2016/2017冬中国气温偏暖的基本特征及可能成因     

于骐恺  高震  姚素香 《中国农学通报》2020,36(12):79-85

利用中国740余站观测的月平均2 m气温资料以及NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,通过动力学诊断的方法,对2016—2017年中国冬季异常偏暖现象进行了研究。结果发现：中国2016—2017年冬季气温偏暖主要是由于西伯利亚高压和阿留申低压偏弱导致东亚冬季风偏弱,在中国存在异常的偏南风。阿留申低压偏弱由两个因素引起,一是由于阿留申群岛地区的海温偏低,冷源对应异常高压导致阿留申低压偏弱;二是阿留申低压在东亚副热带高空西风急流出口区以北,然而该冬季高空西风急流出口区位置偏南,导致阿留申地区偏离急流出口减压区,从而导致阿留申低压偏弱。此外,西风带偏北,中高纬亚洲大陆上空以纬向环流为主,不利于冷空气南下。  相似文献   

东佛里生羊MSTN基因多态性及其与生长性状的关联分析     

张磊  李丹妮  王钰晨  杨丽春  何静  宋宇轩 《中国畜牧兽医》2021,48(12):4537-4544

试验旨在研究肌肉生长抑制素(myostatin,MSTN)基因多态性及其对东佛里生羊生长性状的影响。从324只东佛里生羊全血中提取DNA,对MSTN基因外显子序列和非翻译区(untranslated region,UTR)序列进行PCR扩增,采用一代测序技术鉴定单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP)位点,分析不同位点的遗传多态性,并将不同基因型与东佛里生羊的生长性状进行关联分析。结果显示,在东佛里生羊MSTN基因外显子中未检测到突变;在3'-UTR区的272 bp处存在G→A单碱基突变,该位点只检测到AG和AA基因型,且AA基因型频率高于AG基因型;在5'-UTR区的176 bp处存在C→A突变,该位点只检测到CC和AC基因型,且CC基因型频率高于AC基因型。遗传多样性参数分析结果表明,东佛里生羊群体MSTN基因3'-UTR-272和5'-UTR-176位点的纯合度分别为0.827和0.887,杂合度分别为0.173和0.113,2个位点的多态性均较低(PIC<0.25),其群体基因型分布均符合哈代-温伯格平衡(P>0.05)。关联分析发现,3'-UTR-272位点AG基因型体斜长显著高于AA基因型(P<0.05),5'-UTR-176位点CC基因型胸围显著高于AC基因型(P<0.05),其余指标均无显著差异(P>0.05)。综上,东佛里生羊MSTN基因3'-UTR和5'-UTR突变位点可作为其目标性状选育的分子标记。  相似文献   

华南三省(自治区)部分西番莲种植区花叶病病原检测及EAPV多聚蛋白基因序列分析     

叶婷  郑国华  孟红岩  张越华  赖瑞云  郭莺 《植物病理学报》2023,53(1):151-154

<正>西番莲(Passiflora edulis Sims.)是热带亚热带地区重要经济作物,我国福建、广东、广西、海南等地广泛种植[1]。调查发现,我国南方多地西番莲花叶病为害严重,症状表现为叶片花叶、黄化、斑驳、畸形,甚至整株褪绿,严重影响西番莲的产量和品质。已报道能引起西番莲花叶症状的病毒有：黄瓜花叶病毒属(Cucumovirus)的黄瓜花叶病毒(cucumber mosaic virus, CMV),  相似文献   

Visits to the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation from South Asia and the Middle East, 1946–1990: An indicator of changing international programs and politics     

James L. Wescoat Jr.  Roger Smith  David Schaad 《Irrigation and Drainage Systems》1992,6(1):55-67

International study programs have contributed to the diffusion of modern irrigation technologies, approaches, and problems. But the patterns and processes of international travel have received little attention to date. This paper examines foreign visits to the US Bureau of Reclamation (USBR) from South Asia and the Middle East from 1946 to 1990. Using data from the Foreign Activities Branch of the USBR, we compare the participation rates from 16 countries in South Asia and the Middle East. India, Turkey, and Egypt had the highest rates of participation, followed by Pakistan, Iran, and Israel. The frequency of visits is influenced by political, economic, cultural, and institutional factors. But the most important factors appear to be foreign relations and geopolitics. Given the problems faced by national irrigation bureaucracies around the world, there is a need to focus more directly on political factors than in the past.  相似文献   

豫东地区能源型甘薯品种的筛选     

李红忠  史本林  朱新玉 《贵州农业科学》2011,(10)

