4. In conclusion, the dual-purpose type used complied with regulations for Swiss organic poultry systems in terms of growth rate and was found to respond less when fed a low-protein diet than the slow-growing broiler type. The LB males were inferior in all growth and carcass quality traits. Future studies need to determine the exact protein and amino acid requirements of dual-purpose and layer hybrid chickens and the economic feasibility of the systems, especially for organic farming.  相似文献   

电控喷油器流量特性试验台的设计与试验   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

尹丛勃  张振东  刘志远  王玉顺 《农机化研究》2007,(12):194-196

论述了开发电控喷油器微机测试系统的意义;为检测电喷发动机喷油性能,介绍了所以8098为核心的喷油器流量试验台;阐述了喷油器流量试验台设计思想、硬件结构和软件设计方法.以高阻型喷油器为例,在整个流量范围内对其进行测试,并对测试数据加以分析总结,得出了该喷油器流量特性的一些重要参数.目前,电控喷油器微机测试系统已投入使用,取得了良好的实际效果.  相似文献   

单缸柴油机双喷油器燃烧系统     

袁银南  王忠  孙平  陈笃红 《农业机械学报》2005,36(7):1-3,7

对单缸柴油机双喷油器直喷燃烧系统进行了研究，分析了供油系统油管分叉夹角及截面收缩比、燃烧室油线布置及几何形状的优化原则。采用该燃烧系统，可增加燃油喷注在燃烧室内的自由贯穿长度，减少对进气涡流的依赖，促进混合气形成和燃烧；可降低气缸盖及活塞的热负荷；由于进、排气门中心线与气缸中心线处于同一平面，故气门流通面积大，可以改善进排气流动性能；可实现先缓后急的喷油规律。  相似文献   

电控喷油对降低双燃料内燃机烟度排放的试验研究     

陈笃红  王存磊  袁银南  朱磊 《拖拉机与农用运输车》2005,(6):20-24

介绍了电控LPG-柴油双燃料内燃机供给系统的设计,柴油分别采用机械泵和电磁铁执行器供给,LPG采用电控顺序喷射方式供给。同时对控制系统进行了硬件和软件设计,对软件的功能进行详细的说明,最后对双燃料内燃机进行标定试验,论证了柴油的电控喷射对降低烟度排放的影响。  相似文献   

外开式汽油喷油器喷雾特性研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

何邦全  叶飞 《农业机械学报》2015,46(6):275-281

在定容弹内,采用纹影和激光Mie散射技术研究了外开式压电晶体汽油喷油器使用汽油、正丁醇和乙醇时的喷雾特性。结果表明,外开式喷油器喷油形成的空心圆锥状喷雾结构由线状油束组成。喷油背压对喷雾的宏观形态影响较大。随着喷油背压的升高,喷雾中油线间隙减小并最终消失,同时喷雾贯穿度与面积均大幅减小,但喷雾锥角基本不随背压、燃料种类和时间的变化而变化。此外,随着背压的升高,喷雾横向贯穿度的减小程度大于轴向贯穿度,但是横向贯穿度始终大于轴向贯穿度。粘度较大的乙醇和正丁醇的轴向贯穿度大于汽油。横向贯穿度与喷油产生的涡流有关。涡流尺度越大,则横向贯穿度也越大。  相似文献   

Dual RNA-seq技术及其在宿主-病原体相互作用中的研究进展     

邹宏  夏应菊  徐璐  赵俊杰  李玲  王震  刘业兵  王琴  宋振辉  张乾义 《中国兽药杂志》2022,56(9):71-78

利用转录组测序技术(RNA-sequencing, RNA-seq)进行转录组分析是了解病原体入侵宿主分子变化的重要工具,在同时分析病原体与宿主转录组时,RNA-seq技术需要分别构建病原体及宿主的cDNA文库,再将其各自映射到病原体及宿主参考基因组中,而互作转录组测序技术(Dual RNA-seq)无需分离两物种,只需构建一个转录组文库,便能同时对两个(或多个)研究对象进行测序和分析,可以直观地揭示病原体和宿主相互作用过程中转录组学动态变化,因此Dual RNA-seq技术被广泛应用到人类疾病和生物感染模型的相互作用研究中。为了解Dual RNA-seq技术及其在宿主-病原体相互作用研究中的前景,就Dual RNA-seq技术概述以及近年来该技术在原核生物、真核生物以及病毒研究中的应用现状及发展前景进行综述。Dual RNA-seq技术可为病原体与宿主相互作用的研究提供新视角,有助于更好地识别和理解感染过程中病原体和宿主的转录组学变化,从而揭示潜在的新靶点或生物标记物。  相似文献   

中国水肥一体化施肥设备研究现状与发展趋势   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

李红  汤攀  陈超  张志洋  夏华猛 《排灌机械工程学报》2021,39(2):200-209

为了促进中国水肥一体化施肥设备的研究开发及推广应用,总结分析了中国水肥一体化施肥设备科研、生产及实际应用中存在的问题,概述了施肥设备的发展现状,重点阐述分析了文丘里施肥器、压差施肥罐、比例施肥泵、柱塞泵及固体肥料溶解施肥装置等常用施肥设备的技术特点、研究进展和存在问题等.在此基础上,基于绿色农业发展理念和农业物联网的发...  相似文献   

3WY-A3型喷雾机变量喷雾实时混药控制试验     

张文昭  刘志壮 《农业工程学报》2011,27(11):130-133

为依据作物对药液的实际需求进行变量喷施,达到节约农药和保护环境的目的,该文针对3WY-A3手推式喷雾机,设计了一种实时混药式变量喷雾系统.该系统主要包括混药装置、差压流量计、流量控制阀和控制系统硬件及软件等.通过实时混药控制试验,结果表明,药流量的控制范围为0.1～0.9 mL/s,误差在士5％左右.该研究可为实时混药...  相似文献   

电控共轨喷油器喷油特性的仿真研究     

宋文福  李捷辉  赵哲  李忠海 《拖拉机与农用运输车》2009,36(3)

通过运用HYDSIM液力计算软件模拟电控共轨喷油器的喷射特性,探讨了电控共轨喷油器控制室的进油孔、出油孔和控制活塞直径的变化对喷油器喷嘴针阀升程及喷油规律的影响。分析结果表明,需要选择合适的共轨喷油器控制室进油孔、出油孔及控制活塞直径,以便使柴油机发挥更加良好的工作性能和排放性能。  相似文献