为选育适合豫东地区自然条件的高产高淀粉型甘薯品种,在河南省商丘市进行了生产试验,并测定各品种的鲜薯产量、薯干产量、干物质量、淀粉率及主要病虫害抗性。结果表明:徐薯22、商薯19和金玉3种能源生产专用型甘薯品种能更好地适应当地条件,其淀粉含量比当地主栽品种豫薯9号提高10%左右,产量提高5%～10%。大力发展能源型甘薯种植能使农民增收,使用生物质能源可有效减轻大气污染,经济效益、社会效益和生态效益明显。  相似文献   

东洞庭湖湿地水鸟群落季节动态格局     

李丽平  钟福生  王德良 《经济动物学报》2007,11(4):224-226

为了对东洞庭湖湿地鸟类的继续研究提供数据和理论依据,2005年7月~2006年12月采用样方法和样线法对该湿地水鸟进行了调查,共记录到水鸟89种,并对其季节动态格局进行了研究分析,结果表明,全年水鸟种类和数量均是冬季多,夏季少,特别是数量波动有明显的冬季高峰期和夏季低谷期,季节差异非常显著。  相似文献   

陇东黄土高原春播紫花苜蓿生长规律及气候生产潜力评估   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

王位泰  张天锋  黄斌  杨民  蒲金涌  车向军 《干旱地区农业研究》2007,25(5):214-219

利用春播两年生紫花苜蓿生长状况和平行气候条件观测资料,分析陇东黄土高原地区紫花苜蓿的生长高度和速率的时间变化规律,千物重和鲜草重与活动积温的相关关系;根据牧草气候生产力的光合产量和温度及降水订正模型,计算紫花苜蓿的气候生产潜力.结果表明:春播当年的开花～枯黄,第二年的显蕾～开花期的生长高度增长量达最大,生长速率在萌芽～分枝、显蕾～开花期达最大;干物重和鲜草重与活动积温在分枝～显蕾期同时达到最大值;水分是陇东紫花苜蓿气候生产潜力的主要限制因子,目前在中北部的黄土丘陵沟壑区尚有较大的气候生产潜力有待利用.  相似文献   

惠州市东湖花园植物资源调查与应用现状分析     

柴素芬  肖河章  杨馥霓 《热带作物学报》2009,29(9):14-18

广东省惠州市东湖花园的植物资源调查结果表明：该小区的植物种类可分为55科102种, 其中蕨类植物3科3种，裸子植物5科5种，被子植物47科94种，被子植物中双子叶植物36科61种，单子叶植物11科33种；分析其植物配置现状,并就其今后园林规划中植物的配置提出建议。  相似文献   

Spatial distribution and biomass of pelagic fish in the East China Sea in summer, based on acoustic surveys from 1997 to 2001     

Seiji  OHSHIMO 《Fisheries Science》2004,70(3):389-400

  相似文献   

Characterization of Degraded Soils in the Humid Ethiopian Highlands     

《Land Degradation \u0026amp; Development》2017,28(7):1891-1901

Hardpan is a major cause of land degradation that affects agricultural productivity in developing countries. However, relatively, little is known about the interaction of land degradation and hardpans. The objective of this study was, therefore, to investigate soil degradation and the formation of hardpans in crop/livestock‐mixed rainfed agriculture systems and to assess how changes in soil properties are related to the conversion of land from forest to agriculture. Two watersheds (Anjeni and Debre Mewi) were selected in the humid Ethiopian highlands. For both watersheds, 0–45 cm soil penetration resistance (SPR, n  = 180) and soil physical properties (particle size, soil organic matter, pH, base ions, cation exchange capacity, silica content, bulk density and moisture content) were determined at 15 cm depth increments for three land uses: cultivated, pasture and forest. SPR of agricultural fields was significantly greater than that of forest lands. Dense layers with a critical SPR threshold of ≥2000 kPa were observed in the cultivated and pasture lands starting at a depth of 15–30 cm but did not occur in the undisturbed forest land. Compared with the original forest soils, agricultural fields were lower in organic matter, cation exchange capacity, and exchangeable base cations; more acidic; had a higher bulk density and more fine particles (clay and silt); and contained less soluble silica. Overall, our findings suggest that soil physical and chemical properties in agricultural lands are deteriorated, causing disintegration of soil aggregates, resulting in greater sediment concentration in infiltration water that clogged up macro‐pores, thereby disconnecting deep flow paths found in original forest soils. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献